如何解决带有ttk日历的Python tkinter
这个小部件的作者使用了一个不必要的动作：这个小部件设置了最小的 窗口大小，并且他假定它是程序中唯一的窗口（这不是bug，它是功能）。
1.In方法def __place_widgets(self)：
self._calendar = ttk.Treeview(show='', selectmode='none', height=7)
应该：
self._calendar = ttk.Treeview(self, show='', selectmode='none', height=7)
self._calendar.bind('<Map>', self.__minsize)
3.删除__minsize方法
4.如果要设置最小大小以root2使用此代码：
def myfunction():
root2=Tkinter.Toplevel(root)
ttkcal = Calendar(root2,firstweekday=calendar.SUNDAY)
ttkcal.pack(expand=1, fill='both')
root2.update()
root2.minsize(root2.winfo_reqwidth(), root2.winfo_reqheight())
解决方法
我正在使用此代码在Tkinter上创建一个简单的日历。当我在主根窗口上放置日历时，日历显示就很好了。因此，我决定再放一个按钮来创建一个Tkinter顶层窗口，并在顶层窗口上再放1个日历。但是这次它无法显示日历，而是给了我这个错误"
TclError: can't pack .18913120 inside .18912200.18912400"。谁能解释我为什么收到此错误消息。
这是我的示例代码：
import calendar
import sys
try:
import Tkinter
import tkFont
except ImportError: # py3k
import tkinter as Tkinter
import tkinter.font as tkFont
import ttk
def get_calendar(locale,fwday):
# instantiate proper calendar class
if locale is None:
return calendar.TextCalendar(fwday)
else:
return calendar.LocaleTextCalendar(fwday,locale)
class Calendar(ttk.Frame):
# XXX ToDo: cget and configure
datetime = calendar.datetime.datetime
timedelta = calendar.datetime.timedelta
def __init__(self,master=None,**kw):
"""
WIDGET-SPECIFIC OPTIONS
locale,firstweekday,year,month,selectbackground,selectforeground
"""
# remove custom options from kw before initializating ttk.Frame
fwday = kw.pop('firstweekday',calendar.MONDAY)
year = kw.pop('year',self.datetime.now().year)
month = kw.pop('month',self.datetime.now().month)
locale = kw.pop('locale',None)
sel_bg = kw.pop('selectbackground','#ecffc4')
sel_fg = kw.pop('selectforeground','#05640e')
self._date = self.datetime(year,1)
self._selection = None # no date selected
ttk.Frame.__init__(self,master,**kw)
self._cal = get_calendar(locale,fwday)
self.__setup_styles() # creates custom styles
self.__place_widgets() # pack/grid used widgets
self.__config_calendar() # adjust calendar columns and setup tags
# configure a canvas,and proper bindings,for selecting dates
self.__setup_selection(sel_bg,sel_fg)
# store items ids,used for insertion later
self._items = [self._calendar.insert('','end',values='')
for _ in range(6)]
# insert dates in the currently empty calendar
self._build_calendar()
# set the minimal size for the widget
self._calendar.bind('<Map>',self.__minsize)
def __setitem__(self,item,value):
if item in ('year','month'):
raise AttributeError("attribute '%s' is not writeable" % item)
elif item == 'selectbackground':
self._canvas['background'] = value
elif item == 'selectforeground':
self._canvas.itemconfigure(self._canvas.text,item=value)
else:
ttk.Frame.__setitem__(self,value)
def __getitem__(self,item):
if item in ('year','month'):
return getattr(self._date,item)
elif item == 'selectbackground':
return self._canvas['background']
elif item == 'selectforeground':
return self._canvas.itemcget(self._canvas.text,'fill')
else:
r = ttk.tclobjs_to_py({item: ttk.Frame.__getitem__(self,item)})
return r[item]
def __setup_styles(self):
# custom ttk styles
style = ttk.Style(self.master)
arrow_layout = lambda dir: (
[('Button.focus',{'children': [('Button.%sarrow' % dir,None)]})]
)
style.layout('L.TButton',arrow_layout('left'))
style.layout('R.TButton',arrow_layout('right'))
def __place_widgets(self):
# header frame and its widgets
hframe = ttk.Frame(self)
lbtn = ttk.Button(hframe,style='L.TButton',command=self._prev_month)
rbtn = ttk.Button(hframe,style='R.TButton',command=self._next_month)
self._header = ttk.Label(hframe,width=15,anchor='center')
# the calendar
self._calendar = ttk.Treeview(show='',selectmode='none',height=7)
# pack the widgets
hframe.pack(in_=self,side='top',pady=4,anchor='center')
lbtn.grid(in_=hframe)
