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如何集成测试 SoapCore 端点？

分类：编程问答

如何解决如何集成测试 SoapCore 端点？

我在 .net core 3.1 应用程序中使用 SoapCore，并且为使用 Web 应用程序工厂的控制器设置了集成测试策略，例如

for(int i = 0; i < 8; i++)

这适用于我的控制器集成测试，如下所示：

internal class IntegrationTestApplicationFactory<TStartup> : WebApplicationFactory<TStartup>
        where TStartup : class
    {
        public HttpClient CreateConfiguredHttpClient()
        {
            var client = this.CreateClient(new WebApplicationFactoryClientOptions
            {
                AllowAutoRedirect = false
            });

            return client;
        }
    }

但我现在正在尝试测试一些使用 SoapCore 工作的soap端点。这是在启动文件中：

[Fact]
public async Task OrderDelivery_norequestBody_ReturnsBadRequest()
{
    var xml = ...
    var response = await _client
            .PostAsync("http://localhost/api/myController",new StringContent(xml));;
    var responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsstringAsync();

    response.StatusCode.Should().Be(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest);
    responseBody.Should().Contain("Invalid XML");
}

wsdl 文件是预先生成的。

然后在我的测试项目中，我通过浏览到 wsdl 文件添加了一个连接的服务，并编写了这个测试主体：

public static IApplicationBuilder AddSoapCoreEndpoints(this IApplicationBuilder app,IConfiguration 
    config,IHostEnvironment env)
{
    var settings = config.GetSection("FileWSDL").Get<WsdlFileOptions>();
    settings.AppPath = env.ContentRootPath;

    app.Map("/service",x =>
    {
        x.UseSoapEndpoint<IService>("/MyService.svc",new BasicHttpBinding(),SoapSerializer.XmlSerializer,false,null,settings);
    });
}

我收到此异常：

    var endpoint = new EndpointAddress("http://localhost/service/MyService.svc");
    var binding = new BasicHttpBinding(BasicHttpSecurityMode.None);
    var client = new MyServiceClient(binding,endpoint);
    var response = await client.DoSomething();

没有内在的例外。

有趣的是，虽然这通过使用我的控制器测试使用的相同客户端给了我 200：

System.ServiceModel.EndpointNotFoundException: 'There was no endpoint listening at http://localhost/service/MyService.svc that Could accept the message. This is often caused by an incorrect address or SOAP action. See InnerException,if present,for more details.'

查看 Connected Services > MyService > Reference 我可以看到有一个基于引用的端口，这有点令人担忧，但我相信我在测试正文中指定的新端点应该意味着不会被使用。 

await _client.GetAsync("http://localhost/service/MyService.svc");

解决方法

基于@Craig (OP) 的回答代码的更新，但适用于您没有生成的 WCF 客户端的情况。在此答案中进一步提供了具有完整设置的 IMySoapSvc 代码。

using System;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Testing;
using MyMicroservice;
using MyMicroservice.SoapSvc;
using Xunit;

namespace XUnitTestProject.Craig
{
    public class WcfWebApplicationFactoryTest : IClassFixture<WebApplicationFactory<Startup>>
    {
        private readonly WebApplicationFactory<Startup> _factory;

        public WcfTest(WebApplicationFactory<Startup> factory)
        {
            _factory = factory;
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task sayHello_normalCond_receive_HelloWorld()
        {
            await Task.Delay(1); // because of some issues with WebApplicationFactory,test method needs to be async

            var endpoint = new EndpointAddress(new Uri("http://localhost/MyService.svc"));
            var binding = new BasicHttpBinding(BasicHttpSecurityMode.None);
            using var channelFactory = new ChannelFactory<IMySoapSvc>(binding,endpoint);

            // entry point for code from @Craig
            channelFactory.Endpoint.InterceptRequestsWithHttpClient(_factory.CreateClient());

            var wcfClient = channelFactory.CreateChannel();
            var response = wcfClient.SayHello();

            Assert.Equal("Hello world",response);
        }
    }
}

使用 SOAP 客户端的替代方法是使用常规 POST 请求。

以下是支持 SOAP 1.1 和 1.2 的简单 Hello World SOAP 服务的分步说明。最后，有几个使用 WebApplicationFactory 的测试，然后使用 ChannelFactory。

添加此 Nuget（或可用时更新）

<PackageReference Include="SoapCore" Version="1.1.0.7" />

SOAP 服务

using System.ServiceModel;

namespace MyMicroservice.SoapSvc
{
    [ServiceContract(Name = "MySoapSvc",Namespace = "http://www.mycompany.no/mysoap/")]
    public interface IMySoapSvc
    {
        [OperationContract(Name = "sayHello")]
        string SayHello();
    }

    public class MySoapSvc : IMySoapSvc
    {
        public string SayHello()
        {
            return "Hello world";
        }
    }
}

