如何解决数据表 UTF-8 问题
使用带有到 MysqL 表的服务器端连接的数据表，我想显示包含像 ö ä õ 这样的 UTF8 字符的表数据。
它不适用于默认示例。参考https://datatables.net/examples/server_side/simple.html
错误：
DataTables 警告：table id=example - Ajax 错误。有关此错误的详细信息，请参阅 http://datatables.net/tn/7 如何让它发挥作用？
JS：
$(document).ready(function() {
$('#example').DataTable( {
"processing": true,"serverSide": true,"ajax": "scripts/server_processing.PHP"
} );
} );
HTML：
<table id="example" class="display" style="width:100%">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>First name</th>
<th>Last name</th>
<th>Position</th>
<th>Office</th>
<th>Start date</th>
<th>Salary</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<th>First name</th>
<th>Last name</th>
<th>Position</th>
<th>Office</th>
<th>Start date</th>
<th>Salary</th>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
PHP：
<?PHP
/*
* DataTables example server-side processing script.
*
* Please note that this script is intentionally extremely simple to show how
* server-side processing can be implemented,and probably shouldn't be used as
* the basis for a large complex system. It is suitable for simple use cases as
* for learning.
*
* See http://datatables.net/usage/server-side for full details on the server-
* side processing requirements of DataTables.
*
* @license MIT - http://datatables.net/license_mit
*/
/* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
* Easy set variables
*/
// DB table to use
$table = 'datatables_demo';
// Table's primary key
$primaryKey = 'id';
// Array of database columns which should be read and sent back to DataTables.
// The `db` parameter represents the column name in the database,while the `dt`
// parameter represents the DataTables column identifier. In this case simple
// indexes
$columns = array(
array( 'db' => 'first_name','dt' => 0 ),array( 'db' => 'last_name','dt' => 1 ),array( 'db' => 'position','dt' => 2 ),array( 'db' => 'office','dt' => 3 ),array(
'db' => 'start_date','dt' => 4,'formatter' => function( $d,$row ) {
return date( 'jS M y',strtotime($d));
}
),array(
'db' => 'salary','dt' => 5,$row ) {
return '$'.number_format($d);
}
)
);
// sql server connection information
$sql_details = array(
'user' => '','pass' => '','db' => '','host' => ''
);
/* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
* If you just want to use the basic configuration for DataTables with PHP
* server-side,there is no need to edit below this line.
*/
require( 'ssp.class.PHP' );
echo json_encode(
ssp::simple( $_GET,$sql_details,$table,$primaryKey,$columns )
);
ssp.class.pp
<?PHP
/*
* Helper functions for building a DataTables server-side processing sql query
*
* The static functions in this class are just helper functions to help build
* the sql used in the DataTables demo server-side processing scripts. These
* functions obvIoUsly do not represent all that can be done with server-side
* processing,they are intentionally simple to show how it works. More complex
* server-side processing operations will likely require a custom script.
*
* See http://datatables.net/usage/server-side for full details on the server-
* side processing requirements of DataTables.
*
* @license MIT - http://datatables.net/license_mit
*/
// Please Remove below 4 lines as this is use in Datatatables test environment for your local or live environment please remove it or else it will not work
$file = $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/datatables/pdo.PHP';
if ( is_file( $file ) ) {
include( $file );
}
class ssp {
/**
* Create the data output array for the DataTables rows
*
* @param array $columns Column information array
* @param array $data Data from the sql get
* @return array Formatted data in a row based format
*/
static function data_output ( $columns,$data )
{
$out = array();
for ( $i=0,$ien=count($data) ; $i<$ien ; $i++ ) {
$row = array();
for ( $j=0,$jen=count($columns) ; $j<$jen ; $j++ ) {
$column = $columns[$j];
// Is there a formatter?
