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已解析的依赖项中存在不兼容的版本

分类：编程问答

如何解决已解析的依赖项中存在不兼容的版本

我正在尝试运行我的 python 项目，它在我的 Mac 上似乎运行良好（在 pycharm 中最好，但在 VSCode 中不是那么好，但在 VSCode 中运行在我的树莓派上却很糟糕。每当我运行 pipenv shell 和 pipenv install 时，它只会抱怨此错误：

Pipfile.lock (e9a11d) out of date,updating to (47943b)...
Locking [dev-packages] dependencies...
Locking [packages] dependencies...
Building requirements...
Resolving dependencies...
✘ Locking Failed! 
[ResolutionFailure]:   File "/home/nick/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pipenv/resolver.py",line 741,in _main
[ResolutionFailure]:       resolve_packages(pre,clear,verbose,system,write,requirements_dir,packages,dev)
[ResolutionFailure]:   File "/home/nick/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pipenv/resolver.py",line 709,in resolve_packages
[ResolutionFailure]:       requirements_dir=requirements_dir,[ResolutionFailure]:   File "/home/nick/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pipenv/resolver.py",line 692,in resolve
[ResolutionFailure]:       req_dir=requirements_dir
[ResolutionFailure]:   File "/home/nick/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pipenv/utils.py",line 1403,in resolve_deps
[ResolutionFailure]:       req_dir=req_dir,[ResolutionFailure]:   File "/home/nick/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pipenv/utils.py",line 1108,in actually_resolve_deps
[ResolutionFailure]:       resolver.resolve()
[ResolutionFailure]:   File "/home/nick/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pipenv/utils.py",line 833,in resolve
[ResolutionFailure]:       raise ResolutionFailure(message=str(e))
[pipenv.exceptions.ResolutionFailure]: Warning: Your dependencies Could not be resolved. You likely have a mismatch in your sub-dependencies.
  First try clearing your dependency cache with $ pipenv lock --clear,then try the original command again.
 Alternatively,you can use $ pipenv install --skip-lock to bypass this mechanism,then run $ pipenv graph to inspect the situation.
  Hint: try $ pipenv lock --pre if it is a pre-release dependency.
ERROR: Could not find a version that matches graphene-django>=3.0.0b1 (from -r /tmp/pipenvcczdc6ayrequirements/pipenv-eg1jqra7-constraints.txt (line 3))
Tried: 1.0,1.1.0,1.2.0,1.2.1,1.3,2.0.0,2.1.0,2.2.0,2.3.0,2.3.2,2.4.0,2.5.0,2.6.0,2.7.0,2.7.1,2.8.0,2.8.1,2.8.2,2.9.0,2.9.1,2.10.0,2.10.1,2.11.0,2.11.1,2.12.0,2.12.1,2.13.0,2.14.0,2.15.0,2.15.0
Skipped pre-versions: 1.0.dev20160909000001,1.0.dev20160910000001,1.0.dev20160917000001,1.0.dev20160919000001,1.0.dev20160919000002,1.0.dev20160919000003,1.0.dev20160919000004,1.0.dev20160920000001,1.0.dev20160922000001,2.0.dev2017072501,2.0.dev2017072601,2.0.dev2017073101,2.0.dev2017083101,2.1rc0,2.1rc1,3.0.0b1,3.0.0b2,3.0.0b3,3.0.0b4,3.0.0b5,3.0.0b6,3.0.0b7,3.0.0b7
There are incompatible versions in the resolved dependencies:
  graphene-django (from -r /tmp/pipenvcczdc6ayrequirements/pipenv-eg1jqra7-constraints.txt (line 3))
  graphene-django>=3.0.0b1 (from django-graphql-jwt==0.3.2->-r /tmp/pipenvcczdc6ayrequirements/pipenv-eg1jqra7-constraints.txt (line 5))

在运行 pipenv graph（在 pipenv install --skip-lock 之后）后，我没有看到什么不兼容，因为它返回：

django-cors-headers==3.7.0
  - Django [required: >=2.2,installed: 3.2.3]
    - asgiref [required: >=3.3.2,<4,installed: 3.3.4]
      - typing-extensions [required: Any,installed: 3.10.0.0]
    - pytz [required: Any,installed: 2021.1]
    - sqlparse [required: >=0.2.2,installed: 0.4.1]
django-graphql-jwt==0.3.2
  - Django [required: >=1.11,installed: 0.4.1]
  - graphene-django [required: >=3.0.0b1,installed: 3.0.0b7]
    - Django [required: >=2.2,installed: 3.2.3]
      - asgiref [required: >=3.3.2,installed: 3.3.4]
        - typing-extensions [required: Any,installed: 3.10.0.0]
      - pytz [required: Any,installed: 2021.1]
      - sqlparse [required: >=0.2.2,installed: 0.4.1]
    - graphene [required: >=3.0.0b5,installed: 3.0b7]
      - aniso8601 [required: >=8,<9,installed: 8.1.1]
      - graphql-core [required: >=3.1.2,installed: 3.1.5]
      - graphql-relay [required: >=3.0,installed: 3.1.0]
        - graphql-core [required: >=3.1,installed: 3.1.5]
        - typing-extensions [required: >=3.7,installed: 3.10.0.0]
    - graphql-core [required: >=3.1.0,installed: 3.1.5]
    - promise [required: >=2.1,installed: 2.3]
      - six [required: Any,installed: 1.16.0]
    - text-unidecode [required: Any,installed: 1.3]
  - PyJWT [required: >=2,<3,installed: 2.1.0]
Rx==1.6.1
singledispatch==3.6.1
  - six [required: Any,installed: 1.16.0]