启动#ConfigureServices

using var iisUrlRewriteStreamReader = File.OpenText("RewriteRules.xml");
var options = new RewriteOptions()
   .AddIISUrlRewrite(iisUrlRewriteStreamReader);
app.UseRewriter(options);

services.AddSingleton<IMySoapSvc,MySoapSvc>();

启动#配置

var soap12Binding = new CustomBinding(new TextMessageEncodingBindingElement(MessageVersion.Soap12WSAddressingAugust2004,System.Text.Encoding.UTF8),new HttpTransportBindingElement());

app.UseSoapEndpoint<IMySoapSvc>("/MyService.svc",new BasicHttpBinding(),SoapSerializer.XmlSerializer);
            
app.UseSoapEndpoint<IMySoapSvc>("/MyService12.svc",soap12Binding,SoapSerializer.XmlSerializer);

重写规则以在 SOAP 1.1/1.2 之间拆分。将其放在 RewriteRules.xml 与 Startup.cs 相同的文件夹中。

<rewrite>
  <rules>
    <rule name="Soap12" stopProcessing="true">
      <match url="(.*)\.svc" />
      <conditions>
        <add input="{REQUEST_METHOD}" pattern="^POST$" />
        <add input="{CONTENT_TYPE}" pattern=".*application/soap\+xml.*" />
      </conditions>
      <action type="Rewrite" url="/{R:1}12.svc" appendQueryString="false" />
    </rule>
  </rules>
</rewrite>

您需要在 RewriteRules.xml

的项目文件中使用它 
<ItemGroup>
    <None Update="RewriteRules.xml">
      <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
    </None>
</ItemGroup>

最后是测试。在这里，我们可以看到 SOAP 1.1 和 SOAP 1.2 请求之间的详细差异。

using System.Net;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Testing;
using MyMicroservice;
using Xunit;

namespace XUnitTestProject
{
    public class BasicTests : IClassFixture<WebApplicationFactory<Startup>>
    {
        private readonly WebApplicationFactory<Startup> _factory;

        public BasicTests(WebApplicationFactory<Startup> factory)
        {
            _factory = factory;
        }

        [Theory]
        [InlineData("/MyService.svc")]
        public async Task helloWorld_validEnvelope11_receiveOk(string url) {
            const string envelope = @"<?xml version=""1.0"" encoding=""utf-8""?>
              <soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi=""http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance""
                             xmlns:xsd=""http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema""
                             xmlns:soap=""http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"">
              <soap:Body>
                <sayHello xmlns=""http://www.mycompany.no/mysoap/""></sayHello>
              </soap:Body>
            </soap:Envelope>";

            var client = _factory.CreateClient();
            client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("SOAPAction","http://localhost/mysoap/sayHello");

            var response = await client
                .PostAsync(url,new StringContent(envelope,Encoding.UTF8,"text/xml"));

            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.OK,response.StatusCode);
            Assert.Contains("Hello world",await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync());
        }

        [Theory]
        [InlineData("/MyService.svc")]
        public async Task helloWorld_validEnvelope12_receiveOk(string url)
        {
            const string envelope = @"<?xml version=""1.0"" encoding=""utf-8""?>
                <soap12:Envelope xmlns:xsi=""http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance""
                                 xmlns:xsd=""http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema""
                                 xmlns:soap12=""http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope"">
                <soap12:Body >
                    <sayHello xmlns=""http://www.mycompany.no/mysoap/""></sayHello>
                </soap12:Body>
            </soap12:Envelope>";

            var client = _factory.CreateClient();

            var response = await client
                .PostAsync(url,"application/soap+xml"));

            Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.OK,await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync());
        }
    }
}

另一种方法是使用 ChannelFactory 获取在端口 5000 上运行的普通主机的客户端。为此，我们需要在测试基类中启动 Web 环境。这种方法的运行速度明显快于 WebApplicationFactory。请参阅此答案末尾的屏幕截图。

using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using MyMicroservice;
using Xunit;

namespace XUnitTestProject
{
    public class HostFixture : IAsyncLifetime
    {
        private IHost _host;

        public async Task InitializeAsync()
        {
            _host = CreateHostBuilder().Build();
            await _host.StartAsync();
        }

        public async Task DisposeAsync()
        {
            await _host.StopAsync();
            _host.Dispose();
        }

        private static IHostBuilder CreateHostBuilder() =>
            Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(Array.Empty<string>())
                .ConfigureWebHostDefaults(webBuilder =>
                {
                    webBuilder.UseStartup<Startup>();
                });
    }
}