if ( isset( $column['formatter'] ) ) {
if(empty($column['db'])){
$row[ $column['dt'] ] = $column['formatter']( $data[$i] );
}
else{
$row[ $column['dt'] ] = $column['formatter']( $data[$i][ $column['db'] ],$data[$i] );
}
}
else {
if(!empty($column['db'])){
$row[ $column['dt'] ] = $data[$i][ $columns[$j]['db'] ];
}
else{
$row[ $column['dt'] ] = "";
}
}
}
$out[] = $row;
}
return $out;
}
/**
* Database connection
*
* Obtain an PHP PDO connection from a connection details array
*
* @param array $conn sql connection details. The array should have
* the following properties
* * host - host name
* * db - database name
* * user - user name
* * pass - user password
* @return resource PDO connection
*/
static function db ( $conn )
{
if ( is_array( $conn ) ) {
return self::sql_connect( $conn );
}
return $conn;
}
/**
* Paging
*
* Construct the LIMIT clause for server-side processing sql query
*
* @param array $request Data sent to server by DataTables
* @param array $columns Column information array
* @return string sql limit clause
*/
static function limit ( $request,$columns )
{
$limit = '';
if ( isset($request['start']) && $request['length'] != -1 ) {
$limit = "LIMIT ".intval($request['start']).",".intval($request['length']);
}
return $limit;
}
/**
* Ordering
*
* Construct the ORDER BY clause for server-side processing sql query
*
* @param array $request Data sent to server by DataTables
* @param array $columns Column information array
* @return string sql order by clause
*/
static function order ( $request,$columns )
{
$order = '';
if ( isset($request['order']) && count($request['order']) ) {
$orderBy = array();
$dtColumns = self::pluck( $columns,'dt' );
for ( $i=0,$ien=count($request['order']) ; $i<$ien ; $i++ ) {
// Convert the column index into the column data property
$columnIdx = intval($request['order'][$i]['column']);
$requestColumn = $request['columns'][$columnIdx];
$columnIdx = array_search( $requestColumn['data'],$dtColumns );
$column = $columns[ $columnIdx ];
//**ADDED THIS**
if(mb_detect_encoding($request["search"]["value"])=="UTF-8"){
if($column['db']=="keep_alive" || $column['db']=="Now_playing_start"){
continue;
}
}
if ( $requestColumn['orderable'] == 'true' ) {
$dir = $request['order'][$i]['dir'] === 'asc' ?
'ASC' :
'DESC';
$orderBy[] = '`'.$column['db'].'` '.$dir;
}
}
if ( count( $orderBy ) ) {
$order = 'ORDER BY '.implode(',',$orderBy);
}
}
return $order;
}
/**
* Searching / Filtering
*
* Construct the WHERE clause for server-side processing sql query.
*
* NOTE this does not match the built-in DataTables filtering which does it
* word by word on any field. It's possible to do here performance on large
* databases would be very poor
*
* @param array $request Data sent to server by DataTables
* @param array $columns Column information array
* @param array $bindings Array of values for PDO bindings,used in the
* sql_exec() function
* @return string sql where clause
*/
static function filter ( $request,$columns,&$bindings )
{
$globalSearch = array();
$columnSearch = array();
$dtColumns = self::pluck( $columns,'dt' );
if ( isset($request['search']) && $request['search']['value'] != '' ) {
$str = $request['search']['value'];
for ( $i=0,$ien=count($request['columns']) ; $i<$ien ; $i++ ) {
$requestColumn = $request['columns'][$i];
$columnIdx = array_search( $requestColumn['data'],$dtColumns );
$column = $columns[ $columnIdx ];
if ( $requestColumn['searchable'] == 'true' ) {
if(!empty($column['db'])){
$binding = self::bind( $bindings,'%'.$str.'%',PDO::ParaM_STR );
$globalSearch[] = "`".$column['db']."` LIKE ".$binding;
}
}
}
}
// Individual column filtering
if ( isset( $request['columns'] ) ) {
for ( $i=0,$dtColumns );
$column = $columns[ $columnIdx ];
$str = $requestColumn['search']['value'];
if ( $requestColumn['searchable'] == 'true' &&
$str != '' ) {
if(!empty($column['db'])){
$binding = self::bind( $bindings,PDO::ParaM_STR );
$columnSearch[] = "`".$column['db']."` LIKE ".$binding;
}
}
}
}
// Combine the filters into a single string
$where = '';
if ( count( $globalSearch ) ) {
$where = '('.implode(' OR ',$globalSearch).')';
}
if ( count( $columnSearch ) ) {
$where = $where === '' ?
