如何解决Windows 窗体 - C++/CLR (.NET Framework) - 如何使用按钮事件
我正在构建一个应用程序，该应用程序使用计算机视觉通过网络摄像头检测对象。
- 为了实现这个想法，我使用了 OpenCV 库和 C++。
- 为了构建 Windows 窗体，我将 C++/CLR (.NET Framework) 与 Visual Studio 2019 结合使用。
我已经让程序运行起来，但我想改进我的代码。
我的问题简介：
我想在“按钮事件”中编写更少和更高效的代码，您可以在“代码 1”中看到。这样做的原因，是因为我几乎对所有三个按钮都使用了相同的代码（它占用了大量空间并且很丑陋）。
我的想法是围绕您可以在按钮事件中看到的代码构建一个类，并在每个按钮事件中创建该类的实例。问题是，我还需要能够按下退出按钮并控制我在 CODE 1 中的成员变量。
CODE 1中的三个私有成员变量如下：
//// private member variables
private:
bool CamWhileLoop1;
bool CamWhileLoop2;
bool CamWhileLoop3;
我使用它们在每个按钮事件中打开和关闭 while 循环，以便在按下新事件时关闭网络摄像头窗口。
（当您按下三个按钮之一时，网络摄像头窗口由 OpenCV 库提供）。
我的问题：
- 实现这一目标的最佳和最有效方法是什么。
- 这样好吗？
- 我正在使用 OpenCV 库中已训练的 Haar Cascade 文件来检测对象。我的程序很慢，网络摄像头滞后很多。如何摆脱这种滞后？ （我想我需要使用 YOLO 或人工智能 (AI) 部分的其他一些实现，但我不确定）
- 这样好吗？我是否需要在按下另一个按钮事件时自行关闭一个事件，还是在 C++/CLR 库中自动发生？
CODE 1 和 CODE 2 如下。
代码 1：这是我的“Windows 窗体代码”，名为 MyForm.h
#pragma once
// Include OpenCV
#include <opencv2/imgcodecs.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui.hpp>
#include <opencv2/imgproc.hpp>
#include <opencv2/objdetect.hpp>
// Include C++ libraries
#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <chrono>
#include <vector>
//#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
namespace ObjectCounter {
using namespace System;
using namespace System::ComponentModel;
using namespace System::Collections;
using namespace System::Windows::Forms;
using namespace System::Data;
using namespace System::Drawing;
/// <summary>
/// Summary for MyForm
/// </summary>
public ref class MyForm : public System::Windows::Forms::Form
{
public:
MyForm(void)
{
InitializeComponent();
//
//Todo: Add the constructor code here
//
}
protected:
/// <summary>
/// Clean up any resources being used.
/// </summary>
~MyForm()
{
if (components)
{
delete components;
}
}
protected:
//// private member variables
private:
bool CamWhileLoop1;
bool CamWhileLoop2;
bool CamWhileLoop3;
private: System::Windows::Forms::Label^ label1;
private: System::Windows::Forms::Label^ label2;
private: System::Windows::Forms::Button^ button1;
private: System::Windows::Forms::Button^ button2;
private: System::Windows::Forms::Button^ button3;
private: System::Windows::Forms::Button^ button4;
private:
/// <summary>
/// required designer variable.
/// </summary>
System::ComponentModel::Container ^components;
#pragma region Windows Form Designer generated code
/// <summary>
/// required method for Designer support - do not modify
/// the contents of this method with the code editor.
