Flask-SqlAlchemy、Bcrypt、Postgres 编码问题

如何解决Flask-SqlAlchemy、Bcrypt、Postgres 编码问题

我正在从头开始编写我的第一个 API，并且有一个 /login 端点，该端点在使用 bcrypt 验证用户密码时出错，但仅当使用 Postgres 作为我的数据库时，在使用 sqlite3 时才能正常工作。

此外，任何以更好的方式在我的模型或路由中构建任何内容的帮助总是受欢迎的，这是我在 Flask/Python 中的第一个 API，所以我仍在学习。

提前致谢！

错误：

* Running on http://127.0.0.1:5000/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)
[2021-06-22 12:06:14,415] ERROR in app: Exception on /api/v1/login [POST]
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\x4c8\Projects\money_api\venv\lib\site-packages\flask\app.py",line 2070,in wsgi_app
response = self.full_dispatch_request()
File "C:\Users\x4c8\Projects\money_api\venv\lib\site-packages\flask\app.py",line 1515,in full_dispatch_request
rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
File "C:\Users\x4c8\Projects\money_api\venv\lib\site-packages\flask\app.py",line 1513,in full_dispatch_request
rv = self.dispatch_request()
File "C:\Users\x4c8\Projects\money_api\venv\lib\site-packages\flask\app.py",line 1499,in dispatch_request
return self.ensure_sync(self.view_functions[rule.endpoint])(**req.view_args)
File "C:\Users\x4c8\Projects\money_api\routes.py",line 47,in token_get
check = user.verify_password(password)
File "C:\Users\x4c8\Projects\money_api\models.py",line 40,in verify_password
return bcrypt.checkpw(enc_pw,self.password_hash)
File "C:\Users\x4c8\Projects\money_api\venv\lib\site-packages\bcrypt\__init__.py",line 120,in checkpw
raise TypeError("Unicode-objects must be encoded before checking")
TypeError: Unicode-objects must be encoded before checking
127.0.0.1 - - [22/Jun/2021 12:06:14] "POST /api/v1/login HTTP/1.1" 500 -

Models.py 中的用户类：

class User(db.Model,Serializer):
__tablename__ = 'user'
id = db.Column(db.Integer,primary_key=True)
first_name = db.Column(db.String(15),unique=False,nullable=True)
last_name = db.Column(db.String(20),nullable=True)
email = db.Column(db.String(120),unique=True,nullable=False)
password_hash = db.Column(db.String(255),nullable=False)
country = db.Column(db.String(2),nullable=True)
subscription_level = db.Column(db.Integer,default=0)
subscription_purchase_date = db.Column(db.DateTime(),nullable=True)
last_login = db.Column(db.DateTime(),default=datetime.utcNow)
modified_at = db.Column(db.DateTime(),default=datetime.utcNow)
created_at = db.Column(db.DateTime(),default=datetime.utcNow)

# relationships
portfolios = db.relationship('StockPortfolio',foreign_keys='StockPortfolio.fk_user',backref='user',lazy='dynamic',cascade='all,delete-orphan')

@property
def password(self):
    raise AttributeError('password not readable')

@password.setter
def password(self,password):
    enc_pw = password.encode('utf-8')
    self.password_hash = bcrypt.hashpw(enc_pw,bcrypt.gensalt()).decode('utf-8')

def verify_password(self,password):
    enc_pw = password.encode('utf-8')
    return bcrypt.checkpw(enc_pw,self.password_hash)

def serialize(self):
    d = Serializer.serialize(self)
    del d['password_hash']
    del d['modified_at']
    del d['created_at']
    del d['last_login']
    return d

/从 routes.py 登录

# POST /login
@routes.route(api_v1 + 'login',methods=['POST'])
def token_get():
    if request.method == 'POST':
        body = request.get_json()

        # fail on missing params
        if body.get('email') is None:
            return jsonify(msg='email parameter is missing'),422
        if body.get('password') is None:
            return jsonify(msg='password parameter is missing'),422

        # fail on email not in use
        user = User.query.filter_by(email=body.get('email')).first()
        if user is None:
            return jsonify(msg='Email is not in use'),404
        else:
            password = body.get('password')
            check = user.verify_password(password)

            if check:
                # record last login
                user.last_login = datetime.utcNow()

                # prep and return tokens
                access_token = create_access_token(identity=user.id)
                refresh_token = create_refresh_token(identity=user.id)
                return jsonify(msg='login successful',access_token=access_token,refresh_token=refresh_token),200
            else:
                return jsonify(msg='incorrect email or password'),409