在 MacOS Big Sur 11.3 上升级 Python 2.7.16 库

如何解决在 MacOS Big Sur 11.3 上升级 Python 2.7.16 库

为了确认使用 python2 从 scipy 使用 Cubicspline 对插值进行编码的同事的结果，我必须导入 CubicSpline 函数。我知道 python2 已被弃用，但这只是为了验证。

但是当我做一个：

from scipy.interpolate import CubicSpline

我有系统的错误信息：

ImportError: cannot import name CubicSpline

所以，我尝试通过以下方式使用 pip-2.7 安装它：

curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/pip/2.7/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py

python2.7 get-pip.py

之后来自目录 ~/Library/Python/2.7/bin :

./pip2.7 install scipy

但同样的错误，找不到CubicSpline

我有版本：

$ which python2.7
/usr/bin/python2.7

所以python2.7是系统默认的python2。

如何在操作系统默认安装的 CubicSpline 上安装 python2.7 库？

我必须重新安装所有的 python2.7 框架吗？如果是，如何执行？

更新 1

情况变得更糟了：

在做了 $ python2.7 -m pip install scipy numpy 之后我现在：

$ python2.7
Python 2.7.16 (v2.7.16:413a49145e,Mar  2 2019,14:32:10)
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 6.0 (clang-600.0.57)] on darwin
Type "help","copyright","credits" or "license" for more information.
(.startup.py)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/fab/.startup.py",line 3,in <module>
    import numpy as np
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/__init__.py",line 142,in <module>
    from . import core
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/__init__.py",line 71,in <module>
    raise ImportError(msg)
ImportError:

IMPORTANT: PLEASE READ THIS FOR ADVICE ON HOW TO SOLVE THIS ISSUE!

Importing the multiarray numpy extension module Failed.  Most
likely you are trying to import a Failed build of numpy.
Here is how to proceed:
- If you're working with a numpy git repository,try `git clean -xdf`
  (removes all files not under version control) and rebuild numpy.
- If you are simply trying to use the numpy version that you have installed:
  your installation is broken - please reinstall numpy.
- If you have already reinstalled and that did not fix the problem,then:
  1. Check that you are using the Python you expect (you're using /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Resources/Python.app/Contents/MacOS/Python),and that you have no directories in your PATH or PYTHONPATH that can
     interfere with the Python and numpy versions you're trying to use.
  2. If (1) looks fine,you can open a new issue at
     https://github.com/numpy/numpy/issues.  Please include details on:
     - how you installed Python
     - how you installed numpy
     - your operating system
     - whether or not you have multiple versions of Python installed
     - if you built from source,your compiler versions and ideally a build log

     Note: this error has many possible causes,so please don't comment on
     an existing issue about this - open a new one instead.

Original error was: dlopen(/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/_multiarray_umath.so,2): Symbol not found: ___addtf3
  Referenced from: /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/../.dylibs/libquadmath.0.dylib
  Expected in: /usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib
 in /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/../.dylibs/libquadmath.0.dylib

最后，我决定使用 Macport，但是当我使用时仍然有问题：

$ /opt/local/bin/python2.7

Original error was: dlopen(/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/_multiarray_umath.so,2): Symbol not found: ___addtf3
  Referenced from: /opt/local/lib/libgcc/libquadmath.0.dylib
  Expected in: /usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib
 in /opt/local/lib/libgcc/libquadmath.0.dylib

在 Big Sur，我看到文件 libSystem.B.dylib 不再存在。

如何规避所有这些问题？

更新 2

事情好多了，但还没有全部完成。

我从 MacPorts 中删除了 python2.7 以及位于 python2* 中的无用的 /usr/local/bin/ 类型的二进制文件。

现在，我只有来自 python2.7 的二进制 /usr/bin/python2.7 :

WARNING: Python 2.7 is not recommended.
This version is included in macOS for compatibility with legacy software.
Future versions of macOS will not include Python 2.7.
Instead,it is recommended that you transition to using 'python3' from within Terminal.

Python 2.7.16 (default,Feb 28 2021,12:34:25)
[GCC Apple LLVM 12.0.5 (clang-1205.0.19.59.6) [+internal-os,ptrauth-isa=deploy on darwin
Type "help","credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import numpy
>>> import scipy
>>> from scipy.interpolate import CubicSpline
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>",line 1,in <module>
ImportError: cannot import name CubicSpline
>>>

如您所见，numpy 和 scipy 加载良好，但此行仍然存在此问题：from scipy.interpolate import CubicSpline

我想知道这个库 CubicSpline 的位置。确实，最近可以make run一个“python2.7”的代码版本，这个函数CubicSpline的加载和使用都没有问题。

numpy 的 OS System 版本的 scipy 和 python2.7 的存储位置

更新 3

我终于找到了问题的来源。 CubicSpline 似乎只适用于 scipy > 0.18。但是在我的 MacBook 上，如果我这样做：

$ import scipy
  scipy.version.version

我明白了：

>>> scipy.version.version
            '0.13.0b1'

有没有办法升级 MacOS Big Sur Python 2.7 默认系统的 scipy（我的意思是不使用 Brew/Macports）？

更新 4

我什么都不懂，在装有 Big Sur 11.3 的类似 MacBook Pro 上，如果我懂的话：

/usr/bin/python2.7