如何解决如何为 Pygame 创建一个按钮库，我可以在以后使用 Pygame 的文件中引用它
我想为我的游戏创建一个独立于主文件的按钮模块。隔离运行正常。但是当我想在主文件中引用它时问题就出现了，因为它要么根本不显示在屏幕上（没有错误消息），要么会无限期地调用自己。
import pygame
class button:
def init(self,width,height,position = [],clr=[100,100,100],cngclr=None,func=None,text='',font_clr = (0,0),font="Courier New",font_size=16):
width = int(width)
height = int(height)
size = (width,height)
self.clr = clr
self.size = size
self.func = func
self.surf = pygame.Surface(size)
self.rect = self.surf.get_rect(center=position)
if cngclr:
self.cngclr = cngclr
else:
self.cngclr = clr
if len(clr) == 4:
self.surf.set_alpha(clr[3])
self.font = pygame.font.SysFont(font,font_size)
self.txt = text
self.font_clr = font_clr
self.txt_surf = self.font.render(self.txt,1,self.font_clr)
self.txt_rect = self.txt_surf.get_rect(center=[wh//2 for wh in self.size])
def draw(self,screen):
self.mouSEOver()
self.surf.fill(self.curclr)
self.surf.blit(self.txt_surf,self.txt_rect)
screen.blit(self.surf,self.rect)
def mouSEOver(self):
#what happens when the mouse hovers over the button
self.curclr = self.clr
pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
#colour changes to cng_clr
if self.rect.collidepoint(pos):
self.curclr = self.cngclr
def call_back(self,*args):
if self.func:
return self.func(*args)
class text:
def __init__(self,msg,position,font_size=15,mid=False):
self.position = position
self.font = pygame.font.SysFont(font,font_size)
self.txt_surf = self.font.render(msg,clr)
if len(clr) == 4:
self.txt_surf.set_alpha(clr[3])
if mid:
self.position = self.txt_surf.get_rect(center=position)
def draw(self,screen):
screen.blit(self.txt_surf,self.position)
# call back functions
def fn1():
print('button1')
def fn2():
print('button2')
if __name__ == '__main__':
pygame.init()
screen_size = (300,200)
size = 10
clr = [255,255]
bg = (255,255,0)
font_size = 15
font = pygame.font.Font(None,font_size)
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(screen_size)
screen.fill(bg)
button1 = button(position=[80,width = 100,height = 50,clr=(220,220,220),cngclr=(255,func=fn1,text='button1',font_clr = (200,10,10))
button2 = button((220,100),(100,50),(220,(255,fn2,'button2',font_clr = (100,100))
button_list = [button1,button2]
crash = True
while crash:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
crash = False
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
crash = False
elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
if event.button == 1:
pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
for b in button_list:
if b.rect.collidepoint(pos):
b.call_back()
pygame.display.update()
clock.tick(60)
这就是我在主文件中的调用方式。使用此代码，按钮甚至不会显示在屏幕上。
playButton = button(position = (60,300),clr = blue,cng_clr = lightBlue,func = Game.startScreen(self,enteredUsername,cow),text ='Play',font_clr = orange)
#this button allows the user to see account details and allows user to change
#password,see their high score etc.
