最新的 SFTP python 包和最佳实践

如何解决最新的 SFTP python 包和最佳实践

我一直在寻找 SFTP python 包，ftpretty 对我来说很好用： https://pypi.org/project/ftpretty/ 但我想使用更安全的协议。

PySftp 显然有点过时了（编辑：看来 pysftp 仍然经常使用，关于错误请见下文）： https://bitbucket.org/dundeemt/pysftp/src/master/

并在 Win10、PyCharm、Python3.6 上抛出了几个错误：

C:\Users\bobin\PycharmProjects\classtest\venv\lib\site-packages\pysftp\__init__.py:61: UserWarning: Failed to load HostKeys from C:\Users\bobin\.ssh\known_hosts.  You will need to explicitly load HostKeys (cnopts.hostkeys.load(filename)) or disableHostKey checking (cnopts.hostkeys = None).
  warnings.warn(wmsg,UserWarning)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Users/bobin/PycharmProjects/classtest/pysftptest.py",line 7,in <module>
    with pysftp.Connection(host=myHostname,username=myUsername,password=myPassword) as sftp:
  File "C:\Users\bobin\PycharmProjects\classtest\venv\lib\site-packages\pysftp\__init__.py",line 132,in __init__
    self._tconnect['hostkey'] = self._cnopts.get_hostkey(host)
  File "C:\Users\bobin\PycharmProjects\classtest\venv\lib\site-packages\pysftp\__init__.py",line 71,in get_hostkey
    raise SSHException("No hostkey for host %s found." % host)
paramiko.ssh_exception.SSHException: No hostkey for host s233.goserver.host found.
Exception ignored in: <bound method Connection.__del__ of <pysftp.Connection object at 0x00000235B0695048>>
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\bobin\PycharmProjects\classtest\venv\lib\site-packages\pysftp\__init__.py",line 1013,in __del__
    self.close()
  File "C:\Users\bobin\PycharmProjects\classtest\venv\lib\site-packages\pysftp\__init__.py",line 784,in close
    if self._sftp_live:
AttributeError: 'Connection' object has no attribute '_sftp_live'

Process finished with exit code 1

这个线程似乎与我有关，但它已经 12 岁了： SFTP in Python? (platform independent) 而且 paramiko 包也给我带来了错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\bobin\PycharmProjects\classtest\venv\lib\site-packages\paramiko\sftp_client.py",line 130,in __init__
    server_version = self._send_version()
  File "C:\Users\bobin\PycharmProjects\classtest\venv\lib\site-packages\paramiko\sftp.py",line 134,in _send_version
    t,data = self._read_packet()
  File "C:\Users\bobin\PycharmProjects\classtest\venv\lib\site-packages\paramiko\sftp.py",line 201,in _read_packet
    x = self._read_all(4)
  File "C:\Users\bobin\PycharmProjects\classtest\venv\lib\site-packages\paramiko\sftp.py",line 188,in _read_all
    raise EOFError()
EOFError

During handling of the above exception,another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Users/bobin/PycharmProjects/classtest/paramikotest.py",line 12,in <module>
    sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)
  File "C:\Users\bobin\PycharmProjects\classtest\venv\lib\site-packages\paramiko\sftp_client.py",line 170,in from_transport
    return cls(chan)
  File "C:\Users\bobin\PycharmProjects\classtest\venv\lib\site-packages\paramiko\sftp_client.py",in __init__
    raise SSHException("EOF during negotiation")
paramiko.ssh_exception.SSHException: EOF during negotiation

Process finished with exit code 1

到目前为止我明白我可能需要一个密钥文件，我可以通过首先使用例如连接到我的网络空间来找到它。文件目录： How To Extract SFTP SSH Key From Key Cache in FileZilla FTP Client

我的问题是：如何与我的主机 webgo 建立 SFTP 连接：https://www.webgo.de/hilfe/content/76/52/de/was-ist-sftp.html

编辑：不提供 host_key 如下：

import pysftp
cnopts = pysftp.CnOpts()
cnopts.hostkeys = None

myHostname = "host"
myUsername = "user"
myPassword = "pass"


with pysftp.Connection(host=myHostname,password=myPassword,cnopts=cnopts,port=22) as sftp:
    print("Connection succesfully stablished ... ")
    sftp.put('C:\TEMP\Capture.PNG',preserve_mtime=True)

仍然因为没有提供 host_keys 给我一个错误：

C:\Users\bobin\PycharmProjects\classtest\venv\lib\site-packages\pysftp\__init__.py:61: UserWarning: Failed to load HostKeys from C:\Users\bobin\.ssh\known_hosts.  You will need to explicitly load HostKeys (cnopts.hostkeys.load(filename)) or disableHostKey checking (cnopts.hostkeys = None).
  warnings.warn(wmsg,UserWarning)

EDIT2：尝试过 Prettyftp，但我的提供商拒绝连接：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Users/bobin/PycharmProjects/classtest/testftp.py",line 15,in <module>
    f.put('C:\TEMP\Capture.PNG','Capture230.PNG')
  File "C:\Users\bobin\PycharmProjects\classtest\venv\lib\site-packages\ftpretty.py",line 119,in put
    self.conn.storbinary('STOR %s' % remote_file,local_file)
  File "C:\Users\bobin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\ftplib.py",line 513,in storbinary
    return self.voidresp()
  File "C:\Users\bobin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\ftplib.py",line 249,in voidresp
    resp = self.getresp()
  File "C:\Users\bobin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\ftplib.py",line 242,in getresp
    raise error_temp(resp)
ftplib.error_temp: 425 Unable to build data connection: Operation not permitted

使用以下代码片段，再次设置secure=False：

from ftpretty import ftpretty

# Minimal
f = ftpretty('host','user','pass',port=21,secure=True)
f.put('C:\TEMP\Capture.PNG','Capture230.PNG')
f.close()

解决方法

对于第一个错误，它似乎是 pysftp 中的一个错误。

你可以看看第76行的Connection类here，属性_sftp_live是在第134行定义的，所以这肯定是运行时发生的错误而不是正确验证。我还找到了这个 related error，这可能解释了这个问题的原因；如果您想明确修复它，错误中也会提到解决方案。

我仍会考虑使用 ftpretty。它确实使用 TLS 来保证安全性和非常安全的包装器，您可以通过将 secure 参数设置为 True (secure=True) 来启用它 - 默认情况下设置为 False。>