implode(' AND ',$columnSearch) :
$where .' AND '. implode(' AND ',$columnSearch);
}
if ( $where !== '' ) {
$where = 'WHERE '.$where;
}
return $where;
}
/**
* Perform the sql queries needed for an server-side processing requested,* utilising the helper functions of this class,limit(),order() and
* filter() among others. The returned array is ready to be encoded as JSON
* in response to an ssp request,or can be modified if needed before
* sending back to the client.
*
* @param array $request Data sent to server by DataTables
* @param array|PDO $conn PDO connection resource or connection parameters array
* @param string $table sql table to query
* @param string $primaryKey Primary key of the table
* @param array $columns Column information array
* @return array Server-side processing response array
*/
static function simple ( $request,$conn,$columns )
{
$bindings = array();
$db = self::db( $conn );
// Build the sql query string from the request
$limit = self::limit( $request,$columns );
$order = self::order( $request,$columns );
$where = self::filter( $request,$bindings );
// Main query to actually get the data
$data = self::sql_exec( $db,$bindings,"SELECT `".implode("`,`",self::pluck($columns,'db'))."`
FROM `$table`
$where
$order
$limit"
);
// Data set length after filtering
$resFilterLength = self::sql_exec( $db,"SELECT COUNT(`{$primaryKey}`)
FROM `$table`
$where"
);
$recordsFiltered = $resFilterLength[0][0];
// Total data set length
$resTotalLength = self::sql_exec( $db,"SELECT COUNT(`{$primaryKey}`)
FROM `$table`"
);
$recordsTotal = $resTotalLength[0][0];
/*
* Output
*/
return array(
"draw" => isset ( $request['draw'] ) ?
intval( $request['draw'] ) :
0,"recordsTotal" => intval( $recordsTotal ),"recordsFiltered" => intval( $recordsFiltered ),"data" => self::data_output( $columns,$data )
);
}
/**
* The difference between this method and the `simple` one,is that you can
* apply additional `where` conditions to the sql queries. These can be in
* one of two forms:
*
* * 'Result condition' - This is applied to the result set,but not the
* overall paging information query - i.e. it will not effect the number
* of records that a user sees they can have access to. This should be
* used when you want apply a filtering condition that the user has sent.
* * 'All condition' - This is applied to all queries that are made and
* reduces the number of records that the user can access. This should be
* used in conditions where you don't want the user to ever have access to
* particular records (for example,restricting by a login id).
*
* @param array $request Data sent to server by DataTables
* @param array|PDO $conn PDO connection resource or connection parameters array
* @param string $table sql table to query
* @param string $primaryKey Primary key of the table
* @param array $columns Column information array
* @param string $whereResult WHERE condition to apply to the result set
* @param string $whereAll WHERE condition to apply to all queries
* @return array Server-side processing response array
*/
static function complex ( $request,$whereResult=null,$whereAll=null )
{
$bindings = array();
$db = self::db( $conn );
$localWhereResult = array();
$localWhereAll = array();
$whereAllsql = '';
// Build the sql query string from the request
$limit = self::limit( $request,$bindings );
$whereResult = self::_flatten( $whereResult );
$whereAll = self::_flatten( $whereAll );
if ( $whereResult ) {
$where = $where ?
$where .' AND '.$whereResult :
'WHERE '.$whereResult;
}
if ( $whereAll ) {
$where = $where ?
$where .' AND '.$whereAll :
'WHERE '.$whereAll;
$whereAllsql = 'WHERE '.$whereAll;
}
// Main query to actually get the data
$data = self::sql_exec( $db,"SELECT COUNT(`{$primaryKey}`)
FROM `$table` ".
