GeoDjango 错误，makemigrations 失败：OSError: [WinError 127] 找不到指定的程序

如何解决GeoDjango 错误，makemigrations 失败：OSError: [WinError 127] 找不到指定的程序

我已经安装了 OSGeo4W64 express web，在 myapp/settings.py 中指定：

from pathlib import Path
import os


# Geo lib
if os.name == 'nt':
    import platform
    OSGEO4W = r".\external_components\OSGeo4W"
    if '64' in platform.architecture()[0]:
        OSGEO4W += "64"
    assert os.path.isdir(OSGEO4W),"Directory does not exist: " + OSGEO4W
    os.environ['OSGEO4W_ROOT'] = OSGEO4W
    os.environ['GDAL_DATA'] = OSGEO4W + r"\share\gdal"
    os.environ['PROJ_LIB'] = OSGEO4W + r"\share\proj"
    os.environ['PATH'] = OSGEO4W + r"\bin;" + os.environ['PATH']

# ...

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    # ...
    'django.contrib.gis',]

# ...

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.contrib.gis.db.backends.spatialite','NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3',}
}


# ...

我已经安装了 GDAL 3.2.1 cp38 win amd64，因为我使用 Python 3.8（在 Windows 10 环境中），尝试了很多解决方案，但是每次当我尝试运行 python manage.py makemigrations 时，我都会收到此错误：

D:\...\myproject\venv\Scripts\python.exe D:/.../myproject/manage.py makemigrations
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:/.../myproject/manage.py",line 22,in <module>
    main()
  File "D:/.../myproject/manage.py",line 18,in main
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "D:\...\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py",line 401,in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "D:\...\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py",line 377,in execute
    django.setup()
  File "D:\...\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\django\__init__.py",line 24,in setup
    apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
  File "D:\...\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\django\apps\registry.py",line 114,in populate
    app_config.import_models()
  File "D:\...\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\django\apps\config.py",line 211,in import_models
    self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
  File "C:\Users\...\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\python38\lib\importlib\__init__.py",line 127,in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:],package,level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>",line 1014,in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>",line 991,in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>",line 975,in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>",line 671,in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>",line 783,in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>",line 219,in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "D:\...\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\models.py",line 2,in <module>
    from django.contrib.auth.base_user import AbstractBaseUser,BaseUserManager
  File "D:\...\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\base_user.py",line 48,in <module>
    class AbstractBaseUser(models.Model):
  File "D:\...\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py",line 122,in __new__
    new_class.add_to_class('_Meta',Options(Meta,app_label))
  File "D:\...\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py",line 326,in add_to_class
    value.contribute_to_class(cls,name)
  File "D:\...\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\options.py",line 206,in contribute_to_class
    self.db_table = truncate_name(self.db_table,connection.ops.max_name_length())
  File "D:\...\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\__init__.py",line 28,in __getattr__
    return getattr(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS],item)
  File "D:\...\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py",line 214,in __getitem__
    backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
  File "D:\...\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py",line 111,in load_backend
    return import_module('%s.base' % backend_name)
  File "C:\Users\...\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\python38\lib\importlib\__init__.py",level)
  File "D:\...\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\gis\db\backends\spatialite\base.py",line 10,in <module>
    from .features import DatabaseFeatures
  File "D:\...\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\gis\db\backends\spatialite\features.py",line 1,in <module>
    from django.contrib.gis.db.backends.base.features import BaseSpatialFeatures
  File "D:\...\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\gis\db\backends\base\features.py",line 3,in <module>
    from django.contrib.gis.db import models
  File "D:\...\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\gis\db\models\__init__.py",in <module>
    import django.contrib.gis.db.models.functions  # NOQA
  File "D:\...\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\gis\db\models\functions.py",in <module>
    from django.contrib.gis.db.models.fields import BaseSpatialField,GeometryField
  File "D:\...\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\gis\db\models\fields.py",in <module>
    from django.contrib.gis import forms,gdal
  File "D:\...\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\gis\forms\__init__.py",in <module>
    from .fields import (  # NOQA
  File "D:\...\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\gis\forms\fields.py",in <module>
    from django.contrib.gis.gdal import GDalexception
  File "D:\...\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\gis\gdal\__init__.py",in <module>
    from django.contrib.gis.gdal.datasource import DataSource
  File "D:\...\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\gis\gdal\datasource.py",line 39,in <module>
    from django.contrib.gis.gdal.driver import Driver
  File "D:\...\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\gis\gdal\driver.py",line 5,in <module>
    from django.contrib.gis.gdal.prototypes import ds as vcapi,raster as rcapi
  File "D:\...\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\gis\gdal\prototypes\ds.py",line 9,in <module>
    from django.contrib.gis.gdal.libgdal import GDAL_VERSION,lgdal
  File "D:\...\myproject\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\gis\gdal\libgdal.py",line 50,in <module>
    lgdal = CDLL(lib_path)
  File "C:\Users\...\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\python38\lib\ctypes\__init__.py",line 373,in __init__
    self._handle = _dlopen(self._name,mode)
OSError: [WinError 127] The specified procedure Could not be found

Process finished with exit code 1

我认为错误是由 GeoDjango 引起的，因为当我注释 django.contrib.gis 或更改 sqlite 的默认数据库时，我没有问题。

有什么想法吗？

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