在 .Net Core 中为单元测试编写更好的装置 GetClientsInteractorTest.csGetClientsInteractorTestsFixture.cs

如何解决在 .Net Core 中为单元测试编写更好的装置 GetClientsInteractorTest.csGetClientsInteractorTestsFixture.cs

我对 .Net Core 中的单元测试还很陌生。我正在为 Interactor 类编写单元测试，该类的职责是使用 Client 依赖项通过电子邮件或名称获取IClientGateway。我使用过 XUnit、Moq.AutoMock 和 FluentAssertions。

GetClientsInteractorTest.cs

[Trait("Clients","GetClientsInteractor")]
[Collection(nameof(GetClientsInteractorTestsCollectionFixture))]
public class GetClientsInteractorTests
{
    private readonly GetClientsInteractorTestsFixture fixture;

    public GetClientsInteractorTests(GetClientsInteractorTestsFixture fixture) =>
        this.fixture = fixture;

    [Theory(displayName = "should return clients in clientsGateway")]
    [MemberData(nameof(GetClientsInteractorTestsFixture.Params),MemberType = typeof(GetClientsInteractorTestsFixture))]
    public async Task ShouldReturnClients(IEnumerable<Client> mockedClients,CancellationTokenSource cancellationTokenSource,GetClientsRequest request,GetClientsResponse expectedResponse)
    {
        // Arrange
        fixture.Mocker.GetMock<IClientGateway>()
            .Setup(ClientGateway => ClientGateway.GetByNameAsync(request.Name,cancellationTokenSource.Token))
            .ReturnsAsync(mockedClients.Where(client => client.Name.Equals(request.Name)))
            .Verifiable();
        fixture.Mocker.GetMock<IClientGateway>()
            .Setup(ClientGateway => ClientGateway.GetByEmailAsync(request.Email,cancellationTokenSource.Token))
            .ReturnsAsync(mockedClients.Where(client => client.Email.Equals(request.Email)))
            .Verifiable();
        // Act
        GetClientsResponse actualResponse =
            await fixture.Mocker.CreateInstance<GetClientsInteractor>()
            .Handle(request,cancellationTokenSource.Token);
        // Assert
        if(request.Name != null)
            fixture.Mocker.GetMock<IClientGateway>()
                .Verify(mock => mock.GetByNameAsync(request.Name,cancellationTokenSource.Token),Times.Once(),"GetByNameAsync was not called");
        else if (request.Email != null)
            fixture.Mocker.GetMock<IClientGateway>()
                .Verify(mock => mock.GetByEmailAsync(request.Email,"GetByEmailAsync was not called");
        actualResponse.Should()
            .Be(expectedResponse);
    }
}

GetClientsInteractorTestsFixture.cs

public class GetClientsInteractorTestsFixture
{
    public AutoMocker Mocker = new AutoMocker(MockBehavior.Strict);

    public static IEnumerable<Client> mockedClients = new Client[] {
            new Client()
            {
                ClientId = 1,Name = "Victor",Email = "[e-mail]"
            },};

    public static CancellationTokenSource cancellationTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();

    public static IEnumerable<object[]> Params = new[]
    {
        new object[]
        {
            mockedClients,cancellationTokenSource,new GetClientsRequest(),new GetClientsResponse()
        },new object[]
        {
            mockedClients,new GetClientsRequest(){ Name = "Victor" },new GetClientsResponse(){ Clients = new List<ClientDto>()
                {
                    new ClientDto()
                    {
                        Id = 1,Email = "[e-mail]"
                    }
                }
            }
        },new GetClientsRequest(){ Email = "[e-mail]"},};
}

单元测试本身 (ShouldReturnClients) 起初非常简单，但它需要 4 个参数（加上 AutoMocker）作为测试装置，可在 GetClientsInteractorTestsFixture 中找到。有没有更好的方法通过减少重复来制作这个测试装置？也许使用类似 AutoFixture 的东西？

解决方法

简短的回答是 - 是的，AutoFixture 可以帮助您减少样板文件并保持测试干燥。 下面是您使用 AutoFixture 进行的测试可能看起来像什么。 有关使用 AutoFixture 的更多详细信息，您可以访问 documentation，查看 Pluralsight course，在 Mark Seeman 的 blog 上阅读 AutoFixture，或在 AutoFixture 的 GitHub Q&A section 上寻求帮助。

[Theory]
[MemberAutoDomainData(nameof(GetClientsInteractorTestsFixture.Params))]
public async Task ReturnsExpectedResponse(
    GetClientsRequest request,GetClientsResponse expectedResponse,GetClientsInteractor sut)
{
    var actual = await sut.Handle(request,default);

    actual.Should().Be(expectedResponse);
}

[Theory]
[MemberAutoDomainData(nameof(GetClientsInteractorTestsFixture.ParamsWithName))]
public async Task RequestsClientsByNameWhenRequestContainsName(
    [Frozen] Mock<IClientGateway> gateway,GetClientsRequest request,GetClientsInteractor sut)
{
    await sut.Handle(request,default);

    gateway.Verify(
        x => x.GetByNameAsync(request.Name,It.IsAny<CancellationToken>()),Times.Once(),"GetByNameAsync was not called");
}

[Theory]
[MemberAutoDomainData(nameof(GetClientsInteractorTestsFixture.Params))]
public async Task RequestsClientsByNameWhenRequestNameEmpty(
    [Frozen] Mock<IClientGateway> gateway,default);

    gateway.Verify(
        x => x.GetByEmailAsync(request.Email,"GetByEmailAsync was not called");
}