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OSError: libgdal.dylib: 无法打开文件

分类：编程问答

如何解决OSError: libgdal.dylib: 无法打开文件

问题是：由于 OSError: /opt/homebrew/Cellar/gdal/3.3.0_2/lib/libgdal.dylib: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory，Docker 无法正常运行。 我当前的任务只是使用 PostGIS 数据库将 GeoDjango 添加到我现有的 Django dockerized 项目中。我用 postgis/postgis 安装了 postgis 图像。

我但我猜因为 gdal 安装不正确而出现问题。我用 Homebrew 安装了 gdal。老实说，如果我使用 Docker，我不明白为什么我的机器上需要 gdal。

现在我在 MacBook Air（M1，2020 年）和所有软件包的最新版本上使用 Big Sur OS。

我发现了一些类似案例的描述，但与我的不完全相同，原因不同。

我想弄清楚我面临什么样的问题，为什么会出现，以及如何解决。

任何帮助将不胜感激。

详情：

如果我执行 docker compose up，我会看到一个正常的进程开始，然后是一个错误：

(venv) [computer_name]@G-MacBook-Air-2 [project_name] % docker compose up
[+] Running 2/0
 ⠿ Container 64a949117135_[project_name]_db_1 Created 0.0s
⠿ Container 0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 Created 0.0s
Attaching to 0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1,64a949117135_[project_name]_db_1
64a949117135_[project_name]_db_1 | 
64a949117135_[project_name]_db_1 | Postgresql Database directory appears to contain a database; Skipping initialization
64a949117135_[project_name]_db_1 | 
64a949117135_[project_name]_db_1 | 2021-06-25 11:10:50.354 UTC [1] LOG: starting Postgresql 13.3 (Debian 13.3-1.pgdg100+1) on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu,compiled by gcc (Debian 8.3.0-6) 8.3.0,64-bit
64a949117135_[project_name]_db_1 | 2021-06-25 11:10:50.358 UTC [1] LOG: listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0",port 5432
64a949117135_[project_name]_db_1 | 2021-06-25 11:10:50.358 UTC [1] LOG: listening on IPv6 address "::",port 5432
64a949117135_[project_name]_db_1 | 2021-06-25 11:10:50.365 UTC [1] LOG: listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGsql.5432"
64a949117135_[project_name]_db_1 | 2021-06-25 11:10:50.386 UTC [62] LOG: database system shutdown was interrupted; last kNown up at 2021-06-25 11:05:06 UTC
64a949117135_[project_name]_db_1 | 2021-06-25 11:10:50.549 UTC [62] LOG: database system was not properly shut down; automatic recovery in progress
64a949117135_[project_name]_db_1 | 2021-06-25 11:10:50.555 UTC [62] LOG: redo starts at 0/1F45190
64a949117135_[project_name]_db_1 | 2021-06-25 11:10:50.556 UTC [62] LOG: invalid record length at 0/1F451C8: wanted 24,got 0
64a949117135_[project_name]_db_1 | 2021-06-25 11:10:50.556 UTC [62] LOG: redo done at 0/1F45190
64a949117135_[project_name]_db_1 | 2021-06-25 11:10:50.614 UTC [1] LOG: database system is ready to accept connections
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | Exception in thread django-main-thread:
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | Traceback (most recent call last):
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/threading.py",line 954,in _bootstrap_inner
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | self.run()
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/threading.py",line 892,in run
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | self._target(*self._args,**self._kwargs)
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py",line 53,in wrapper
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | fn(*args,**kwargs)
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py",line 110,in inner_run
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | autoreload.raise_last_exception()
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py",line 76,in raise_last_exception
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | raise _exception[1]
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py",line 357,in execute
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | autoreload.check_errors(django.setup)()
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py",**kwargs)
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/__init__.py",line 24,in setup
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py",line 114,in populate
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | app_config.import_models()
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/apps/config.py",line 211,in import_models
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/importlib/__init__.py",line 127,in import_module
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:],package,level)
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>",line 1030,in _gcd_import
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>",line 1007,in _find_and_load
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>",line 986,in _find_and_load_unlocked
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>",line 680,in _load_unlocked
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>",line 855,in exec_module
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>",line 228,in _call_with_frames_removed
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/models.py",line 2,in <module>
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | from django.contrib.auth.base_user import AbstractBaseUser,BaseUserManager
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/base_user.py",line 48,in <module>
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | class AbstractBaseUser(models.Model):
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py",line 122,in __new__
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | new_class.add_to_class('_Meta',Options(Meta,app_label))
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py",line 326,in add_to_class
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | value.contribute_to_class(cls,name)
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/options.py",line 206,in contribute_to_class
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | self.db_table = truncate_name(self.db_table,connection.ops.max_name_length())
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py",line 28,in __getattr__
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | return getattr(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS],item)
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/utils.py",line 214,in __getitem__
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/utils.py",line 111,in load_backend
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | return import_module('%s.base' % backend_name)
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/importlib/__init__.py",level)
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/postgis/base.py",line 6,in <module>
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | from .features import DatabaseFeatures
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/postgis/features.py",line 1,in <module>
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | from django.contrib.gis.db.backends.base.features import BaseSpatialFeatures
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/base/features.py",line 3,in <module>
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | from django.contrib.gis.db import models
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/models/__init__.py",in <module>
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | import django.contrib.gis.db.models.functions # NOQA
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/models/functions.py",in <module>
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | from django.contrib.gis.db.models.fields import BaseSpatialField,GeometryField
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/models/fields.py",in <module>
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | from django.contrib.gis import forms,gdal
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/forms/__init__.py",in <module>
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | from .fields import ( # NOQA
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/forms/fields.py",in <module>
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | from django.contrib.gis.gdal import GDalexception
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/__init__.py",in <module>
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | from django.contrib.gis.gdal.datasource import DataSource
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/datasource.py",line 39,in <module>
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | from django.contrib.gis.gdal.driver import Driver
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/driver.py",line 5,in <module>
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | from django.contrib.gis.gdal.prototypes import ds as vcapi,raster as rcapi
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/prototypes/ds.py",line 9,in <module>
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | from django.contrib.gis.gdal.libgdal import GDAL_VERSION,lgdal
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/gdal/libgdal.py",line 50,in <module>
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | lgdal = CDLL(lib_path)
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/ctypes/__init__.py",line 374,in __init__
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | self._handle = _dlopen(self._name,mode)
0e8ee44abd93_[project_name]_web_1 | OSError: /opt/homebrew/Cellar/gdal/3.3.0_2/lib/libgdal.dylib: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

