完整版
#include <iostream> #include <cstring> #include <iomanip> #include <algorithm> using namespace std; #define MAXN 9999 #define MAXSIZE 10 #define DLEN 4 class BigNum { private: int a[500];//可以控制大数的位数 int len;//大数长度 public: BigNum(){ len = 1; memset(a,sizeof(a)); }//构造函数 BigNum(const int);//将一个int类型的变量转化为大数 BigNum(const char*);//将一个字符串类型的变量转化为大数 BigNum(const BigNum &);//拷贝构造函数 BigNum &operator = (const BigNum &);//重载赋值运算符,大数之间进行赋值运算 friend istream& operator >> (istream&,BigNum&);//重载输入运算符 friend ostream& operator << (ostream&,BigNum&);//重载输出运算符 BigNum operator + (const BigNum &) const;//重载加法运算符,两个大数之间的相加运算 BigNum operator - (const BigNum &) const;//重载减法运算符,两个大数之间的相减运算 BigNum operator * (const BigNum &) const;//重载乘法运算符,两个大数之间的相乘运算 BigNum operator / (const int &) const;//重载除法运算符,大数对一个整数进行相除运算 BigNum operator ^ (const int &) const;//大数的n次方运算 int operator % (const int &) const;//大数对一个int类型的变量进行取模运算 bool operator > (const BigNum & T) const;//大数和另一个大数的大小比较 bool operator > (const int & t) const;//大数和一个int类型的变量的大小比较 void print();//输出大数 }; BigNum::BigNum(const int b){//将一个int类型的变量转化为大数 int c,d = b; len = 0; memset(a,sizeof(a)); while (d > MAXN){ c = d - (d / (MAXN + 1)) * (MAXN + 1); d = d / (MAXN + 1); a[len++] = c; } a[len++] = d; } BigNum::BigNum(const char*s){//将一个字符串类型的变量转化为大数 int t,k,index,l,i; memset(a,sizeof(a)); l = strlen(s); len = l / DLEN; if (l % DLEN) len++; index = 0; for (i = l - 1; i >= 0; i -= DLEN){ t = 0; k = i - DLEN + 1; if (k < 0) k = 0; for (int j = k; j <= i; j++) t = t * 10 + s[j] - '0'; a[index++] = t; } } BigNum::BigNum(const BigNum & T) : len(T.len){//拷贝构造函数 int i; memset(a,sizeof(a)); for (i = 0; i < len; i++) a[i] = T.a[i]; } BigNum & BigNum::operator = (const BigNum & n){//重载赋值运算符,大数之间进行赋值运算 int i; len = n.len; memset(a,sizeof(a)); for (i = 0; i < len; i++) a[i] = n.a[i]; return *this; } istream& operator >> (istream & in,BigNum & b){//重载输入运算符 char ch[MAXSIZE * 4]; int i = -1; in >> ch; int l = strlen(ch); int count = 0,sum = 0; for (i = l - 1; i >= 0; ){ sum = 0; int t = 1; for (int j = 0; j < 4 && i >= 0; j++,i--,t *= 10){ sum += (ch[i] - '0') * t; } b.a[count] = sum; count++; } b.len = count++; return in; } ostream& operator << (ostream& out,BigNum& b){//重载输出运算符 int i; cout << b.a[b.len - 1]; for (i = b.len - 2; i >= 0; i--){ cout.width(DLEN); cou t.fill('0'); cout << b.a[i]; } return out; } BigNum BigNum::operator + (const BigNum & T) const//两个大数之间的相加运算 { BigNum t(*this); int i,big;//位数 big = T.len > len ? T.len : len; for (i = 0; i < big; i++){ t.a[i] += T.a[i]; if (t.a[i] > MAXN){ t.a[i + 1]++; t.a[i] -= MAXN + 1; } } if (t.a[big] != 0) t.len = big + 1; else t.len = big; return t; } BigNum BigNum::operator - (const BigNum & T) const//两个大数之间的相减运算 { int i,j,big; bool flag; BigNum t1,t2; if (*this > T){ t1 = *this; t2 = T; flag = 0; } else { t1 = T; t2 = *this; flag = 1; } big = t1.len; for (i = 0; i < big; i++){ if (t1.a[i] < t2.a[i]){ j = i + 1; while (t1.a[j] == 0) j++; t1.a[j--]--; while (j > i) t1.a[j--] += MAXN; t1.a[i] += MAXN + 1 - t2.a[i]; } else t1.a[i] -= t2.a[i]; } t1.len = big; while (t1.a[len - 1] == 0 && t1.len > 1){ t1.len--; big--; } if (flag) t1.a[big - 1] = 0 - t1.a[big - 1]; return t1; } BigNum BigNum::operator * (const BigNum & T) const//两个大数之间的相乘运算 { BigNum ret; int i,up; int temp,temp1; for (i = 0; i < len; i++){ up = 0; for (j = 0; j < T.len; j++){ temp = a[i] * T.a[j] + ret.a[i + j] + up; if (temp > MAXN){ temp1 = temp - temp / (MAXN + 1) * (MAXN + 1); up = temp / (MAXN + 1); ret.a[i + j] = temp1; } else { up = 0; ret.a[i + j] = temp; } } if (up != 0) ret.a[i + j] = up; } ret.len = i + j; while (ret.a[ret.len - 1] == 0 && ret.len > 1) ret.len--; return ret; } BigNum BigNum::operator / (const int & b) const//大数对一个整数进行相除运算 { BigNum ret; int i,down = 0; for (i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--){ ret.a[i] = (a[i] + down * (MAXN + 1)) / b; down = a[i] + down * (MAXN + 1) - ret.a[i] * b; } ret.len = len; while (ret.a[ret.len - 1] == 0 && ret.len > 1) ret.len--; return ret; } int BigNum::operator % (const int & b) const//大数对一个int类型的变量进行取模运算 { int i,d = 0; for (i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--){ d = ((d * (MAXN + 1)) % b + a[i]) % b; } return d; } BigNum BigNum::operator ^ (const int & n) const//大数的n次方运算 { BigNum t,ret(1); int i; if (n < 0) exit(-1); if (n == 0) return 1; if (n == 1) return *this; int m = n; while (m > 1){ t = *this; for (i = 1; i << 1 <= m; i <<= 1){ t = t * t; } m -= i; ret = ret * t; if (m == 1) ret = ret * (*this); } return ret; } bool BigNum::operator > (const BigNum & T) const//大数和另一个大数的大小比较 { int ln; if (len > T.len) return true; else if (len == T.len){ ln = len - 1; while (a[ln] == T.a[ln] && ln >= 0) ln--; if (ln >= 0 && a[ln] > T.a[ln]) return true; else return false; } else return false; } bool BigNum::operator > (const int & t) const//大数和一个int类型的变量的大小比较 { BigNum b(t); return *this > b; } void BigNum::print(){//输出大数 int i; cout << a[len - 1]; for (i = len - 2; i >= 0; i--){ cout.width(DLEN); cout.fill('0'); cout << a[i]; } cout << endl; } int main(void){ int i,n; BigNum x[101];//定义大数的对象数组 x[0] = 1; for (i = 1; i < 101; i++) x[i] = x[i - 1] * (4 * i - 2) / (i + 1); while (scanf("%d",&n) == 1 && n != -1){ x[n].print(); } }
简单模板
#include <iostream> #include <cstdio> #include <cmath> #include <cstring> #include <algorithm> #define LL long long int const MAX = 1e6 + 1; int const INF = 1 << 30; double const EPS = 0.00000001; using namespace std; int const MAXLEN = 10000; struct BigNum { //保存各个位数的值,由低位到高位 char a[MAXLEN]; int len; BigNum(){ memset(a,sizeof(a)); len = 1; } //将一个int类型的变量转化为大数 BigNum(int n){ memset(a,sizeof(a)); len = 0; do { a[len++] = n % 10; n /= 10; } while (n); } //将一个字符串类型的变量转化为大数 BigNum(const char* s){ memset(a,sizeof(a)); //由低位到高位赋值 len = strlen(s); for (int i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--) a[len - i - 1] = s[i] - '0'; } //拷贝构造函数 BigNum(const BigNum &bg){ memset(a,sizeof(a)); len = bg.len; for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) a[i] = bg.a[i]; } //重载赋值运算符,大数之间进行赋值运算 BigNum &operator = (const BigNum & bg){ memset(a,sizeof(a)); len = bg.len; for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) a[i] = bg.a[i]; return *this; } //重载加法运算符,两个大数之间的相加运算 BigNum operator + (const BigNum &bg) const { BigNum nbg; int t = 0,maxlen = max(len,bg.len);//表示进位 for (int i = 0; i < maxlen; i++){ int sum = a[i] + bg.a[i] + t; nbg.a[i] = sum % 10; t = sum / 10; } if (t) nbg.a[maxlen++] = t; nbg.len = maxlen; return nbg; } //重载减法运算符,两个大数之间的相减运算 BigNum operator - (const BigNum &) const; //重载乘法运算符,两个大数之间的相乘运算 BigNum operator * (const BigNum &bg) const { BigNum nbg; int k = 0;//需要乘几次10 for (int i = 0; i < len; i++){ nbg.show(); BigNum t = bg; for (int j = 0; j < k; j++) t = t * 10; nbg = nbg + t * a[i]; k++; } nbg.show(); return nbg; } //重载乘法运算符,大数 与int之间的相乘运算 BigNum operator * (const int n) const { BigNum nbg; int nlen = len,t = 0; for (int i = 0; i < len; i++){ t = a[i] * n + t; nbg.a[i] = t % 10; t /= 10; } while (t){ nbg.a[nlen++] = t % 10; t /= 10; } nbg.len = nlen; return nbg; } //重载除法运算符,大数对一个整数进行相除运算 BigNum operator / (const int &) const { BigNum nbg; return nbg; } int operator % (const int& mod) const { int t = 0; for (int i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--){ t = t * 10 + a[i]; while (t < mod && i > 0) t = t * 10 + a[--i]; if (t < mod) break; t = t % mod; } return t; } void show(){ // printf("len=%d\n",len); for (int i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--) printf("%d",a[i]); } }; char s1[MAXLEN],s2[MAXLEN]; int main(){ int T; scanf("%d",&T); for (int c = 1; c <= T; c++){ scanf("%s %s",s1,s2); BigNum n1(s1),n2(s2); BigNum n3 = n1 + n2; printf("Case %d:\n",c); n1.show(); printf(" + "); n2.show(); printf(" = "); n3.show(); printf("\n"); if (c != T) printf("\n"); } return 0; }
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