似乎每个版本都在版本范围内正确安装，包括它抱怨的graphene-django [required: >=3.0.0b1,installed: 3.0.0b7]。

为什么会发生这个错误？

pip3 list 返回：

Package             Version
------------------- --------
aniso8601           8.1.1
asgiref             3.3.4
Django              3.2.3
django-cors-headers 3.7.0
django-graphql-jwt  0.3.2
graphene            3.0b7
graphene-django     3.0.0b7
graphql-core        3.1.5
graphql-relay       3.1.0
pip                 21.1.1
promise             2.3
PyJWT               2.1.0
pytz                2021.1
Rx                  1.6.1
setuptools          56.0.0
singledispatch      3.6.1
six                 1.16.0
sqlparse            0.4.1
text-unidecode      1.3
typing-extensions   3.10.0.0
wheel               0.36.2

Pipfile：

[[source]]
url = "https://pypi.org/simple"
verify_ssl = true
name = "pypi"

[packages]
django = "*"
django-graphql-jwt = "*"
pyjwt = "1.7.1"
django-cors-headers = "*"
graphene-django = "*"

[requires]
python_version = "3.7"

[dev-packages]

我尝试了很多方法来尝试解决这个问题，但我不知道该从哪里开始。我想在我的 raspBerry pi 上部署这个 python、graphql 和 react 项目，但如果我什至不能让它运行，我想我不能。我正在尝试在我的 raspBerry pi（运行 raspbian）上运行它，它是问题所在的后端 python 应用程序。

任何帮助，任何事情都会非常感激。我是 Python 初学者。

解决方法

您以某种方式设法安装了测试版（例如，在从 Pipfile 中删除选项之前使用了 --pre 标志，或者直接在虚拟环境中使用了 pip）。

现在，因为 django-graphql-jwt 不符合语义版本控制，他们决定依赖一个主要版本，在补丁版本中预发布 ¯\_(ツ)_/¯ .

由于 django-graphql-jtw 的 0.3.1 版本依赖于 >=2.5.1，因此您的 beta 版本仍将匹配，但没有 --pre 标志锁定将失败，因为最高的非 beta 版本是 2.5.1。这就是显示的冲突（但输出不是很清楚）。

应该解决问题的分辨率是：

pipenv uninstall django-graphql-jwt django-graphene graphene graphql
# followed by:
pipenv install 'django-graphql-jwt<0.3.2'
,

根据 PyPI https://pypi.org/project/graphene-django/，问题似乎是 graphene-django 只有 2.15.0 版本。但出于某种原因，在图书馆 django-graphql-jwt 的这个 commit 中，它要求 版本 3.0.0b1。我认为这是您日志中显示的问题：

ERROR: Could not find a version that matches graphene-django>=3.0.0b1 (from -r /tmp/pipenvcczdc6ayrequirements/pipenv-eg1jqra7-constraints.txt (line 3))

显然在此 commit 中仍支持最新的 graphene-django 版本。所以我的猜测是可能降级为：

django-graphql-jwt="0.3.1"

而不是 0.3.2 应该可以解决问题。在这种情况下，您可以向他们报告问题。

,

实际上 Pipenv 没有足够智能的依赖解析器。我遇到了类似的问题并切换到 poetry。 Poetry 会将您的依赖项解析为与约束匹配且彼此不冲突的最新版本。 Poetry 也比 Pipenv 快得多，并提供更好的用户体验。

# pyproject.toml

[build-system]
requires = ["poetry>=1.12"]
build-backend = "poetry.masonry.api"

[tool.poetry]
name = "sample"
version = "0.1.0"
description = "Sample"
authors = []

[tool.poetry.dependencies]
python = "~3.7"

django = "*"
django-graphql-jwt = "*"
pyjwt = "1.7.1"
django-cors-headers = "*"
graphene-django = "*"

在外壳中：

$ poetry --version
Poetry version 1.1.6

$ poetry lock
Updating dependencies
Resolving dependencies... (15.3s)

Writing lock file

$ poetry install
Installing dependencies from lock file

Package operations: 17 installs,0 updates,0 removals

  • Installing six (1.16.0)
  • Installing promise (2.3)
  • Installing rx (1.6.1)
  • Installing graphql-core (2.3.2)
  • Installing typing-extensions (3.10.0.0)
  • Installing aniso8601 (7.0.0)
  • Installing asgiref (3.3.4)
  • Installing graphql-relay (2.0.1)
  • Installing pytz (2021.1)
  • Installing django (3.2.3)
  • Installing graphene (2.1.8)
  • Installing singledispatch (3.6.2)
  • Installing text-unidecode (1.3)
  • Installing graphene-django (2.15.0)
  • Installing pyjwt (1.7.1)
  • Installing django-cors-headers (3.7.0)
  • Installing django-graphql-jwt (0.3.1)

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