Python 中 Mechanize 库的 HTTP 401 错误

如何解决Python 中 Mechanize 库的 HTTP 401 错误

我正在尝试使用机械化 python 库登录无线电配置页面以提取一些数据。如图所示运行基本测试后，出现此错误

import mechanize

br = mechanize.browser()
br.open("http://192.168.2.101/")

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/user_nw/Documents/dev/performace_details.py",line 5,in <module>
    br.open("http://192.168.2.101/")
  File "/home/user_nw/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/mechanize/_mechanize.py",line 257,in open
    return self._mech_open(url_or_request,data,timeout=timeout)
  File "/home/user_nw/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/mechanize/_mechanize.py",line 313,in _mech_open
    raise response
mechanize._response.httperror_seek_wrapper: HTTP Error 401: Authorization required

所以，我尝试了这个验证码，它似乎对很多用户都有效：

from base64 import b64encode
import mechanize

url = 'http://192.168.2.101/'
username = 'admin'
password = 'admin'

b64login = b64encode('%s:%s' % (username,password))

br = mechanize.browser()

br.addheaders.append(('Authorization','Basic %s' % b64login))

br.open(url)
r = br.response()
data = r.read()

print(data)

但是，我现在收到此错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/user_nw/Documents/dev/performace_details.py",line 8,in <module>
    b64login = b64encode('%s:%s' % (username,password))
  File "/usr/lib/python3.8/base64.py",line 58,in b64encode
    encoded = binascii.b2a_base64(s,newline=False)
TypeError: a bytes-like object is required,not 'str'

我尝试使用 bytes() 或 encode() 对登录参数进行编码，但似乎没有任何效果。可能是什么问题？谢谢！