为 Electron 构建 node-usb

如何解决为 Electron 构建 node-usb

我从 GitHub 克隆了 electron-react-boilerplate，它随 Electron 11.0.1 一起提供：

git clone --depth 1 --single-branch https://github.com/electron-react-boilerplate/electron-react-boilerplate.git test

接下来，我通过运行 yarn 来安装模板的依赖项。一切安装完毕，yarn start 正确启动程序。

接下来，我尝试在 node-usb 文件夹中安装带有 yarn add usb 的 src 包，按照有关安装本机依赖项的 Electron 文档的说明。安装运行良好，之后自动运行 yarn electron-rebuild，执行模板的内置 ElectronRebuild.js：

electron-rebuild --parallel --force --types prod,dev,optional --module-dir .

由于新安装的 node-usb 包而失败：

⠦ Building modules: 0/1gyp info find Python using Python version 3.6.9 found at "/usr/bin/python3"
⠧ Building modules: 0/1gyp http GET https://www.electronjs.org/headers/v11.0.1/node-v11.0.1-headers.tar.gz
⠋ Building modules: 0/1gyp http 200 https://www.electronjs.org/headers/v11.0.1/node-v11.0.1-headers.tar.gz
⠴ Building modules: 0/1gyp http GET https://www.electronjs.org/headers/v11.0.1/SHASUMS256.txt
⠧ Building modules: 0/1gyp http 200 https://www.electronjs.org/headers/v11.0.1/SHASUMS256.txt
gyp info spawn /usr/bin/python3
gyp info spawn args [
gyp info spawn args   '/home/user/Projects/test/node_modules/node-gyp/gyp/gyp_main.py',gyp info spawn args   'binding.gyp',gyp info spawn args   '-f',gyp info spawn args   'make',gyp info spawn args   '-I',gyp info spawn args   '/home/user/Projects/test/src/node_modules/usb/build/config.gypi',gyp info spawn args   '/home/user/Projects/test/node_modules/node-gyp/addon.gypi',gyp info spawn args   '/home/user/Projects/test/src/node_modules/usb/11.0.1/include/node/common.gypi',gyp info spawn args   '-Dlibrary=shared_library',gyp info spawn args   '-Dvisibility=default',gyp info spawn args   '-Dnode_root_dir=/home/user/Projects/test/src/node_modules/usb/11.0.1',gyp info spawn args   '-Dnode_gyp_dir=/home/user/Projects/test/node_modules/node-gyp',gyp info spawn args   '-Dnode_lib_file=/home/user/Projects/test/src/node_modules/usb/11.0.1/<(target_arch)/node.lib',gyp info spawn args   '-Dmodule_root_dir=/home/user/Projects/test/src/node_modules/usb',gyp info spawn args   '-Dnode_engine=v8',gyp info spawn args   '--depth=.',gyp info spawn args   '--no-parallel',gyp info spawn args   '--generator-output',gyp info spawn args   'build',gyp info spawn args   '-Goutput_dir=.'
gyp info spawn args ]
⠏ Building modules: 0/1gyp info spawn make
gyp info spawn args [ 'BUILDTYPE=Release','-C','build' ]
⠋ Building modules: 0/1make: Entering directory '/home/user/Projects/test/src/node_modules/usb/build'
  CC(target) Release/obj.target/libusb/libusb/libusb/core.o
⠦ Building modules: 0/1  CC(target) Release/obj.target/libusb/libusb/libusb/descriptor.o
⠇ Building modules: 0/1  CC(target) Release/obj.target/libusb/libusb/libusb/hotplug.o
⠋ Building modules: 0/1  CC(target) Release/obj.target/libusb/libusb/libusb/io.o
⠸ Building modules: 0/1  CC(target) Release/obj.target/libusb/libusb/libusb/strerror.o
  CC(target) Release/obj.target/libusb/libusb/libusb/sync.o
⠦ Building modules: 0/1  CC(target) Release/obj.target/libusb/libusb/libusb/os/poll_posix.o
⠧ Building modules: 0/1  CC(target) Release/obj.target/libusb/libusb/libusb/os/threads_posix.o
⠇ Building modules: 0/1  CC(target) Release/obj.target/libusb/libusb/libusb/os/linux_usbfs.o
⠴ Building modules: 0/1  CC(target) Release/obj.target/libusb/libusb/libusb/os/linux_udev.o
⠧ Building modules: 0/1  AR(target) Release/obj.target/usb.a
⠇ Building modules: 0/1  copY Release/usb.a
  CXX(target) Release/obj.target/usb_bindings/src/node_usb.o
⠙ Building modules: 0/1In file included from /home/user/Projects/test/src/node_modules/usb/11.0.1/include/node/v8.h:30:0,from ../src/node_usb.h:12,from ../src/node_usb.cc:1:
/home/user/Projects/test/src/node_modules/usb/11.0.1/include/node/v8-internal.h: In function ‘void v8::internal::PerformCastCheck(T*)’:
/home/user/Projects/test/src/node_modules/usb/11.0.1/include/node/v8-internal.h:418:38: error: ‘remove_cv_t’ is not a member of ‘std’
             !std::is_same<Data,std::remove_cv_t<T>>::value>::Perform(data);
                                      ^~~~~~~~~~~
/home/user/Projects/test/src/node_modules/usb/11.0.1/include/node/v8-internal.h:418:38: note: suggested alternative: ‘remove_cv’
             !std::is_same<Data,std::remove_cv_t<T>>::value>::Perform(data);
                                      ^~~~~~~~~~~
                                      remove_cv
/home/user/Projects/test/src/node_modules/usb/11.0.1/include/node/v8-internal.h:418:38: error: ‘remove_cv_t’ is not a member of ‘std’
/home/user/Projects/test/src/node_modules/usb/11.0.1/include/node/v8-internal.h:418:38: note: suggested alternative: ‘remove_cv’
             !std::is_same<Data,std::remove_cv_t<T>>::value>::Perform(data);
                                      ^~~~~~~~~~~
                                      remove_cv
/home/user/Projects/test/src/node_modules/usb/11.0.1/include/node/v8-internal.h:418:50: error: template argument 2 is invalid
             !std::is_same<Data,std::remove_cv_t<T>>::value>::Perform(data);
                                                  ^
/home/user/Projects/test/src/node_modules/usb/11.0.1/include/node/v8-internal.h:418:63: error: ‘::Perform’ has not been declared
             !std::is_same<Data,std::remove_cv_t<T>>::value>::Perform(data);
                                                               ^~~~~~~
/home/user/Projects/test/src/node_modules/usb/11.0.1/include/node/v8-internal.h:418:63: note: suggested alternative: ‘perror’
             !std::is_same<Data,std::remove_cv_t<T>>::value>::Perform(data);
                                                               ^~~~~~~
                                                               perror
⠹ Building modules: 0/1In file included from ../src/node_usb.h:12:0,from ../src/node_usb.cc:1:
/home/user/Projects/test/src/node_modules/usb/11.0.1/include/node/v8.h: At global scope:
/home/user/Projects/test/src/node_modules/usb/11.0.1/include/node/v8.h:9182:75: warning: ‘MicrotasksCompletedCallback’ is deprecated [-Wdeprecated-declarations]
   void AddMicrotasksCompletedCallback(MicrotasksCompletedCallback callback);
                                                                           ^
/home/user/Projects/test/src/node_modules/usb/11.0.1/include/node/v8.h:9190:78: warning: ‘MicrotasksCompletedCallback’ is deprecated [-Wdeprecated-declarations]
   void RemoveMicrotasksCompletedCallback(MicrotasksCompletedCallback callback);
                                                                              ^
⠼ Building modules: 0/1../src/node_usb.cc: In function ‘void handleHotplug(std::pair<libusb_device*,libusb_hotplug_event>)’:
../src/node_usb.cc:151:58: warning: ‘v8::Local<v8::Value> Nan::MakeCallback(v8::Local<v8::Object>,const char*,int,v8::Local<v8::Value>*)’ is deprecated [-Wdeprecated-declarations]
  Nan::MakeCallback(Nan::New(hotplugThis),"emit",2,argv);
                                                          ^
In file included from ../src/helpers.h:3:0,from ../src/node_usb.h:21,from ../src/node_usb.cc:1:
../../nan/nan.h:1001:46: note: declared here
   NAN_DEPRECATED inline v8::Local<v8::Value> MakeCallback(
                                              ^~~~~~~~~~~~
⠴ Building modules: 0/1usb_bindings.target.mk:128: recipe for target 'Release/obj.target/usb_bindings/src/node_usb.o' Failed
make: *** [Release/obj.target/usb_bindings/src/node_usb.o] Error 1
make: Leaving directory '/home/user/Projects/test/src/node_modules/usb/build'
✖ Rebuild Failed

