尝试为我的问题添加重新启动按键但面临遭遇

如何解决尝试为我的问题添加重新启动按键但面临遭遇

所以我试图使用 Freecodeacademy 在 Youtube 上的免费课程来构建这个游戏（请随意查看它们），完成后我尝试将我自己的重启密钥日志添加到游戏中。从某种意义上说，我希望如果人们按下 R，游戏就会重新开始。

我尝试了以下方法

将游戏循环放在一个单独的函数中，并尝试使用递归来一遍又一遍地重播该函数，但是当游戏运行时，子弹图像或背景等图像不会加载，因此它会加载不能正常工作
我还尝试在同一个项目中创建一个新的 python 文件，并尝试使用 importlib.reload(main) 一遍又一遍地导入主文件，但我似乎也无法这样做。>

我想知道还有什么解决方案，以及是否有更有效的解决方案。我将在下面留下我的代码，并希望得到任何帮助。

Ps：我现在只是编码的一个骨架，所以我知道这个问题可能很小而且很愚蠢，但我确实想从我的失败和错误中吸取教训。另外，如果我的问题有任何问题，我深表歉意。这是我关于堆栈溢出的第一个问题。

import pygame
import random
import math
from pygame import mixer

pygame.init()  # This is to Initialise the game
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800,600))  # create screen and set height

# Background
background = pygame.image.load('background.png')

# Background sound
mixer.music.load("background.wav")
mixer.music.play(-1)

# Title and Icon
pygame.display.set_caption("Space Invaders")
icon = pygame.image.load('ufo.png')
pygame.display.set_icon(icon)

# Player
playerImg = pygame.image.load("space-invaders.png")
playerX = 370
playerY = 480
playerX_change = 0


def player(x,y):  # This function is used to display the value on the screen
    screen.blit(playerImg,(x,y))  # Blit is used to display stuff on the screen


# Enemy
enemyImg = []
enemyX = []
enemyY = []
enemyX_change = []
enemyY_change = []
num_of_enemies = 6
for i in range(num_of_enemies):
    enemyImg.append(pygame.image.load("invader.png"))
    enemyX.append(random.randint(0,736))
    enemyY.append(random.randint(50,150))
    enemyX_change.append(4)
    enemyY_change.append(40)


def enemy(x,y,i):  # This function is used to display the value on the screen
    screen.blit(enemyImg[i],y))  # Blit is used to display stuff on the screen


# Bullet
bulletImg = pygame.image.load('bullet.png')
bulletX = 0
bulletY = 480
bulletX_change = 0
bulletY_change = 10
bullet_state = "ready"  # Ready state means bullet has not yet been fired,we use this as a bool

# score
score_value = 0
font = pygame.font.Font('freesansbold.ttf',16)
textx = 10
textY = 10

# Game Over Text
over_font = pygame.font.Font("freesansbold.ttf",64)


def show_score(x,y):
    over_text = font.render("score: " + str(score_value),True,(255,255,255))
    screen.blit(over_text,y))


def game_over_text():
    over_text = over_font.render("GAME OVER ",(200,250))


def fire_bullet(x,y):
    global bullet_state
    bullet_state = "fire"
    screen.blit(bulletImg,(x + 16,y + 10))


def isCollision(enemyX,enemyY,bulletX,bulletY):
    distance = math.sqrt((math.pow(enemyX - bulletX,2)) + (math.pow(enemyY - bulletY,2)))
    if distance < 27:
        return True
    else:
        return False


# Game Loop
running = True
while running:

    # Background color
    screen.fill((0,0))

    # Background image
    screen.blit(background,(0,0))

    for event in pygame.event.get():  # pygame.event.get() function is used to create a container of every action done
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:  # Close game when cross is clicked
            running = False

        # Recording Keystrokes
        if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:  # KEYDOWN is used to check if key is pressed
            if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
                playerX_change -= 5
            if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
                playerX_change += 5
            if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:  # Bullet Shot
                if bullet_state == "ready":
                    bullet_sound = mixer.sound("laser.wav")
                    bullet_sound.play()
                    bulletX = playerX
                    fire_bullet(bulletX,playerY)
            if event.key == pygame.K_r:
                restart = True

        if event.type == pygame.KEYUP:  # KEYUP is used to kNow if the key is released
            if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT or event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
                playerX_change = 0

    # Player Call
    playerX += playerX_change

    # Setting Boundaries
    if playerX <= 0:
        playerX = 0
    if playerX >= 736:
        playerX = 736

    for i in range(num_of_enemies):
        # Game Over
        if enemyY[i] > 440:
            for j in range(num_of_enemies):
                enemyY[j] = 2000
            game_over_text()
            break

        enemyX[i] += enemyX_change[i]
        if enemyX[i] <= 0:
            enemyX_change[i] = 4
            enemyY[i] += enemyY_change[i]
        elif enemyX[i] >= 736:
            enemyX_change[i] = -4
            enemyY += enemyY_change

        # Collision
        collision = isCollision(enemyX[i],enemyY[i],bulletY)
        if collision:
            explosion_sound = mixer.sound("explosion.wav")
            explosion_sound.play()
            bulletY = 480
            score_value += 1
            bullet_state = "ready"
            enemyX[i] = random.randint(0,736)
            enemyY[i] = random.randint(50,150)

        enemy(enemyX[i],i)

    # Bullet Movement
    if bulletY <= 0:
        bulletY = 480
        bullet_state = "ready"

    if bullet_state == "fire":
        fire_bullet(bulletX,bulletY)
        bulletY -= bulletY_change

    player(playerX,playerY)
    show_score(textx,textY)

    # Constantly updates the changes
    pygame.display.update()

解决方法

编写一个函数来重置游戏运行时改变的任何变量：

enemy_image = pygame.image.load("invader.png")

def resetGame():
    global playerX,playerY,playerX_change
    global enemyImg,enemyX,enemyY,enemyX_change,enemyY_change
    global score_value
    global bulletX,bulletY,bulletX_change,bulletY_change,bullet_state

    playerX = 370
    playerY = 480
    playerX_change = 0

    enemyImg = []
    enemyX = []
    enemyY = []
    enemyX_change = []
    enemyY_change = []
    num_of_enemies = 6
    for i in range(num_of_enemies):
        enemyImg.append(enemy_image)
        enemyX.append(random.randint(0,736))
        enemyY.append(random.randint(50,150))
        enemyX_change.append(4)
        enemyY_change.append(40)

    bulletX = 0
    bulletY = 480
    bulletX_change = 0
    bulletY_change = 10
    bullet_state = "ready" 

    score_value = 0

如果游戏需要重新启动，则调用该函数一次。您甚至可以在应用程序循环之前调用该函数，而无需设置所有变量。