如何解决发送电子邮件的脚本不适用于 Gmail 帐户
如果我使用 Gmail 设置(即端口 465 或 587 上的 smtp.gmail.com)运行它,脚本将不起作用,返回错误
服务器错误响应:需要 5.7.0 身份验证
# graphical stuff
Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Windows.Forms
Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Drawing
Add-Type -AssemblyName PresentationFramework
# import modules
$workdir = Get-Location
Import-Module -Name "$workdir\Modules\Forms.psm1" # module for windows forms
$answ = [System.Windows.MessageBox]::Show("Configure for sending mail alerts?",'ALERTS','YesNo','Info')
if ($answ -eq "Yes") {
# dialog Box
$formail = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.Form
$formail.Text = "CONfig"
$formail.Size = "500,300"
$formail.StartPosition = 'CenterScreen'
$formail.Topmost = $true
$address = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.Label
$address.Location = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(10,20)
$address.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(120,20)
$address.Text = "Mail address:"
$formail.Controls.Add($address)
$addressBox = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.TextBox
$addressBox.Location = New-Object System.Drawing.Point(130,20)
$addressBox.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(300,20)
$formail.Add_Shown({$addressBox.Select()})
$formail.Controls.Add($addressBox)
$passwd = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.Label
$passwd.Location = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(10,50)
$passwd.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(120,20)
$passwd.Text = "Password:"
$formail.Controls.Add($passwd)
$passwdBox = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.MaskedTextBox
$passwdBox.PasswordChar = '*'
$passwdBox.Location = New-Object System.Drawing.Point(130,50)
$passwdBox.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(300,20)
$formail.Add_Shown({$passwdBox.Select()})
$formail.Controls.Add($passwdBox)
$smtp = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.Label
$smtp.Location = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(10,80)
$smtp.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(120,20)
$smtp.Text = "SMTP server:"
$formail.Controls.Add($smtp)
$smtpBox = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.TextBox
$smtpBox.Location = New-Object System.Drawing.Point(130,80)
$smtpBox.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(300,20)
$formail.Add_Shown({$smtpBox.Select()})
$formail.Controls.Add($smtpBox)
$port = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.Label
$port.Location = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(10,110)
$port.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(120,20)
$port.Text = "Port:"
$formail.Controls.Add($port)
$portBox = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.TextBox
$portBox.Location = New-Object System.Drawing.Point(130,110)
$portBox.Size = New-Object System.Drawing.Size(300,20)
$portBox.Text = '587'
$formail.Add_Shown({$portBox.Select()})
$formail.Controls.Add($portBox)
$OKButton = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.Button
$OKButton.Location = "150,160"
$OKButton.Size = '100,30'
$OKButton.Text = "Ok"
$OKButton.DialogResult = [System.Windows.Forms.DialogResult]::OK
$formail.AcceptButton = $OKButton
$formail.Controls.Add($OKButton)
$result = $formail.ShowDialog()
# setting credentials
$usr = $addressBox.Text
$pwd = ConvertTo-securestring $passwdBox.Text -AsPlainText -Force
$credential = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential($usr,$pwd)
# define email content
$subject = 'TestMail.ps1'
$body = "Questa mail è stata mandata da uno script PowerShell"
# sending email
$ErrorActionPreference= 'Stop'
Try {
Send-MailMessage -From $addressBox.Text `
-To $addressBox.Text `
-Subject $subject `
-Body $body `
-SmtpServer $smtpBox.Text `
-UseSsl `
-Port $portBox.Text `
-Credential $credential
$ErrorActionPreference= 'Inquire'
}
Catch {
Write-Output "`nError: $($error[0].ToString())"
$answ = [System.Windows.MessageBox]::Show("Sending alert email Failed",'WARNING','Ok','Warning')
}
}
在 cmdlet Send-MailMessage 中,我没有找到任何强制身份验证的参数。如何有效地发送电子邮件?
解决方法
SMTP 服务器需要安全连接或客户端未通过身份验证。服务器响应为:5.5.1 需要身份验证:
按可能提供帮助的解决方案排序。
- 检查用户是否启用了 2fa,如果是,您将需要一个 apps password
- 检查您的Captcha loc
- 查看Xoauth2
我解决了这个问题。如here所述,我必须:
1 - 强制脚本使用 TLS 1.2
2 - 关闭两步验证并允许访问不安全的应用
感谢DaImTo的启发
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