accountButton = button(position = (180,width = 250,func = Game.accountDetails(self,enteredUsername),text = 'Account Details',font_clr = orange)
#this creates a quit button that closes the game window only
quitButton = button(position = (450,func = Game.quitGame(self),text = 'Quit',font_clr = orange)
buttonList = [playButton,accountButton,quitButton]
crash = True
while crash:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
crash = False
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
#if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
crash = False
elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
if event.button == 1:
pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
#this makes the function work
for b in buttonList:
if b.rect.collidepoint(pos):
b.call_back()
#draws all the buttons on a particular page
for b in buttonList:
b.draw(gamedisplay)
pygame.display.update()
但是，当我调用暂停按钮时。它会导致程序崩溃并说已达到最大递归深度。
代码是这样的：
global pauseButton
pauseButton = button(position = (560,10),width = 30,height = 30,clr = lightOrange,cng_clr = orange,func = Game.pause(self,text = "||")
#this creates a cow object
buttonList = [pauseButton,]
self.mode = ""
Game.setMode(self,enteredUsername)
mode = self.mode
global cow
cow = player(225,325,150,142)
#cow.setSprite(self,'blue')
overPause = False
global score
score = 0
run = True
#sets the speed of animation
speed = 180
#creates an array to put the obstacles in
#allows for random generation of obstacles
global obstacles
obstacles = []
#this sets the amount of time between each instance of an obstacle
#the shorter amount of time the more obstacles generated
cow.hit = False
lowestSpeed = 2500
highestSpeed = 3500
pygame.time.set_timer(USEREVENT+2,random.randrange(lowestSpeed,highestSpeed))
#the main loop
while run:
while cow.scoreAddition != 0:
score += 100
cow.scoreAddition = 0
score += 1
pygame.display.update()
#this means the obstacles will appear in the three rows randomly
x = [140,270,395]
randomNo = random.randint(0,2)
redrawGameWindow(None,score,None,mode)
clock.tick(speed)
#this allows for the scrolling background
bgY -= 2.8 #1.4
bgY2 -= 2.8 #1.4
if bgY < bg.get_height() * -1:
bgY = bg.get_height()
if bgY2 < bg.get_height() * -1:
bgY2 = bg.get_height()
event = pygame.event.poll()
if event.type == USEREVENT + 2:
#this makes it so the invincapple or milk is generated less than the dog
#this makes the game harder
r = random.randrange(0,8)
if r == 0:
obstacles.append(invincapple(x[randomNo],30,50,57))
elif (r >= 1 and r <= 6) or r == 8:
obstacles.append(dog(x[randomNo],70,87))
elif r == 7:
obstacles.append(milk(x[randomNo],60,100))
for obstacle in obstacles:
obstacleType = type(obstacle)
#this animates the obstacles
obstacle.y += 1.4
if obstacle.y < obstacle.height * -1:
obstacles.pop(obstacles.index(obstacle))
if ((cow.y - 1 < obstacle.y + obstacle.height)and (obstacle.y + obstacle.height < 450)
and (obstacle.x > cow.x and obstacle.x + obstacle.width < cow.x + cow.width)):
cow.hit = True
obstacle.hit = True
redrawGameWindow(obstacle,mode,obstacleType)
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
#this is the keyboard control
if self.mode == "Standard":
if keys[pygame.K_LEFT]:
#this checks if cow is not already in left
if not(cow.left):
cow.left = True
cow.right = False
for obstacle in obstacles:
obstacleType = type(obstacle)
#this checks if the cow is in collision when the cow is in the left position
if (cow.y - 1 < obstacle.y + obstacle.height)and (obstacle.y + obstacle.height <450) and (obstacle.x > cow.x and obstacle.x + obstacle.width < cow.x + cow.width):
cow.hit = True
obstacle.hit = True
redrawGameWindow(obstacle,obstacleType)
else:
cow.hit = False
obstacle.hit = False
redrawGameWindow(obstacle,obstacleType)
elif keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
#this checks if cow is not already in right
if not(cow.right):
cow.right = True
cow.left = False
for obstacle in obstacles:
obstacleType = type(obstacle)
#this checks if the cow is in collision when the cow is in the right position
if (cow.y - 1 < obstacle.y + obstacle.height) and (obstacle.y + obstacle.height <450) and (obstacle.x > cow.x and obstacle.x + obstacle.width < cow.x + cow.width):
cow.hit = True
obstacle.hit = True
redrawGameWindow(obstacle,obstacleType)
elif keys[pygame.K_DOWN]:
#this places the cow back in the original centre position
cow.left = False
cow.right = False
for obstacle in obstacles:
obstacleType = type(obstacle)
#this checks if the cow is in collision when the cow is in the centre position
if (cow.y - 1 < obstacle.y + obstacle.height) and (obstacle.y + obstacle.height < 450)and (obstacle.x > cow.x and obstacle.x + obstacle.width < cow.x + cow.width):
cow.hit = True
obstacle.hit = True
