__webpack_require__ 在部署服务器上找不到模块

如何解决__webpack_require__ 在部署服务器上找不到模块

我正在尝试使用 webpack 通过 teamcity 捆绑我的应用程序并将其部署在远程服务器上。我也能够实现它，但在使用“node ./dist/main”运行应用程序的最后一步时，我收到以下错误。

PS C:\engage-analytics> node .\dist\main.js
node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:928
throw err;
^

Error: Cannot find module '@nestjs/core'
Require stack:
- C:\engage-analytics\dist\main.js
 at Function.Module._resolveFilename (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:925:15)
 at Function.Module._load (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:769:27)
 at Module.require (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:997:19)
 at require (node:internal/modules/cjs/helpers:92:18)
 at Object.@nestjs/core (C:\engage-analytics\dist\main.js:181:18)
 at __webpack_require__ (C:\engage-analytics\dist\main.js:229:32)
 at fn (C:\engage-analytics\dist\main.js:331:21)
 at eval (webpack://nestjs-intro/./src/main.ts?:3:16)
 at Object../src/main.ts (C:\engage-analytics\dist\main.js:52:1)
 at __webpack_require__ (C:\engage-analytics\dist\main.js:229:32) {
code: 'MODULE_NOT_FOUND',requireStack: [ 'C:\\engage-analytics\\dist\\main.js' ]
}

PS C:\engage-analytics> webpack -v
webpack 5.18.0
webpack-cli 4.4.0

PS C:\engage-analytics> node -v
v15.5.1

当我在 teamcity 工作目录上运行相同的命令时，我能够启动应用程序。构建后，我只是将 dist 的内容复制到远程服务器。 这是 package.json，我正在通过 teamcity 服务器上的 npm 执行突出显示的脚本。

package.json

{
name: "nestjs-intro",version: "0.0.1",description: "<p align="center"> <a href="http://nestjs.com/" target="blank"><img src="https://nestjs.com/img/logo_text.svg" width="320" alt="nest logo" /></a> </p>",author: "",private: true,license: "UNLICENSED",scripts: {
prebuild: "rimraf dist",**build**: "npm install && npx webpack",format: "prettier --write "src/**/*.ts" "test/**/*.ts"",start: "nest start",start:dev: "nest start --watch",start:debug: "nest start --debug --watch",**start:prod**: "node dist/main",lint: "eslint "{src,apps,libs,test}/**/*.ts" --fix",test: "jest",test:watch: "jest --watch",test:cov: "jest --coverage",test:debug: "node --inspect-brk -r tsconfig-paths/register -r ts-node/register node_modules/.bin/jest --runInBand",test:e2e: "jest --config ./test/jest-e2e.json"
},dependencies: {
@nestjs/common: "^7.6.5",@nestjs/core: "^7.5.1",@nestjs/mongoose: "^7.2.2",mongoose: "^5.11.3",reflect-Metadata: "^0.1.13",@nestjs/platform-express: "^7.6.5",rxjs: "^6.6.3"
},devDependencies: {
@nestjs/cli: "^7.5.1",@nestjs/schematics: "^7.1.3",@nestjs/testing: "^7.5.1",@types/express: "^4.17.8",@types/jest: "^26.0.15",@types/node: "^14.14.6",@types/supertest: "^2.0.10",@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin: "^4.6.1",@typescript-eslint/parser: "^4.6.1",eslint: "^7.12.1",eslint-config-prettier: "7.1.0",eslint-plugin-prettier: "^3.1.4",jest: "^26.6.3",prettier: "^2.2.1",rimraf: "^3.0.2",ts-jest: "^26.4.4",ts-loader: "^8.0.14",ts-node: "^9.1.1",tsconfig-paths: "^3.9.0",tsconfig-paths-webpack-plugin: "^3.3.0",typescript: "^4.0.5",webpack: "^5.15.0",webpack-cli: "^4.4.0"
},jest: {
modulefileExtensions: [
"js","json","ts"
],rootDir: "src",testRegex: ".*\.spec\.ts$",transform: {
^.+\.(t|j)s$: "ts-jest"
},collectCoverageFrom: [
"**/*.(t|j)s"
],coverageDirectory: "../coverage",testEnvironment: "node"
},main: "webpack.config.js",}

webpack 配置

const webpack = require('webpack');
const path = require('path');
const nodeExternals = require('webpack-node-externals');
// const config = require('config');
const isProduction = typeof process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'undefined' && process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production';
const mode = isProduction ? 'production' : 'development';

module.exports = {
    entry: [
      'webpack/hot/poll?100','./src/main.ts',],optimization: {
        minimize: false,},target: 'node',mode,externals: [
      nodeExternals({
          allowlist: ['webpack/hot/poll?100'],}),module: {
        rules: [
            {
                test: /\.tsx?$/,loader: 'ts-loader',options: {
                  transpileOnly: true
                },exclude: /node_modules/,}
        ]
    },resolve: {
        extensions: ['.tsx','.ts','.js'],plugins: [
        new webpack.HotModuleReplacementPlugin(),// new webpack.WatchIgnorePlugin([/\.js$/,/\.d\.ts$/]),new webpack.DefinePlugin(
            { 
                // CONfig: JSON.stringify(config) 
            }
        ),output: {
        path: path.join(__dirname,'dist'),filename: 'main.js',};

解决方法

使用 nodeExternals 时，webpack 会跳过将 node_modules 捆绑到最终捆绑包中，因此您需要在生产服务器上运行生产依赖项安装命令。

这是由于某些节点包的低级依赖关系而完成的，例如需要 C++ 绑定的 pg 或使用 bcrypt 和 python 的 node-pre-gyp。将这些依赖项捆绑到您的代码中是不兼容的，这就是为什么需要将它们保留在外部的原因。 There's a lot of discussion that goes more into depth on this here