$whereAllsql
);
$recordsTotal = $resTotalLength[0][0];
/*
* Output
*/
return array(
"draw" => isset ( $request['draw'] ) ?
intval( $request['draw'] ) :
0,$data )
);
}
/**
* Connect to the database
*
* @param array $sql_details sql server connection details array,with the
* properties:
* * host - host name
* * db - database name
* * user - user name
* * pass - user password
* @return resource Database connection handle
*/
static function sql_connect ( $sql_details )
{
try {
$db = @new PDO(
"MysqL:host={$sql_details['host']};dbname={$sql_details['db']}",$sql_details['user'],$sql_details['pass'],array( PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION )
);
}
catch (PDOException $e) {
self::fatal(
"An error occurred while connecting to the database. ".
"The error reported by the server was: ".$e->getMessage()
);
}
return $db;
}
/**
* Execute an sql query on the database
*
* @param resource $db Database handler
* @param array $bindings Array of PDO binding values from bind() to be
* used for safely escaping strings. Note that this can be given as the
* sql query string if no bindings are required.
* @param string $sql sql query to execute.
* @return array Result from the query (all rows)
*/
static function sql_exec ( $db,$sql=null )
{
// Argument shifting
if ( $sql === null ) {
$sql = $bindings;
}
$stmt = $db->prepare( $sql );
//echo $sql;
// Bind parameters
if ( is_array( $bindings ) ) {
for ( $i=0,$ien=count($bindings) ; $i<$ien ; $i++ ) {
$binding = $bindings[$i];
$stmt->bindValue( $binding['key'],$binding['val'],$binding['type'] );
}
}
// Execute
try {
$stmt->execute();
}
catch (PDOException $e) {
self::fatal( "An sql error occurred: ".$e->getMessage() );
}
// Return all
return $stmt->fetchAll( PDO::FETCH_BOTH );
}
/* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
* Internal methods
*/
/**
* Throw a Fatal error.
*
* This writes out an error message in a JSON string which DataTables will
* see and show to the user in the browser.
*
* @param string $msg Message to send to the client
*/
static function fatal ( $msg )
{
echo json_encode( array(
"error" => $msg
) );
exit(0);
}
/**
* Create a PDO binding key which can be used for escaping variables safely
* when executing a query with sql_exec()
*
* @param array &$a Array of bindings
* @param * $val Value to bind
* @param int $type PDO field type
* @return string Bound key to be used in the sql where this parameter
* would be used.
*/
static function bind ( &$a,$val,$type )
{
$key = ':binding_'.count( $a );
$a[] = array(
'key' => $key,'val' => $val,'type' => $type
);
return $key;
}
/**
* Pull a particular property from each assoc. array in a numeric array,* returning and array of the property values from each item.
*
* @param array $a Array to get data from
* @param string $prop Property to read
* @return array Array of property values
*/
static function pluck ( $a,$prop )
{
$out = array();
for ( $i=0,$len=count($a) ; $i<$len ; $i++ ) {
if ( empty($a[$i][$prop]) && $a[$i][$prop] !== 0 ) {
continue;
}
//removing the $out array index confuses the filter method in doing proper binding,//adding it ensures that the array data are mapped correctly
$out[$i] = $a[$i][$prop];
}
return $out;
}
/**
* Return a string from an array or a string
*
* @param array|string $a Array to join
* @param string $join glue for the concatenation
* @return string Joined string
*/
static function _flatten ( $a,$join = ' AND ' )
{
if ( ! $a ) {
return '';
}
else if ( $a && is_array($a) ) {
return implode( $join,$a );
}
return $a;
}
}
解决方法
您需要将编码更改为 utf8mb4 才能处理特殊字符。
假设您使用的是 php mysqli，您需要在客户端更改字符集：
connection = new mysqli(host,username,password,database,port);
connection->set_charset("utf8mb4");
现在确保mysql也在使用utf8mb4：
ALTER DATABASE database_name CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
表格也是：
ALTER TABLE table_name CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
要确认字符集已设置：
USE database_name;
show variables like "character_set_database";
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