self._header.grid(in_=hframe,column=1,row=0,padx=12)
rbtn.grid(in_=hframe,column=2,row=0)
self._calendar.pack(in_=self,expand=1,fill='both',side='bottom')
def __config_calendar(self):
cols = self._cal.formatweekheader(3).split()
self._calendar['columns'] = cols
self._calendar.tag_configure('header',background='grey90')
self._calendar.insert('',values=cols,tag='header')
# adjust its columns width
font = tkFont.Font()
maxwidth = max(font.measure(col) for col in cols)
for col in cols:
self._calendar.column(col,width=maxwidth,minwidth=maxwidth,anchor='e')
def __setup_selection(self,sel_bg,sel_fg):
self._font = tkFont.Font()
self._canvas = canvas = Tkinter.Canvas(self._calendar,background=sel_bg,borderwidth=0,highlightthickness=0)
canvas.text = canvas.create_text(0,fill=sel_fg,anchor='w')
canvas.bind('<ButtonPress-1>',lambda evt: canvas.place_forget())
self._calendar.bind('<Configure>',lambda evt: canvas.place_forget())
self._calendar.bind('<ButtonPress-1>',self._pressed)
def __minsize(self,evt):
width,height = self._calendar.master.geometry().split('x')
height = height[:height.index('+')]
self._calendar.master.minsize(width,height)
def _build_calendar(self):
year,month = self._date.year,self._date.month
# update header text (Month,YEAR)
header = self._cal.formatmonthname(year,0)
self._header['text'] = header.title()
# update calendar shown dates
cal = self._cal.monthdayscalendar(year,month)
for indx,item in enumerate(self._items):
week = cal[indx] if indx < len(cal) else []
fmt_week = [('%02d' % day) if day else '' for day in week]
self._calendar.item(item,values=fmt_week)
def _show_selection(self,text,bbox):
"""Configure canvas for a new selection."""
x,y,width,height = bbox
textw = self._font.measure(text)
canvas = self._canvas
canvas.configure(width=width,height=height)
canvas.coords(canvas.text,width - textw,height / 2 - 1)
canvas.itemconfigure(canvas.text,text=text)
canvas.place(in_=self._calendar,x=x,y=y)
# Callbacks
def _pressed(self,evt):
"""Clicked somewhere in the calendar."""
x,widget = evt.x,evt.y,evt.widget
item = widget.identify_row(y)
column = widget.identify_column(x)
if not column or not item in self._items:
# clicked in the weekdays row or just outside the columns
return
item_values = widget.item(item)['values']
if not len(item_values): # row is empty for this month
return
text = item_values[int(column[1]) - 1]
if not text: # date is empty
return
bbox = widget.bbox(item,column)
if not bbox: # calendar not visible yet
return
# update and then show selection
text = '%02d' % text
self._selection = (text,column)
self._show_selection(text,bbox)
def _prev_month(self):
"""Updated calendar to show the previous month."""
self._canvas.place_forget()
self._date = self._date - self.timedelta(days=1)
self._date = self.datetime(self._date.year,self._date.month,1)
self._build_calendar() # reconstuct calendar
def _next_month(self):
"""Update calendar to show the next month."""
self._canvas.place_forget()
year,self._date.month
self._date = self._date + self.timedelta(
days=calendar.monthrange(year,month)[1] + 1)
self._date = self.datetime(self._date.year,1)
self._build_calendar() # reconstruct calendar
# Properties
@property
def selection(self):
"""Return a datetime representing the current selected date."""
if not self._selection:
return None
year,self._date.month
return self.datetime(year,int(self._selection[0]))
def myfunction():
root2=Tkinter.Toplevel(root)
ttkcal = Calendar(root2,firstweekday=calendar.SUNDAY)
ttkcal.pack(expand=1,fill='both')
root=Tkinter.Tk()
frame=Tkinter.Frame(root)
frame.pack(side="left")
button=Tkinter.Button(root,text="Top level",command=myfunction)
button.pack(side="right")
ttkcal = Calendar(frame,firstweekday=calendar.SUNDAY)
ttkcal.pack(expand=1,fill='both')
root.mainloop()
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