redrawGameWindow(obstacle,obstacleType)
else:
cow.hit = False
obstacle.hit = False
redrawGameWindow(obstacle,obstacleType)
elif self.mode == "Hard":
if keys[pygame.K_s]:
#this checks if cow is not already in left
if not(cow.left):
cow.left = True
cow.right = False
for obstacle in obstacles:
obstacleType = type(obstacle)
#this checks if the cow is in collision when the cow is in the left position
if (cow.y - 1 < obstacle.y + obstacle.height)and (obstacle.y + obstacle.height <450) and (obstacle.x > cow.x and obstacle.x + obstacle.width < cow.x + cow.width):
cow.hit = True
obstacle.hit = True
redrawGameWindow(obstacle,obstacleType)
elif keys[pygame.K_h]:
#this checks if cow is not already in right
if not(cow.right):
cow.right = True
cow.left = False
for obstacle in obstacles:
obstacleType = type(obstacle)
#this checks if the cow is in collision when the cow is in the right position
if (cow.y - 1 < obstacle.y + obstacle.height) and (obstacle.y + obstacle.height <450)and (obstacle.x > cow.x and obstacle.x + obstacle.width < cow.x + cow.width):
cow.hit = True
obstacle.hit = True
redrawGameWindow(obstacle,obstacleType)
elif keys[pygame.K_c]:
#this places the cow back in the original centre position
cow.left = False
cow.right = False
for obstacle in obstacles:
obstacleType = type(obstacle)
#this checks if the cow is in collision when the cow is in the centre position
if (cow.y - 1 < obstacle.y + obstacle.height) and (obstacle.y + obstacle.height < 450)and (obstacle.x > cow.x and obstacle.x + obstacle.width < cow.x + cow.width):
cow.hit = True
obstacle.hit = True
redrawGameWindow(obstacle,obstacleType)
elif self.mode == "Beast":
if keys[pygame.K_a]:
#this checks if cow is not already in left
if not(cow.left):
cow.left = True
cow.right = False
for obstacle in obstacles:
obstacleType = type(obstacle)
#this checks if the cow is in collision when the cow is in the left position
if (cow.y - 1 < obstacle.y + obstacle.height)and (obstacle.y + obstacle.height <450)and (obstacle.x > cow.x and obstacle.x + obstacle.width < cow.x + cow.width):
cow.hit = True
obstacle.hit = True
redrawGameWindow(obstacle,obstacleType)
elif keys[pygame.K_k]:
#this checks if cow is not already in right
if not(cow.right):
cow.right = True
cow.left = False
for obstacle in obstacles:
obstacleType = type(obstacle)
#this checks if the cow is in collision when the cow is in the right position
if (cow.y - 1 < obstacle.y + obstacle.height) and (obstacle.y + obstacle.height <450)and (obstacle.x > cow.x and obstacle.x + obstacle.width < cow.x + cow.width):
cow.hit = True
obstacle.hit = True
redrawGameWindow(obstacle,obstacleType)
elif keys[pygame.K_v]:
#this places the cow back in the original centre position
cow.left = False
cow.right = False
for obstacle in obstacles:
obstacleType = type(obstacle)
#this checks if the cow is in collision when the cow is in the centre position
if (cow.y - 1 < obstacle.y + obstacle.height) and (obstacle.y + obstacle.height < 450)and (obstacle.x > cow.x and obstacle.x + obstacle.width < cow.x + cow.width):
cow.hit = True
obstacle.hit = True
redrawGameWindow(obstacle,obstacleType)
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEMOTION:
mx,my = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
print("Mouse at (%d,%d)"%event.pos)
if (mx >= 560 and mx <= 590) and (my >= 10 and my <= 40):
pauseButton.color = lightOrange
pauseButton.redrawWindow(orange,blue,None)
pygame.display.update()
overPause = True
else:
pauseButton.color = orange
pauseButton.redrawWindow(orange,None)
elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONUP and overPause == True:
buttonSound = pygame.mixer.sound('buttonClick.wav')
pygame.mixer.sound.play(buttonSound)
time.sleep(0.3)
Game.pause(self,enteredUsername)
run = False
elif event.type == USEREVENT + 1:
speed += 1
else:
pygame.display.update()
crash = True
while crash:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
crash = False
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
#if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
crash = False
elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
if event.button == 1:
pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
#this makes the function work
for b in buttonList:
if b.rect.collidepoint(pos):
b.call_back()
#draws all the buttons on a particular page
for b in buttonList:
b.draw(gamedisplay)
pygame.display.update()
gameFont = pygame.font.SysFont("Courier New",20,bold = True)
#this sets what the title will say
global textSurface
textSurface = gameFont.render("score: " + str(score),False,black)
#puts the text on the window gamedisplay
gamedisplay.blit(textSurface,(0,0))
clock.tick(speed)
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