如何解决从 Dockerfile 构建 Docker 镜像的问题
我的任务是使用 ubuntu:18.10 从我自己的 Dockerfile 创建一个 docker 容器，并在该容器中运行 pdflatex。我的系统是 MacOs，我的 Dockerfile 看起来像这样：
FROM ubuntu:18.10
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install texlive-fonts-recommended \
texlive-generic-recommended \
texlive-latex-extra \
texlive-fonts-extra \
dvipng \
texlive-latex-recommended \
texlive-base \
texlive-pictures \
texlive-lang-cyrillic \
texlive-science \
cm-super \
texlive-generic-extra
CMD ["bash"]
我在终端中输入这一行，同时在 Dockerfile 所在的目录中：
docker build .
我得到的输出是这样的：
[+] Building 1.7s (5/5) FINISHED
=> [internal] load build deFinition from Dockerfile 0.0s
=> => transferring dockerfile: 455B 0.0s
=> [internal] load .dockerignore 0.0s
=> => transferring context: 2B 0.0s
=> [internal] load Metadata for docker.io/library/ubuntu:18.10 0.0s
=> CACHED [1/2] FROM docker.io/library/ubuntu:18.10 0.0s
=> ERROR [2/2] RUN apt-get update && apt-get install texlive-fonts-recom 1.6s
------
> [2/2] RUN apt-get update && apt-get install texlive-fonts-recommended texlive-generic-recommended texlive-latex-extra texlive-fonts-extra dvipng texlive-latex-recommended texlive-base texlive-pictures texlive-lang-cyrillic texlive-science cm-super texlive-generic-extra:
#5 1.239 Ign:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic InRelease
#5 1.291 Ign:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-updates InRelease
#5 1.343 Ign:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-backports InRelease
#5 1.366 Ign:4 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-security InRelease
#5 1.394 Err:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic Release
#5 1.394 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.142 80]
#5 1.447 Err:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-updates Release
#5 1.447 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.142 80]
#5 1.482 Err:7 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-security Release
#5 1.482 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.39 80]
#5 1.497 Err:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-backports Release
#5 1.498 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.142 80]
#5 1.507 Reading package lists...
#5 1.537 E: The repository 'http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic Release' does not have a Release file.
#5 1.538 E: The repository 'http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-updates Release' does not have a Release file.
#5 1.539 E: The repository 'http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-security Release' does not have a Release file.
#5 1.540 E: The repository 'http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-backports Release' does not have a Release file.
------
executor Failed running [/bin/sh -c apt-get update && apt-get install texlive-fonts-recommended texlive-generic-recommended texlive-latex-extra texlive-fonts-extra dvipng texlive-latex-recommended texlive-base texlive-pictures texlive-lang-cyrillic texlive-science cm-super texlive-generic-extra]: exit code: 100
据我所知，为 pdflatex 安装包时出现问题，但我不明白错误是什么以及如何修复它。你能告诉我该怎么做吗？
解决方法
不推荐使用默认存储库。
将 /etc/apt/sources.list 中的存储库 *.ubuntu.com 替换为 old-releases.ubuntu.com，并使用以下内容（这是整个 Dockerfile）：
FROM ubuntu:18.10
RUN sed -i 's/archive.ubuntu.com/old-releases.ubuntu.com/g' /etc/apt/sources.list
RUN sed -i 's/security.ubuntu.com/old-releases.ubuntu.com/g' /etc/apt/sources.list
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y texlive-fonts-recommended \
texlive-generic-recommended \
texlive-latex-extra \
texlive-fonts-extra \
dvipng \
texlive-latex-recommended \
texlive-base \
texlive-pictures \
texlive-lang-cyrillic \
texlive-science \
cm-super \
texlive-generic-extra
CMD ["bash"]
请注意，我在 -y 命令中添加了 apt-get install，因为我想自动同意安装。
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