在地址“/opt/homebrew/Cellar/gdal/3.3.0_2/lib/libgdal.dylib”中，我只看到文件 libgdal.dylib 的快捷方式。我不知道为什么，我需要修复它还是正常的。

settings.py：

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.contrib.gis.db.backends.postgis','NAME': 'postgis','USER': 'postgis','PASSWORD': 'postgis','HOST': 'db','PORT': 5432,}
}

和

GDAL_LIBRARY_PATH = '/opt/homebrew/Cellar/gdal/3.2.2_3/lib/libgdal.dylib'

我的 Dockerfile：

FROM python:3
ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1
workdir /code
copY requirements.txt /code/

RUN pip install -r requirements.txt

RUN apt-get install gdal-bin

copY . /code/

我的 docker_compose.yaml 文件：

version: "3.9"

services:
  db:
    image: postgis/postgis
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_DB=postgres
      - POSTGRES_USER=postgres
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=postgres
      - ALLOW_IP_RANGE=0.0.0.0/0
   
    ports:
      - 5432:5432

  web:
    build: .
    command: python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000
    volumes:
      - .:/code

    ports:
      - "8000:8000"
    depends_on:
      - db

如果我尝试重现此错误，有时几分钟后它会添加类似 64a949117135_[project_name]_db_1  | CREATE EXTENSION ^[[C 或崩溃消息的内容，并且不会继续。

解决方法

在我严格从错误消息中建议的列表中选择 gdal 版本后，问题得到解决。在此之前，我只有最新版本。

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