/// </summary>
void InitializeComponent(void)
{
this->button1 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Button());
this->label1 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Label());
this->label2 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Label());
this->button2 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Button());
this->button3 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Button());
this->button4 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Button());
this->SuspendLayout();
//
// button1
//
this->button1->Location = System::Drawing::Point(113,64);
this->button1->Name = L"button1";
this->button1->Size = System::Drawing::Size(459,65);
this->button1->TabIndex = 0;
this->button1->Text = L"Count Faces";
this->button1->UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
this->button1->Click += gcnew System::EventHandler(this,&MyForm::button1_Click);
//
// label1
//
this->label1->AutoSize = true;
this->label1->Font = (gcnew System::Drawing::Font(L"Microsoft Sans Serif",20,System::Drawing::FontStyle::Regular,System::Drawing::GraphicsUnit::Point,static_cast<System::Byte>(0)));
this->label1->Location = System::Drawing::Point(83,422);
this->label1->Name = L"label1";
this->label1->Size = System::Drawing::Size(297,39);
this->label1->TabIndex = 1;
this->label1->Text = L"Amount of objects:";
//
// label2
//
this->label2->AutoSize = true;
this->label2->Font = (gcnew System::Drawing::Font(L"Microsoft Sans Serif",30,static_cast<System::Byte>(0)));
this->label2->Location = System::Drawing::Point(477,403);
this->label2->Name = L"label2";
this->label2->Size = System::Drawing::Size(53,58);
this->label2->TabIndex = 2;
this->label2->Text = L"0";
this->label2->Click += gcnew System::EventHandler(this,&MyForm::label2_Click);
//
// button2
//
this->button2->Location = System::Drawing::Point(113,135);
this->button2->Name = L"button2";
this->button2->Size = System::Drawing::Size(459,65);
this->button2->TabIndex = 3;
this->button2->Text = L"Count Eyes";
this->button2->UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
this->button2->Click += gcnew System::EventHandler(this,&MyForm::button2_Click);
//
// button3
//
this->button3->Location = System::Drawing::Point(113,206);
this->button3->Name = L"button3";
this->button3->Size = System::Drawing::Size(459,65);
this->button3->TabIndex = 4;
this->button3->Text = L"Count Russian License Plates";
this->button3->UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
this->button3->Click += gcnew System::EventHandler(this,&MyForm::button3_Click);
//
// button4
//
this->button4->Location = System::Drawing::Point(240,301);
this->button4->Name = L"button4";
this->button4->Size = System::Drawing::Size(214,39);
this->button4->TabIndex = 5;
this->button4->Text = L"Exit";
this->button4->UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
this->button4->Click += gcnew System::EventHandler(this,&MyForm::button4_Click);
//
// MyForm
//
this->AutoScaleDimensions = System::Drawing::Sizef(8,16);
this->AutoScaleMode = System::Windows::Forms::AutoScaleMode::Font;
this->ClientSize = System::Drawing::Size(680,560);
this->Controls->Add(this->button4);
this->Controls->Add(this->button3);
this->Controls->Add(this->button2);
this->Controls->Add(this->label2);
this->Controls->Add(this->label1);
this->Controls->Add(this->button1);
this->Name = L"MyForm";
this->Text = L"Artificial Intelligence Counter";
this->ResumeLayout(false);
this->Performlayout();
}
#pragma endregion
private: System::Void label2_Click(System::Object^ sender,System::EventArgs^ e) {
}
private: System::Void button1_Click(System::Object^ sender,System::EventArgs^ e) { // Count Faces
//Initialize variables
unsigned int ObjectCounter1 = 0;
this->CamWhileLoop1 = true;
this->CamWhileLoop2 = false;
this->CamWhileLoop3 = false;
cv::VideoCapture Video_Capture1(0); // Create an instance of the cv::VideoCapture class
cv::Mat image1; // Create an instance of the cv:Mat class (creating an empty image)
cv::CascadeClassifier faceCascade1; // Create an instance of the cv::CascadeClassifier class
faceCascade1.load("Resources/haarcascade_frontalface_alt.xml"); // Load haar cascade file
if (!Video_Capture1.isOpened()) { // Check if camera opened successfully
std::cout << "Error opening video stream or file" << std::endl;
//return -1;
}
if (faceCascade1.empty()) { // Check if the XML file has been loaded properly or not
std::cout << "XML file not loaded." << std::endl;
}
std::vector<cv::Rect> Rectangles_for_objects1; // Storing rectangles in a vector
std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(200)); //Giving the webcam time to start
while (this->CamWhileLoop1) {
Video_Capture1.read(image1); //Create matrix from the webcam
faceCascade1.detectMultiScale(image1,Rectangles_for_objects1,1.1,10);
for (int i = 0; i < Rectangles_for_objects1.size(); i++) { // Iterate over all objects and print them
//Code for rectangle around faces
cv::rectangle(image1,Rectangles_for_objects1[i].tl(),Rectangles_for_objects1[i].br(),cv::Scalar(255,255),3);
//tl = top left and br = bottom right
}
// For the counter part
if (Rectangles_for_objects1.size() != ObjectCounter1) {
if (Rectangles_for_objects1.size() == 0) {