An unhandled error occurred inside electron-rebuild
node-gyp Failed to rebuild '/home/user/Projects/test/src/node_modules/usb'.
Error: `make` Failed with exit code: 2



Error: node-gyp Failed to rebuild '/home/user/Projects/test/src/node_modules/usb'.
Error: `make` Failed with exit code: 2


    at ModuleRebuilder.rebuildNodeGypModule (/home/user/Projects/test/node_modules/electron-rebuild/lib/src/module-rebuilder.js:193:19)
    at processticksAndRejections (internal/process/task_queues.js:97:5)
child_process.js:669
    throw err;

如何构建用于 Electron 11.0.1 的 node-usb 模块？我使用的是 Node 12.18.3，与 Electron 11.0.1 使用的版本相同，我在 Ubuntu 20.04 上运行此设置。此包是我尝试集成到应用程序中的 ant-plus 库的依赖项。

解决方法

Electron 11 有一个较新版本的 V8 JS 引擎，其原生模块 usb@1.6.3 的标准库版本未设置为 std=c++14，因此不支持 V8 现在的要求。>

这是一个已知问题，您可以在这些 PR #376、#394、#400 上阅读它，并且修复程序已于今天（2021 年 1 月 30 日) 有了这个 PR #407，并且在 NPM usb@1.6.4 上有一个新版本。

现在您的步骤在 Ubuntu 20.04 上对我有用，安装最新的 ElectronRebuild.js 模块后 usb 运行没有错误：