如何解决如何对将标点符号分类为空格的单词进行分词
|| 基于这个问题,很快就结束了: 尝试创建一个程序来读取用户输入,然后将数组拆分为单独的单词,我的指针是否全部有效? 我认为与其结束讨论,不如说可以做一些额外的工作来帮助OP澄清问题。 问题: 我想标记用户输入并将标记存储到单词数组中。 我想使用标点符号(。,-)作为分隔符,因此将其从令牌流中删除。 在C语言中,我将使用“ 0”将数组拆分为令牌,然后手动构建数组。 像这样: 主要功能:char **findwords(char *str);
int main()
{
int test;
char words[100]; //an array of chars to hold the string given by the user
char **word; //pointer to a list of words
int index = 0; //index of the current word we are printing
char c;
cout << \"die monster !\";
//a loop to place the charecters that the user put in into the array
do
{
c = getchar();
words[index] = c;
}
while (words[index] != \'\\n\');
word = findwords(words);
while (word[index] != 0) //loop through the list of words until the end of the list
{
printf(\"%s\\n\",word[index]); // while the words are going through the list print them out
index ++; //move on to the next word
}
//free it from the list since it was dynamically allocated
free(word);
cin >> test;
return 0;
}
行标记器:
char **findwords(char *str)
{
int size = 20; //original size of the list
char *newword; //pointer to the new word from strok
int index = 0; //our current location in words
char **words = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *) * (size +1)); //this is the actual list of words
/* Get the initial word,and pass in the original string we want strtok() *
* to work on. Here,we are seperating words based on spaces,commas,*
* periods,and dashes. IE,if they are found,a new word is created. */
newword = strtok(str,\",.-\");
while (newword != 0) //create a loop that goes through the string until it gets to the end
{
if (index == size)
{
//if the string is larger than the array increase the maximum size of the array
size += 10;
//resize the array
char **words = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *) * (size +1));
}
//asign words to its proper value
words[index] = newword;
//get the next word in the string
newword = strtok(0,.-\");
//increment the index to get to the next word
++index;
}
words[index] = 0;
return words;
}
对以上代码的任何评论将不胜感激。
但是,此外,在C ++中实现此目标的最佳技术是什么?
解决方法
看一下Boost令牌生成器,它在C ++上下文中要比
strtok()
好得多。
, 许多问题已经涉及如何在C ++中标记流。
示例:如何使用C ++读取文件并获取单词
但是更难找到的是如何获得与strtok()相同的功能:
基本上,strtok()允许您将字符串拆分为一堆用户定义的字符,而C ++流仅允许您使用white space
作为分隔符。幸运的是,white space
的定义是由语言环境定义的,因此我们可以修改语言环境以将其他字符视为空格,然后使我们能够以更自然的方式标记流。
#include <locale>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>
// This is my facet that will treat the,.- as space characters and thus ignore them.
class WordSplitterFacet: public std::ctype<char>
{
public:
typedef std::ctype<char> base;
typedef base::char_type char_type;
WordSplitterFacet(std::locale const& l)
: base(table)
{
std::ctype<char> const& defaultCType = std::use_facet<std::ctype<char> >(l);
// Copy the default value from the provided locale
static char data[256];
for(int loop = 0;loop < 256;++loop) { data[loop] = loop;}
defaultCType.is(data,data+256,table);
// Modifications to default to include extra space types.
table[\',\'] |= base::space;
table[\'.\'] |= base::space;
table[\'-\'] |= base::space;
}
private:
base::mask table[256];
};
然后,我们可以在本地像这样使用此方面:
std::ctype<char>* wordSplitter(new WordSplitterFacet(std::locale()));
<stream>.imbue(std::locale(std::locale(),wordSplitter));
问题的下一部分是如何将这些单词存储在数组中。好吧,在C ++中您不会。您可以将此功能委托给std :: vector / std :: string。通过阅读您的代码,您将看到您的代码在代码的同一部分中做了两项主要工作。
它正在管理内存。
它正在标记数据。
有一个基本原则“ 8”,您的代码应仅尝试执行以下两项操作之一。它应该执行资源管理(在这种情况下为内存管理),或者应该执行业务逻辑(数据标记)。通过将它们分成不同的代码部分,可以使代码更易于使用和编写。幸运的是,在此示例中,所有资源管理已由std :: vector / std :: string完成,因此使我们能够专注于业务逻辑。
如许多次所示,标记流的简单方法是使用运算符>>和字符串。这会将信息流分解为文字。然后,您可以使用迭代器自动遍历整个流,从而对流进行标记化。
std::vector<std::string> data;
for(std::istream_iterator<std::string> loop(<stream>); loop != std::istream_iterator<std::string>(); ++loop)
{
// In here loop is an iterator that has tokenized the stream using the
// operator >> (which for std::string reads one space separated word.
data.push_back(*loop);
}
如果我们将其与一些标准算法结合起来以简化代码。
std::copy(std::istream_iterator<std::string>(<stream>),std::istream_iterator<std::string>(),std::back_inserter(data));
现在将以上所有内容组合到一个应用程序中
int main()
{
// Create the facet.
std::ctype<char>* wordSplitter(new WordSplitterFacet(std::locale()));
// Here I am using a string stream.
// But any stream can be used. Note you must imbue a stream before it is used.
// Otherwise the imbue() will silently fail.
std::stringstream teststr;
teststr.imbue(std::locale(std::locale(),wordSplitter));
// Now that it is imbued we can use it.
// If this was a file stream then you could open it here.
teststr << \"This,stri,plop\";
cout << \"die monster !\";
std::vector<std::string> data;
std::copy(std::istream_iterator<std::string>(teststr),std::back_inserter(data));
// Copy the array to cout one word per line
std::copy(data.begin(),data.end(),std::ostream_iterator<std::string>(std::cout,\"\\n\"));
}
版权声明:本文内容由互联网用户自发贡献,该文观点与技术仅代表作者本人。本站仅提供信息存储空间服务,不拥有所有权,不承担相关法律责任。如发现本站有涉嫌侵权/违法违规的内容, 请发送邮件至 dio@foxmail.com 举报,一经查实,本站将立刻删除。