为什么我会收到 AttributeError？

如何解决为什么我会收到 AttributeError？

我尝试更改原始代码中的几行，但是当我尝试运行时，出现错误，提示“AttributeError: module 'PngImageFile' has no attribute 'shape'。 但是，我在运行原始代码时没有问题。我应该怎么做才能消除修改后的代码中的这个错误？

这是原始代码：

from skimage.feature import hog,local_binary_pattern
from skimage.transform import pyramid_gaussian
from skimage.io import imread
import joblib
from sklearn.preprocessing import LabelEncoder
from sklearn import svm
from sklearn.metrics import classification_report
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
from skimage import color
from imutils.object_detection import non_max_suppression
import imutils
import numpy as np
import argparse
import cv2
import os
import glob
from sklearn import metrics
from PIL import Image # This will be used to read/modify images (can be done via OpenCV too)
from numpy import *

# define parameters of HOG feature extraction
orientations = 9
pixels_per_cell = (8,8)
cells_per_block = (2,2)
threshold = .3

# define path to images:
dataset_path = r"C:\Users\user\Documents\FYP\Dataset FYP\Train New\Contrast" # path of our dataset
    
# compute HOG features and label them:

for category in category_im_listing: #this loop enables reading the files in the pos_im_listing variable one by one
    im_listing = os.listdir(dataset_path + "/" + category)
    num_im = size(im_listing)
    print("There are " + str(num_im) + " images in category " + str(count + 1))
    for file in im_listing:
        img = Image.open(dataset_path + "/" + category + "/" + file) # open the file
        img = img.resize((150,150))
        gray = img.convert('L') # convert the image into single channel i.e. RGB to grayscale
        # calculate HOG for positive features
        fd = hog(gray,orientations,pixels_per_cell,cells_per_block,block_norm='L2',feature_vector=True)# fd= feature descriptor
        data.append(fd)
        labels.append(count)
    count = count + 1

这是我修改后出错的代码：

    from skimage.feature import hog,local_binary_pattern
    from skimage.transform import pyramid_gaussian
    from skimage.io import imread
    import joblib
    from sklearn.preprocessing import LabelEncoder
    from sklearn import svm
    from sklearn.metrics import classification_report
    from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
    from skimage import color
    from imutils.object_detection import non_max_suppression
    import imutils
    import numpy as np
    import imageio
    from ipynb.fs.full.anna_phog import anna_phog
    import argparse
    import cv2
    import os
    import glob
    from sklearn import metrics
    from PIL import Image # This will be used to read/modify images (can be done via OpenCV too)
    from numpy import *
    
    image_path = r"C:\Users\user\Documents\FYP\me\train"
    
    #MODIFIED
    S = 8
    angle = 360
    Level = 3
    roi = [1,225,1,300]
    save=True
    
    # read the image files:
    category_im_listing = os.listdir(image_path) # it will read all the files in the path
    num_category_im = size(category_im_listing) # simply states the total no. of category
    print("There are " + str(num_category_im) + " categories") # prints the number value of the no.of categories dataset
    data= []
    labels = []
    count = 0
    
    # Modified : I deleted the resize and gray line,and change the fd line into p because I want to extract PHOG instead of HOG
    for category in category_im_listing: #this loop enables reading the files in the pos_im_listing variable one by one
        im_listing = os.listdir(image_path + "/" + category)
        num_im = size(im_listing)
        print("There are " + str(num_im) + " images in category " + str(count + 1))
        for file in im_listing:
            img = Image.open(image_path + "/" + category + "/" + file) # open the file
            # calculate PHOG for positive features
            p = anna_phog(img,bin,angle,Level,roi) #MODIFIED
            data.append(p)
            labels.append(count)
        count = count + 1

这是我在修改后的代码中得到的错误：

    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
AttributeError                            Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-76-9e9360ca5082> in <module>
      8         img = Image.open(image_path + "/" + category + "/" + file) # open the file
      9         # calculate HOG for positive features
---> 10         p = anna_phog(img,roi)# fd= feature descriptor
     11         data.append(p)
     12         labels.append(count)

~\Desktop\FYP\anna_phog.ipynb in anna_phog(Img,L,roi)
     11     "import cv2\n",12     "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt"
---> 13    ]
     14   },15   {

AttributeError: 'PngImageFile' object has no attribute 'shape'

新错误（更新）：

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-11-00f72c361b79> in <module>
      8             img=cv2.imread(image_path + "/" + category + "/" + file) # open the file
      9             # calculate PHOG for positive features
---> 10             p = anna_phog(img,roi) #MODIFIED
     11             data.append(p)
     12             labels.append(count)

~\Desktop\FYP\anna_phog.ipynb in anna_phog(Img,roi)
     35     "        E = cv2.Canny(G,lower,upper) #high and low treshold\n",36     "        GradientX,GradientY = np.gradient(G)\n",---> 37     "        GradientYY = np.gradient(GradientY,axis=1)\n",38     "        \n",39     "        Gr = np.sqrt(np.square(GradientX)+np.square(GradientY))\n",~\Desktop\FYP\anna_phog.ipynb in anna_BinMatrix(A,E,G,bin)
     56     "    p = anna_PhogDescriptor(bh_roi,bv_roi,bin)\n",57     "    return p"
---> 58    ]
     59   },60   {

TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for /: 'int' and 'builtin_function_or_method'

​

解决方法

我在其他门户网站上看到了 anna_phog。

问题是因为这个函数需要 numpy array 但是你用 pillow Image.open() 读取图像并且你必须将 img 转换为 numpy array

img = np.asarry(img)

---

编辑：

会有其他问题。

anna_phog 转换颜色 BGR2GRAY 因为 cv2 在 BGR 中给出颜色而不是 RGB - 但 pillow 在 {{1} 中给出颜色}.所以最好使用 RGB 来读取图像。