然后是测试类。这是非常标准的代码。

using System;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Channels;
using MyMicroservice.SoapSvc;
using Xunit;

namespace XUnitTestProject
{
    public class WcfTest : IClassFixture<HostFixture>
    {
        [Theory]
        [InlineData("http://localhost:5000/MyService.svc")]
        public void sayHello_normalCond_receiveHelloWorld11(string url)
        {
            var binding = new BasicHttpBinding();
            var endpoint = new EndpointAddress(new Uri(url));
            using var channelFactory = new ChannelFactory<IMySoapSvc>(binding,endpoint);

            var serviceClient = channelFactory.CreateChannel();
            var response = serviceClient.SayHello();
            Assert.Equal("Hello world",response);
        }

        [Theory]
        [InlineData("http://localhost:5000/MyService.svc")]
        public void sayHello_normalCond_receiveHelloWorld12(string url)
        {
            var soap12Binding = new CustomBinding(
                new TextMessageEncodingBindingElement(MessageVersion.Soap12WSAddressingAugust2004,new HttpTransportBindingElement());

            var endpoint = new EndpointAddress(new Uri(url));
            using var channelFactory = new ChannelFactory<IMySoapSvc>(soap12Binding,response);
        }
    }
}

显示测试已用时间的屏幕截图。获胜者是使用在端口 5000 上运行的主机的 WcfTest，第二名是使用 BasicTests 和普通 POST 请求的 WebApplicationFactory。

enter image description here

更新：由于更短的设置时间，使用 NUnit 和 WebApplicationFactory（此处未显示）的测试运行速度提高了 4 倍。

使用 .NET Core 5 测试。

,

我通过使用通过问题中找到的 WebApplicationFactory 创建的客户端解决了这个问题 - 因为集成测试在内存中运行，而 WCF 客户端根据 fiddler 创建真实的网络请求，这显然不起作用（没有服务器接受实际网络请求），以及从这些 github 问题中提取和稍微修改的代码：

https://github.com/dotnet/wcf/issues/2400

https://github.com/dotnet/wcf/issues/4214

我添加了 3 个新类：

新行为

internal class HttpMessageHandlerBehavior : IEndpointBehavior
{
    private readonly HttpClient _client;

    public HttpMessageHandlerBehavior(HttpClient _client)
    {
        this._client = _client;
    }

    public void AddBindingParameters(ServiceEndpoint endpoint,BindingParameterCollection bindingParameters)
    {
        bindingParameters.Add(new Func<HttpClientHandler,HttpMessageHandler>(GetHttpMessageHandler));
    }

    public void ApplyClientBehavior(ServiceEndpoint endpoint,ClientRuntime clientRuntime) { }

    public void ApplyDispatchBehavior(ServiceEndpoint endpoint,EndpointDispatcher endpointDispatcher) { }

    public void Validate(ServiceEndpoint endpoint) { }

    public HttpMessageHandler GetHttpMessageHandler(HttpClientHandler httpClientHandler)
    {
        return new InterceptingHttpMessageHandler(httpClientHandler,_client);
    }

    public Func<HttpRequestMessage,CancellationToken,Task<HttpResponseMessage>> OnSendingAsync { get; set; }
    public Func<HttpResponseMessage,Task<HttpResponseMessage>> OnSentAsync { get; set; }
}

拦截上述类使用的请求的处理程序

internal class InterceptingHttpMessageHandler : DelegatingHandler
{
    private readonly HttpClient _client;

    public InterceptingHttpMessageHandler(HttpMessageHandler innerHandler,HttpClient client)
    {
        InnerHandler = innerHandler;
        _client = client;
    }

    protected override async Task<HttpResponseMessage> SendAsync(HttpRequestMessage request,CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        return await _client.PostAsync(request.RequestUri,request.Content,cancellationToken);
    }
}

还有一个扩展方法来抽象这一切（注意上面的内部关键字）

public static class ServiceEndpointExtensions {

    public static void InterceptRequestsWithHttpClient(this ServiceEndpoint endpoint,HttpClient httpClient)
    {
        endpoint.EndpointBehaviors.Add(new HttpMessageHandlerBehavior(httpClient));
    }
}

用法：

    private readonly DownloadWebServiceClient _sut;

    public DownloadWebServiceTests()
    {
        var endpoint = new EndpointAddress(TestConstants.Root + "/service/download.svc");
        var binding = new BasicHttpBinding(BasicHttpSecurityMode.None);
        var client = new DownloadWebServiceClient(binding,endpoint);
        client.Endpoint.InterceptRequestsWithHttpClient(_client);

        _sut = client;
    }

    [Fact]
    public async Task GetDocument_Unauthenticated_Throws()
    {
        var request = new DownloadRequest
        {
            Authentication = new Authentication
            {
                Username = "hello",Password = "good bye"
            },DocumentId = 1
        };

        _sut.Invoking(async s => await s.GetDocumentAsync(request))
            .Should()
            .Throw<FaultException>();
    }

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