如何解决在 Ubuntu 中,如何检查 .tar不是 tar.gz文件是否已损坏?
tar: Unexpected EOF in archive
tar: rmtlseek not stopped at a record boundary
tar: Error is not recoverable: exiting Now
两个问题:
- 该文件可能已损坏,但我如何检查
.tar
是否已损坏? - 当它向我显示文件
ebd_sampling_relFeb-2021.txt.gz
然后继续解压时,是否意味着ebd_sampling_relFeb-2021.txt.gz
被完全解压但.tar
中的其他内容出错了?
我试图用谷歌搜索这个问题 (https://www.google.com/search?channel=fs&client=ubuntu&q=check+if+tar+is+corrupt%3F),但大多数人谈论的是 tar.gz
而不是 .tar
。
解决方法
询问有关 Linux 的问题时,请尝试说明您遇到错误的发行版。它可能会帮助其他人更好地理解问题,进而更好地帮助您。
好的,现在进入答案。
您可以使用 7zip 轻松测试存档是否已损坏。如果尚未安装通过 p7zip
软件包分发的 7zip,请使用与您的 Linux 分发版匹配的以下命令之一进行安装。
Ubuntu:sudo apt install p7zip
Fedora/Cent OS/RHEL:sudo yum install p7zip
Arch/Manjaro:sudo pacman -S p7zip
要检查是否已成功安装,请运行 7z
。您应该会看到类似这样的输出:
7-Zip [64] 17.03 : Copyright (c) 1999-2020 Igor Pavlov : 2017-08-28
p7zip Version 17.03 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,64 bits,4 CPUs x64)
Usage: 7z <command> [<switches>...] <archive_name> [<file_names>...]
<Commands>
a : Add files to archive
b : Benchmark
d : Delete files from archive
e : Extract files from archive (without using directory names)
h : Calculate hash values for files
i : Show information about supported formats
l : List contents of archive
rn : Rename files in archive
t : Test integrity of archive
u : Update files to archive
x : eXtract files with full paths
<Switches>
-- : Stop switches parsing
@listfile : set path to listfile that contains file names
-ai[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : Include archives
-ax[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : eXclude archives
-ao{a|s|t|u} : set Overwrite mode
-an : disable archive_name field
-bb[0-3] : set output log level
-bd : disable progress indicator
-bs{o|e|p}{0|1|2} : set output stream for output/error/progress line
-bt : show execution time statistics
-i[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : Include filenames
-m{Parameters} : set compression Method
-mmt[N] : set number of CPU threads
-mx[N] : set compression level: -mx1 (fastest) ... -mx9 (ultra)
-o{Directory} : set Output directory
-p{Password} : set Password
-r[-|0] : Recurse subdirectories
-sa{a|e|s} : set Archive name mode
-scc{UTF-8|WIN|DOS} : set charset for for console input/output
-scs{UTF-8|UTF-16LE|UTF-16BE|WIN|DOS|{id}} : set charset for list files
-scrc[CRC32|CRC64|SHA1|SHA256|*] : set hash function for x,e,h commands
-sdel : delete files after compression
-seml[.] : send archive by email
-sfx[{name}] : Create SFX archive
-si[{name}] : read data from stdin
-slp : set Large Pages mode
-slt : show technical information for l (List) command
-snh : store hard links as links
-snl : store symbolic links as links
-sni : store NT security information
-sns[-] : store NTFS alternate streams
-so : write data to stdout
-spd : disable wildcard matching for file names
-spe : eliminate duplication of root folder for extract command
-spf : use fully qualified file paths
-ssc[-] : set sensitive case mode
-ssw : compress shared files
-stl : set archive timestamp from the most recently modified file
-stm{HexMask} : set CPU thread affinity mask (hexadecimal number)
-stx{Type} : exclude archive type
-t{Type} : Set type of archive
-u[-][p#][q#][r#][x#][y#][z#][!newArchiveName] : Update options
-v{Size}[b|k|m|g] : Create volumes
-w[{path}] : assign Work directory. Empty path means a temporary directory
-x[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : eXclude filenames
-y : assume Yes on all queries
现在,如您所见,您可以运行以下命令来测试特定存档是否已损坏。 将 archive_name 替换为要测试的 .tar 文件的文件名。
7z t archive_name.tar
就我而言,存档 test.tar 包含 2 个文件并且是健康的。以下是我收到的输出。
7-Zip [64] 17.03 : Copyright (c) 1999-2020 Igor Pavlov : 2017-08-28
p7zip Version 17.03 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,4 CPUs x64)
Scanning the drive for archives:
1 file,10240 bytes (10 KiB)
Testing archive: test.tar
--
Path = test.tar
Type = tar
Physical Size = 10240
Headers Size = 2048
Code Page = UTF-8
Everything is Ok
Files: 2
Size: 7980
Compressed: 10240
可以看到输出了“一切正常”,表示存档正常。
现在我故意使相同的存档损坏。现在让我们看看 7z t test.tar
输出什么。
7-Zip [64] 17.03 : Copyright (c) 1999-2020 Igor Pavlov : 2017-08-28
p7zip Version 17.03 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,10224 bytes (10 KiB)
Testing archive: test1.tar
ERROR: test1.tar
test1.tar
Open ERROR: Can not open the file as [tar] archive
ERRORS:
Is not archive
Can't open as archive: 1
Files: 0
Size: 0
Compressed: 0
您可以看到它输出各种消息,例如“无法将文件打开为 [tar] 存档。”和“不是存档”。如果您的存档已损坏,您可能会收到类似或相同的消息。
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