docker安装mysql 8

1. 运行容器，自动下载镜像

docker run --name MysqL -e MysqL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d MysqL

2. 创建主机挂载配置文件

mkdir -p ~/i/apps/MysqL/{conf,data}

 

• conf存放配置文件
• data存放数据库文件

3. 初始化配置文件

docker cp MysqL:/var/lib/MysqL ~/i/apps/MysqL/data

 

• 将数据库初始文件复制到/usr/MysqL/data里面

docker cp MysqL:/etc/MysqL/my.cnf ~/i/apps/MysqL/conf/my.cnf

 

4. 停止删除容器

docker rm -f MysqL

 

5. 生成启动文件 - start.sh

[root@wanfei ~]# cd ~/i/apps/MysqL/
$ cat <<EOF > start.sh
#!/bin/bash
HOST_NAME=MysqL.wanfei.xyz
REdis_DIR=`pwd`
docker stop MysqL
docker rm MysqL
docker run -d \\
    --hostname \${HOST_NAME} \\
    -p 3306:3306 \\
    --name MysqL \\
    --privileged=true \\
    -v \${REdis_DIR}/conf/my.cnf:/etc/MysqL/my.cnf \\
    -v \${REdis_DIR}/data/MysqL:/var/lib/MysqL \\
    -e MysqL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 \\
    MysqL
EOF

 

参数说明

• --hostname \${HOST_NAME}: 设置访问的域名地址，${HOST_NAME}是上面定义的MysqL.wanfei.xyz这个地址
• -p 3306:3306: 把容器内的3306端口映射到宿主机3306端口
• --privileged=true: 给容器加上特定权限 。否则会chown: changing ownership of ‘/var/lib/MysqL/....‘: Permission denied
• -v \${REdis_DIR}/conf/my.cnf:/etc/MysqL/my.cnf：把宿主机配置好的my.cnf放到容器内的这个位置中
• -v \${REdis_DIR}/data/MysqL:/var/lib/MysqL：把MysqL持久化的数据在宿主机内显示，做数据备份
• -e MysqL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456: 指定数据库初始访问密码，第一次设置才有小，后面重启以修改的密码为准
• MysqL：MysqL镜像名，后面没有tag后，下载最新的tag，latest

6. 运行start.sh 启动MysqL

[root@wanfei MysqL]# sh start.sh 
MysqL
MysqL
f3d297633f4432495dc587d2860c212a371166897b6a380aceb0ebcdccc5dad8

 

7. 进入容器修改密码，开启远程连接

#进入容器
docker exec -it MysqL /bin/sh
#进入MysqL（有可能上面密码设置无效）
MysqL -u root -p
#输入123456，如果失败，直接enter
MysqL> use MysqL;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
MysqL> select host,user,plugin from user;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
| host      | user             | plugin                |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
| localhost | MysqL.infoschema | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | MysqL.session    | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | MysqL.sys        | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | root             | caching_sha2_password |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
#上面的root用户如果是localhost，只能localhost连接，不能远程连接，下面设置密码报错
MysqL> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH MysqL_native_password BY 'xxxxxx';
ERROR 1396 (HY000): Operation ALTER USER Failed for 'root'@'%'
#修改localhost为%
MysqL> update user set host='%' where user='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.14 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

MysqL> select host,user,plugin from user;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
| host      | user             | plugin                |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
| %         | root             | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | MysqL.infoschema | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | MysqL.session    | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | MysqL.sys        | caching_sha2_password |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MysqL> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

MysqL> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH MysqL_native_password BY 'xxxxxx';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

MysqL> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)