字段“id”需要一个数字但得到“logout_view”

如何解决字段“id”需要一个数字但得到“logout_view”

我尝试添加新路径，结果发生了

Field 'id' expected a number but got 'logout_view'.

在 pycharm 终端中，我遇到了其他错误 o.O

ValueError: Field 'id' expected a number but got 'favicon.ico'.

文件：

urls.py ->

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from Artykuly.views import *

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin',admin.site.urls),path('',index,name='index'),path('<category_id>',category,name='category'),path('artykul/<category_id>',article,name='article'),path('login',login_view,name='login_view'),path('register',register_view,name='register_view'),path('logout',logout_view,name='logout_view'),]

views.py

from django.contrib.auth import login
from django.contrib.auth import authenticate,login,logout
from django.shortcuts import render,redirect
from django.http import HttpResponse
from .models import Category,Article
from .forms import LoginForm,RegisterForm
# Create your views here.


def index(request):
    Categories = Category.objects.all()
    dane = {
        'Categories': Categories
    }
    return render(request,'template.html',dane)


def category(request,category_id):
    category_user = Category.objects.get(pk=category_id)
    article_data = Article.objects.filter(category_id=category_id).all()
    Categories = Category.objects.all()
    dane = {
        'category_user': category_user,'article_data': article_data,'Categories': Categories,}
    return render(request,'category.html',dane)


def article(request,category_id):
    article = Article.objects.get(pk=category_id)
    article_user = Article.objects.filter(pk=category_id)
    Categories = Category.objects.all()
    dane = {
        'article': article,'article_user': article_user,'artykul.html',dane)


def register_view(request):
    form = RegisterForm(request.POST or None)
    if form.is_valid():
        username = form.cleaned_data.get("username")
        email = form.cleaned_data.get("email")
        password = form.cleaned_data.get("password1")
        password2 = form.cleaned_data.get("password2")
        try:
            user = User.objects.create_user(username,email,password)
        except:
            user = None
        if user != None:
            login(request,user)
            return redirect("/")
        else:
            request.session['register_error'] = 1
    return render(request,'forms.html',{'form': form})


def login_view(request):
    form = LoginForm(request.POST or None)
    if form.is_valid():
        username = form.cleaned_data.get("username")
        password = form.cleaned_data.get("password")
        user = authenticate(request,username=username,password=password)
        if user != None:
            login(request,user)
            return redirect("/")
        else:
            request.session['invalid_user'] = 1
    return render(request,{'form': form})


def logout_view(request):
    logout(request)
    return redirect("login")

回溯->

Environment:


Request Method: GET
Request URL: http://127.0.0.1:8000/logout_view

Django Version: 3.2
Python Version: 3.8.6
Installed Applications:
['django.contrib.admin','django.contrib.auth','django.contrib.contenttypes','django.contrib.sessions','django.contrib.messages','django.contrib.staticfiles','Artykuly']
Installed Middleware:
['django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware','django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware','django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware','django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware','django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware','django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware','django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware']



Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:\Program Files (x86)\Python\Blog\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\fields\__init__.py",line 1823,in get_prep_value
    return int(value)

The above exception (invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'logout_view') was the direct cause of the following exception:
  File "D:\Program Files (x86)\Python\Blog\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\exception.py",line 47,in inner
    response = get_response(request)
  File "D:\Program Files (x86)\Python\Blog\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py",line 181,in _get_response
    response = wrapped_callback(request,*callback_args,**callback_kwargs)
  File "D:\Program Files (x86)\Python\Blog\Blog\Artykuly\views.py",line 19,in category
    category_user = Category.objects.get(pk=category_id)
  File "D:\Program Files (x86)\Python\Blog\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\manager.py",line 85,in manager_method
    return getattr(self.get_queryset(),name)(*args,**kwargs)
  File "D:\Program Files (x86)\Python\Blog\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\query.py",line 424,in get
    clone = self._chain() if self.query.combinator else self.filter(*args,line 941,in filter
    return self._filter_or_exclude(False,args,kwargs)
  File "D:\Program Files (x86)\Python\Blog\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\query.py",line 961,in _filter_or_exclude
    clone._filter_or_exclude_inplace(negate,line 968,in _filter_or_exclude_inplace
    self._query.add_q(Q(*args,**kwargs))
  File "D:\Program Files (x86)\Python\Blog\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\sql\query.py",line 1396,in add_q
    clause,_ = self._add_q(q_object,self.used_aliases)
  File "D:\Program Files (x86)\Python\Blog\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\sql\query.py",line 1415,in _add_q
    child_clause,needed_inner = self.build_filter(
  File "D:\Program Files (x86)\Python\Blog\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\sql\query.py",line 1350,in build_filter
    condition = self.build_lookup(lookups,col,value)
  File "D:\Program Files (x86)\Python\Blog\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\sql\query.py",line 1196,in build_lookup
    lookup = lookup_class(lhs,rhs)
  File "D:\Program Files (x86)\Python\Blog\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\lookups.py",line 25,in __init__
    self.rhs = self.get_prep_lookup()
  File "D:\Program Files (x86)\Python\Blog\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\lookups.py",line 77,in get_prep_lookup
    return self.lhs.output_field.get_prep_value(self.rhs)
  File "D:\Program Files (x86)\Python\Blog\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\fields\__init__.py",line 1825,in get_prep_value
    raise e.__class__(

Exception Type: ValueError at /logout_view
Exception Value: Field 'id' expected a number but got 'logout_view'.

解决方法

发生这种情况的原因是因为你的模式：

path('<category_id>',category,name='category'),

由于您没有指定路径转换器的类型，它被假定为string，因此匹配所有字符串，包括 favicons.ico。但这可能不起作用，因为这背后的观点 (category) 预计 category_id 是 int。

您可以将 category_id 指定为带有 <int:category_id> 的数字序列：

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin',admin.site.urls),path('',index,name='index'),path('<int:category_id>',path('artykul/<int:category_id>',article,name='article'),path('login',login_view,name='login_view'),path('register',register_view,name='register_view'),path('logout',logout_view,name='logout_view'),]

这也是login、logout等不会被触发的原因：因为如果你不指定category_id是一个数字序列，它会匹配的第一个路径，因此它会“触发”category。

另一个错误：

Field 'id' expected a number but got 'logout_view'.

可能是因为 URL（例如在 <a …> 标记中）使用 logout_view 作为 URL，您应该为此使用 {% url … } template tag [Django-doc]。