如何解决Django - 处理完整性错误并显示错误弹出
我的model.py文件如下。我创建了一个共轭主键 date & station。
Models.py
from django.db import models
from django import forms
# Create your models here.
from django.db import models
from django.conf import settings
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
# Create your models here.
class ManHour(models.Model):
class Meta:
unique_together = (('date','station'),)
station_choices = (
('KHI','Station1'),('ISB','Station2'),('LHE','Station3'),)
station = models.CharField(
max_length=3,choices=station_choices,)
date = models.DateField()
date_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_Now=True)
imports_airside = models.DecimalField(max_digits= 5,decimal_places= 3,default = 0)
imports_landside = models.DecimalField(max_digits= 5,default = 0)
exports = models.DecimalField(max_digits= 5,default = 0)
Form.py
from django import forms
from manhourapp.models import ManHour
from datetime import date
class DateInput(forms.DateInput):
input_type = 'date'
class InputForm(forms.ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = ManHour
fields = ['date','station','imports_airside','imports_landside','exports']
widgets = {
'date':forms.widgets.DateInput(attrs={'type': 'date','max':str(date.today())})
}
Views.py
def form_page(request):
context = {}
try:
man_hour = ManHour.objects.get(pk=request.GET.get("pk"))
except ManHour.DoesNotExist:
man_hour = None
if man_hour:
context["Total_Imports"] = man_hour.imports_airside + man_hour.imports_landside
if man_hour:
context["Total_Hours"] = man_hour.imports_airside + man_hour.imports_landside + man_hour.exports
if request.method == 'POST':
properties_Form = InputForm(request.POST,instance=man_hour)
if properties_Form.is_valid():
obj = properties_Form.save()
return redirect("%s?pk=%s" % (reverse('form'),obj.pk))
else:
context['form']= InputForm(instance=man_hour)
return render(request,"form.html",context)
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.5.1/jquery.min.js" async></script>
</head>
<body>
<form target="upload_frame" action="." method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data" >
{% csrf_token %}
{{ form.as_p }}<br>
<input type="text" name="Total_Imports" value="{{ Total_Imports }}" class="form-control" disabled><br>
<input type="text" name="Total_Hours" value="{{ Total_Hours }}" class="form-control" disabled><br>
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="Upload" id="submit">
<div class="user_panel">
<a href="/logout">logout</a>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
我是 Django 的新手，我想了解如何显示一个弹出窗口，告诉用户该日期和车站的记录已经存在。
try:
if request.method == 'POST':
properties_Form = InputForm(request.POST,obj.pk))
except IntegrityError as e:
error_message = e.__cause__
print(error_message)
解决方法
Django 中的 Form 类将为您执行验证和清理。它不会引发错误，而是自己捕获它们，因此使用 try-except 没有多大意义，因为表单本身已经捕获了错误。
相反，您只需要在 .is_valid() 返回 False 的情况下返回响应。此外，表单本身会在您呈现时呈现错误以将其显示给用户，因此您应该再次呈现相同的页面：
if request.method == 'POST':
properties_Form = InputForm(request.POST,instance=man_hour)
if properties_Form.is_valid():
obj = properties_Form.save()
return redirect("%s?pk=%s" % (reverse('form'),obj.pk))
context['form'] = properties_Form
return render(request,"form.html",context) # form was not valid so returning a response here
如果您想自定义生成的错误消息，您可以通过在表单的 error_messages 类上设置 Meta 属性来实现（请参阅 Considerations regarding model’s error_messages [Django docs]）：
from django.core.exceptions import NON_FIELD_ERRORS
class InputForm(forms.ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = ManHour
fields = ['date','station','imports_airside','imports_landside','exports']
widgets = {
'date':forms.widgets.DateInput(attrs={'type': 'date','max':str(date.today())})
}
error_messages = {
NON_FIELD_ERRORS: {
'unique_together': "%(model_name)s's %(field_labels)s are not unique.",}
}
版权声明：本文内容由互联网用户自发贡献，该文观点与技术仅代表作者本人。本站仅提供信息存储空间服务，不拥有所有权，不承担相关法律责任。如发现本站有涉嫌侵权/违法违规的内容， 请发送邮件至 dio@foxmail.com 举报，一经查实，本站将立刻删除。
