如何将 Rust 应用程序从 macOS x86 交叉编译到 macOS Silicon？

如何解决如何将 Rust 应用程序从 macOS x86 交叉编译到 macOS Silicon？

我想将一个 Rust 程序从我的 x86 Mac 交叉编译成一个可以在 Silicon Mac 上运行的二进制文件，但我无法弄清楚链接。

我有：

运行 macOS 10.15.7 Catalina 的 x86 Mac
A Rust project called riff
cargo 1.51.0 (43b129a20 2021-03-16) 最近使用 rustup
Xcode 版本 12.4 (12D4e)

我想将它编译成可以在硅 (ARM) Mac 上运行的二进制文件。这可能是以下之一：

特定于硅的二进制文件
可以在芯片或 x86 上运行的通用二进制文件

我有 tried（到 ./release.sh --dry）：

rustup target add aarch64-apple-darwin
cargo build --release --target=aarch64-apple-darwin

结果太长，无法贴在这里，所以摘录：

   Compiling riff v0.1.0 (/Users/johan/src/riff)
error: linking with `cc` Failed: exit code: 1
  |
  = note: "cc" "-arch arm64" "-L" "/Users/johan/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-apple-darwin/lib/rustlib/aarch64-apple-darwin/lib" "/Users/johan/src/riff/target/aarch64-apple-darwin/release/deps/riff.1g47gi93dk96t2va.rcgu.o" ... "/Users/johan/src/riff/target/aarch64-apple-darwin/release/deps/riff.thread_local-9baf7723f72eef37.thread_local.7fl1y1d9-cgu.9.rcgu.o.rcgu.o" "/Users/johan/src/riff/target/aarch64-apple-darwin/release/deps/riff.unwind-082f7f4ff792426f.unwind.7rkx2ya0-cgu.0.rcgu.o.rcgu.o" "-o /Users/johan/src/riff/target/aarch64-apple-darwin/release/deps/riff" "-Wl,-dead_strip" "-nodefaultlibs" "-L" "/Users/johan/src/riff/target/aarch64-apple-darwin/release/deps" "-L" "/Users/johan/src/riff/target/release/deps" "-L" "/Users/johan/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-apple-darwin/lib/rustlib/aarch64-apple-darwin/lib" "/Users/johan/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-apple-darwin/lib/rustlib/aarch64-apple-darwin/lib/libcompiler_builtins-9eb7dc999785b765.rlib" "-lSystem" "-lresolv" "-lc" "-lm"
  = note: ld: warning: ignoring file /Library/Developer/CommandLinetools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/lib/libresolv.tbd,missing required architecture arm64 in file /Library/Developer/CommandLinetools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/lib/libresolv.tbd
          ld: warning: ignoring file /Library/Developer/CommandLinetools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/lib/libm.tbd,missing required architecture arm64 in file /Library/Developer/CommandLinetools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/lib/libm.tbd
          ld: warning: ignoring file /Library/Developer/CommandLinetools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/lib/libc.tbd,missing required architecture arm64 in file /Library/Developer/CommandLinetools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/lib/libc.tbd
          ld: warning: ignoring file /Library/Developer/CommandLinetools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/lib/libSystem.tbd,missing required architecture arm64 in file /Library/Developer/CommandLinetools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/lib/libSystem.tbd
          Undefined symbols for architecture arm64:
            "__tlv_atexit",referenced from:
                std::sys::unix::thread_local_dtor::register_dtor::h4ece0fa32a190720 in riff.std-e40bd6a3af835df4.std.5bd9rdky-cgu.0.rcgu.o.rcgu.o
...
            "_free",referenced from:
                alloc::raw_vec::finish_grow::hd210c40bc8674cab (.llvm.18296587876935678160) in riff.addr2line-220464f1af330a49.addr2line.6xizm3st-cgu.1.rcgu.o.rcgu.o
                addr2line::path_push::hf1048f2514c3ed28 in riff.addr2line-220464f1af330a49.addr2line.6xizm3st-cgu.5.rcgu.o.rcgu.o
                alloc::raw_vec::finish_grow::ha5f485527a5c6598 in riff.addr2line-a950b2eed913eb15.addr2line.1hygsg7c-cgu.0.rcgu.o.rcgu.o
                addr2line::path_push::h891160d400ff153e in riff.addr2line-a950b2eed913eb15.addr2line.1hygsg7c-cgu.0.rcgu.o.rcgu.o
                core::ptr::drop_in_place$LT$aho_corasick..prefilter..Packed$GT$::h03bcd2abfab8068d in riff.aho_corasick-5d6c900557669556.aho_corasick.4z4l4vb2-cgu.0.rcgu.o.rcgu.o
                core::ptr::drop_in_place$LT$aho_corasick..packed..pattern..Patterns$GT$::h0c7fda104debb352 in riff.aho_corasick-5d6c900557669556.aho_corasick.4z4l4vb2-cgu.0.rcgu.o.rcgu.o
                core::ptr::drop_in_place$LT$alloc..vec..Vec$LT$alloc..vec..Vec$LT$u8$GT$$GT$$GT$::h75f2b558c0581f8d in riff.aho_corasick-5d6c900557669556.aho_corasick.4z4l4vb2-cgu.0.rcgu.o.rcgu.o
                ...
               (maybe you meant: alloc::alloc::Box_free::ha8718384ecb60252 (.llvm.10945926475227631812),alloc::alloc::Box_free::h58e664059c03effd (.llvm.10945926475227631812),alloc::alloc::Box_free::h75cae1a8684a32ce (.llvm.8938487907768303252),alloc::alloc::Box_free::h0459f8e1bcc5ae0a (.llvm.8938487907768303252),alloc::alloc::Box_free::hc3b2f94f9be4da06 (.llvm.7882408235892284297),alloc::alloc::Box_free::h75cae1a8684a32ce (.llvm.7882408235892284297),alloc::alloc::Box_free::h0459f8e1bcc5ae0a (.llvm.11547294393004044273),alloc::alloc::Box_free::hcc8806ce168336a8 (.llvm.2537316772799228199),alloc::alloc::Box_free::h305ed20a6d3d49c7 (.llvm.11075277010792284734),alloc::alloc::Box_free::h384e6b725c5ad166 (.llvm.7882408235892284297),alloc::alloc::Box_free::h0459f8e1bcc5ae0a (.llvm.7882408235892284297),alloc::alloc::Box_free::hb8cf920d803cfa22 (.llvm.4992613404806278909),alloc::alloc::Box_free::h90dd1ed16b644fc1 (.llvm.9562203231941335137),alloc::alloc::Box_free::h9e3286b91a0737ba (.llvm.4992613404806278909),alloc::alloc::Box_free::h75cae1a8684a32ce (.llvm.11547294393004044273) )
          ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture arm64
          clang: error: linker command Failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)

解决方法

添加合适的目标

rustup target add aarch64-apple-darwin

使用 macOS 11.x SDK ¹ 编译您的代码：

SDKROOT=$(xcrun -sdk macosx11.1 --show-sdk-path) \
MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=$(xcrun -sdk macosx11.1 --show-sdk-platform-version) \
cargo build --target=aarch64-apple-darwin

这会生成一个单一架构的二进制文件：

file target/aarch64-apple-darwin/debug/riff
target/aarch64-apple-darwin/debug/riff: Mach-O 64-bit executable arm64

1 — 通过 xcodebuild -showsdks 查找当前可用的 SDK。