如何解决为什么即使 JUnit4 在我的有效 pom.xml 中也无法识别 JUnit4 导入?
我的 Eclipse 项目中出现构建错误,如下所示:
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
The import org.junit.Assert cannot be resolved
但是如果你看到有效的 pom.xml,JUnit4 依赖就在那里:
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.13</version>
</dependency>
如果我将此依赖项显式添加到我的 pom.xml
中,错误就会消失。
为什么会这样?如果它已经存在,不应该使用它吗?
这是我的pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.3.3.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.product</groupId>
<artifactId>test</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>Test</name>
<description>Project</description>
<properties>
<java.version>8</java.version>
<azure.version>2.3.3</azure.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/ch.qos.logback/logback-classic -->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/de.flapdoodle.embed/de.flapdoodle.embed.mongo -->
<dependency>
<groupId>de.flapdoodle.embed</groupId>
<artifactId>de.flapdoodle.embed.mongo</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.redisson</groupId>
<artifactId>redisson</artifactId>
<version>3.14.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.microsoft.azure</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-starter-azure-storage</artifactId>
<version>1.2.8</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-devtools -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.hibernate.javax.persistence/hibernate-jpa-2.1-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistence</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.1-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0.2.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
<version>2.9.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
<version>2.9.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.modelmapper/modelmapper -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.modelmapper</groupId>
<artifactId>modelmapper</artifactId>
<version>2.3.8</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.microsoft.azure</groupId>
<artifactId>azure-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-beanutils/commons-beanutils -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId>
<version>1.9.4</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.persistence/persistence-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.persistence</groupId>
<artifactId>persistence-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.integration/spring-integration-core -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.integration</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-integration-core</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-rest</artifactId>
</dependency> -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-data-mongodb</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.querydsl/querydsl-mongodb -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.querydsl</groupId>
<artifactId>querydsl-mongodb</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.querydsl/querydsl-apt -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.querydsl</groupId>
<artifactId>querydsl-apt</artifactId>
<!--<version>4.3.1</version> -->
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.microsoft.azure</groupId>
<artifactId>applicationinsights-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>2.5.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.microsoft.azure</groupId>
<artifactId>applicationinsights-logging-logback</artifactId>
<version>2.5.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/junit/junit -->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.junit.jupiter/junit-jupiter-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!-- ID generator repo setup -->
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>gitlab-maven</id>
<url>https://gitlab.com/api/v4/projects/22715350/packages/maven</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
<distributionManagement>
<repository>
<id>gitlab-maven</id>
<url>https://gitlab.com/api/v4/projects/22715350/packages/maven</url>
</repository>
<snapshotRepository>
<id>gitlab-maven</id>
<url>https://gitlab.com/api/v4/projects/22715350/packages/maven</url>
</snapshotRepository>
</distributionManagement>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.microsoft.azure</groupId>
<artifactId>azure-spring-boot-bom</artifactId>
<version>${azure.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>com.mysema.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>apt-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.1.3</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>process</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/generated-sources/java</outputDirectory>
<processor>
org.springframework.data.mongodb.repository.support.MongoAnnotationProcessor
</processor>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
解决方法
您提到的依赖项在 dependencyManagement
中,而不是在依赖项中。这意味着您必须简单地编写依赖项,但没有版本(将由 spring-boot 父级控制),当然您必须像这样添加 scope:test:
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
,
Spring Boot 使用的是 JUnit 5,如果您想使用 mvn test
运行 JUnit4 测试,您必须删除排除项:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
老式引擎运行 JUnit4 测试。
作为 khmarbaise,您必须添加测试编译的 Junit 4:
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
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