std::cout << "There is no person in the image" << std::endl;
}
else if (Rectangles_for_objects1.size() == 1) {
std::cout << "There is " << Rectangles_for_objects1.size() << " person in the image" << std::endl;
}
else {
std::cout << "There are " << Rectangles_for_objects1.size() << " persons in the image" << std::endl;
}
ObjectCounter1 = Rectangles_for_objects1.size();
label2->Text = ObjectCounter1.ToString();
}
cv::imshow("Video",image1);
cv::waitKey(1);
}
//Show the image in a window. name of the window="Video". The Image to be shown= img (p.209)
}
private: System::Void button2_Click(System::Object^ sender,System::EventArgs^ e) {
//Initialize variables
unsigned int ObjectCounter2 = 0;
this->CamWhileLoop1 = false;
this->CamWhileLoop2 = true;
this->CamWhileLoop3 = false;
cv::VideoCapture Video_Capture2(0); // Create an instance of the cv::VideoCapture class
cv::Mat image2; // Create an instance of the cv:Mat class (creating an empty image)
cv::CascadeClassifier faceCascade2; // Create an instance of the cv::CascadeClassifier class
faceCascade2.load("Resources/haarcascade_eye_tree_eyeglasses.xml"); // Load haar cascade file
if (!Video_Capture2.isOpened()) { // Check if camera opened successfully
std::cout << "Error opening video stream or file" << std::endl;
//return -1;
}
if (faceCascade2.empty()) { // Check if the XML file has been loaded properly or not
std::cout << "XML file not loaded." << std::endl;
}
std::vector<cv::Rect> Rectangles_for_objects2; // Storing rectangles in a vector
std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(200)); //Giving the webcam time to start
while (this->CamWhileLoop2) {
Video_Capture2.read(image2);
faceCascade2.detectMultiScale(image2,Rectangles_for_objects2,10);
//if(Main_Window.textBox1->Text )
for (int i = 0; i < Rectangles_for_objects2.size(); i++) { // Iterate over all objects and print them
//Code for rectangle around faces
cv::rectangle(image2,Rectangles_for_objects2[i].tl(),Rectangles_for_objects2[i].br(),3);
//tl = top left
//br = bottom right
}
// For the counter part
if (Rectangles_for_objects2.size() != ObjectCounter2) {
if (Rectangles_for_objects2.size() == 0) {
std::cout << "There is no person in the image" << std::endl;
}
else if (Rectangles_for_objects2.size() == 1) {
std::cout << "There is " << Rectangles_for_objects2.size() << " person in the image" << std::endl;
}
else {
std::cout << "There are " << Rectangles_for_objects2.size() << " persons in the image" << std::endl;
}
ObjectCounter2 = Rectangles_for_objects2.size();
label2->Text = ObjectCounter2.ToString();
}
//Show the image in a window. name of the window="Video". The Image to be shown= img (p.209)
cv::imshow("Video",image2);
cv::waitKey(1);
}
}
private: System::Void button3_Click(System::Object^ sender,System::EventArgs^ e) {
//Initialize variables
unsigned int ObjectCounter3 = 0;
this->CamWhileLoop1 = false;
this->CamWhileLoop2 = false;
this->CamWhileLoop3 = true;
cv::VideoCapture Video_Capture(0); // Create an instance of the cv::VideoCapture class
cv::Mat image; // Create an instance of the cv:Mat class (creating an empty image)
cv::CascadeClassifier faceCascade; // Create an instance of the cv::CascadeClassifier class
faceCascade.load("Resources/haarcascade_russian_plate_number.xml"); // Load haar cascade file
if (!Video_Capture.isOpened()) { // Check if camera opened successfully
std::cout << "Error opening video stream or file" << std::endl;
//return -1;
}
if (faceCascade.empty()) { // Check if the XML file has been loaded properly or not
std::cout << "XML file not loaded." << std::endl;
}
std::vector<cv::Rect> Rectangles_for_objects; // Storing rectangles in a vector
std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(200)); //Giving the webcam time to start
while (this->CamWhileLoop3) {
Video_Capture.read(image);
faceCascade.detectMultiScale(image,Rectangles_for_objects,10);
//if(Main_Window.textBox1->Text )
for (int i = 0; i < Rectangles_for_objects.size(); i++) { // Iterate over all objects and print them
//Code for rectangle around faces
cv::rectangle(image,Rectangles_for_objects[i].tl(),Rectangles_for_objects[i].br(),3);
//tl = top left
//br = bottom right
}
// For the counter part
if (Rectangles_for_objects.size() != ObjectCounter3) {
if (Rectangles_for_objects.size() == 0) {
std::cout << "There is no person in the image" << std::endl;
}
else if (Rectangles_for_objects.size() == 1) {
std::cout << "There is " << Rectangles_for_objects.size() << " person in the image" << std::endl;
}
else {
std::cout << "There are " << Rectangles_for_objects.size() << " persons in the image" << std::endl;
}
ObjectCounter3 = Rectangles_for_objects.size();
label2->Text = ObjectCounter3.ToString();
}
//Show the image in a window. name of the window="Video". The Image to be shown= img (p.209)
cv::imshow("Video",image);
cv::waitKey(1);
}
}
private: System::Void button4_Click(System::Object^ sender,System::EventArgs^ e) {
this->CamWhileLoop1 = false;
this->CamWhileLoop2 = false;
this->CamWhileLoop3 = false;
this->Close();
}
};
}
#include "MyForm.h"
using namespace ObjectCounter;
[STAThreadAttribute]
int main()
{
MyForm MainWindow;
MainWindow.ShowDialog();
return 0;
}
感谢您阅读问题！
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