如何解决使用 ggsave 和其他保存功能绘图时出错
我有一个关于函数 ggsave() 的问题,我将非常感谢任何帮助和/或建议/解决方案。我正在创建四个图并将它们全部放在一个大图中,因为我想使用数据框中的所有列循环整个函数,所以我想将创建的图保存在指定的文件夹中(最好带有识别名称)。>
plotting_fun3 <- function(Q){
plot1 <- plot_likert(
t(Q),title = "Total population",legend.labels = c("strongly disagree","disagree","neither nor","agree","strongly agree"),grid.range = c(1.6,1.1),expand.grid = FALSE,axis.labels = c(" "),values = "sum.outside",show.prc.sign = TRUE,catcount = 4,cat.neutral = 3,)
plot2 <- plot_likert(
t(Q[survey$animal=="Dogs"]),title = "Female",)
plot3 <- plot_likert(
t(Q[survey$animal=="Cats"]),title = "Male",)
plot4 <- plot_likert(
t(Q[survey$animal=="Turtle"]),title = "Others",)
theplot <- ggarrange(plot1,plot2,plot3,plot4,labels = NULL,common.legend = TRUE,legend = "bottom",ncol = 1,nrow = 4)
#ggsave(filename=paste(Q,".png",sep=""),plot=theplot,device = "png")
#ggsave(filename=paste("animal_plot",ID,".jpeg"),plot=plots[[x]])
#ggsave(path = "/myDirectory",# device = "png",filename = "animal_plot",plot = theplot)
#save_plot(filename = "hello",plot = theplot,# "/myDirectory",# device = "png")
#ggsave(sprintf("%s.pdf",Q),device = "pdf")
return(theplot)
}
注释行显示了我尝试将绘图保存在我的目录中的各种方式。我遇到了 2 个不同的问题:
要么:我在堆栈溢出时发现的大多数 ggsave 建议。其中一些没有包含行 device = "png"
。如果我省略这行代码,我总是会得到这样的结果:
Fehler: `device` must be NULL,a string or a function.
Run `rlang::last_error()` to see where the error occurred.
如果我按照那个命令我得到:
<error/rlang_error>
`device` must be NULL,a string or a function.
Backtrace:
1. global::plotting_fun3(survey[,9])
2. ggplot2::ggsave(sprintf("%s.pdf",Q))
3. ggplot2:::plot_dev(device,filename,dpi = dpi)
Run `rlang::last_trace()` to see the full context.
> rlang::last_trace()
<error/rlang_error>
`device` must be NULL,a string or a function.
Backtrace:
█
1. └─global::plotting_fun3(survey[,9])
2. └─ggplot2::ggsave(sprintf("%s.pdf",Q))
3. └─ggplot2:::plot_dev(device,dpi = dpi)
所以我在网上找到了有相同或类似问题的人,建议一直使用 device = "png"
或类似的。
现在,如果我这样做,我会遇到一个不同的问题: 绘图保存在正确的目录中,但名称错误。通常名称是“3.png”或“3.pdf”或取决于我创建的内容。如果“3.png”已经存在,它会给文件另一个编号。
三个月前我在一个旧项目中遇到了这个问题,无法解决,现在又遇到了。
就其价值而言,我使用的是 macOS Mojave 10.14.6,我的 R 版本是 1.3.1093 版
预先感谢您的任何想法、建议或其他意见。
[编辑]
以下是一些示例数据:
> str(myDF[,c(2,9:10)])
data.frame': 123 obs. of 3 variables:
$ animal: chr "Cats" "Cats" "Turtles" "Cats" ...
$ q8 : int 3 5 5 3 4 4 2 5 3 5 ...
$ q9.1 : int 4 5 5 4 3 4 2 4 2 4 ...
所有观察值的值都保持在 1 到 5 之间。它们实际上代表了诸如“非常同意”、“同意”、“既不同意也不反对”等答案。
或者,如果您更喜欢这个而不是另一个:
> myDF[,9:10)]
animal q8 q9.1
1 Cats 3 4
2 Cats 5 5
3 Turtles 5 5
4 Cats 3 4
5 Turtles 4 3
6 Turtles 4 4
7 Turtles 2 2
8 Cats 5 4
9 Cats 3 2
10 Turtles 5 4
11 Turtles 4 3
12 Turtles 3 3
13 Dogs 3 3
14 Cats 3 3
15 Dogs 1 1
16 Dogs 1 3
解决方法
文件名的问题是由于您使用了 Q
,它是文件名定义中的一个数据框,因此它会导致一些非常混乱的方式,这取决于您的系统如何处理文件名。
# This command result in a few long character depend on number of columns in Q.
# 4 columns w+ill result 4 long character and ggsvave will return the error
# Error: `device` must be NULL,a string or a function.
ggsave(filename=paste(Q,".png",sep=""),plot=theplot,device = "png")
# Again not sure what ID is here but if it was a dataframe you got
# same error with previous one.
ggsave(filename=paste("animal_plot",ID,".jpeg"),plot=plots[[x]])
# This one it doesn't specific a file name but a directory
# ggsave will return an error:
# Error: Unknown graphics device ''
# If you specify device = "png" - error will be:
# Error in grid.newpage() : could not open file '/home/sinh'
ggsave(path = "/myDirectory",device = "png",filename = "animal_plot",plot = theplot)
# Why there is a param "/myDirectory" here? and you should specify the extention
# in the file name. So the correct param is:
# filename = "/myDirectory/hello.png"
save_plot(filename = "hello",plot = theplot,"/myDirectory",device = "png")
这里应该可以正常工作,但您需要手动输入文件名:
character_variable <- "my_character_variable_here_"
index_number <- 20
# If you specify sep = "" then just need to use paste0
file_name <- paste0(character_variable,index_number)
ggsave(filename=paste(file_name,plot=plots[[x]],device = "png")
这是我基于你的函数的重写函数。你可以尝试一下并稍微调整一下
# df is your survey data.frame
# q_column_name is the name of questionare column that you want to graph.
# the final output file will use q_column_name as file name.
plotting_fun3 <- function(df,q_column_name){
require(foreach)
require(dplyr)
require(tidyr)
graph_data <- df %>% select(one_of("animal",q_column_name))
plot1 <- plot_likert(
t(graph_data),title = "Total population",legend.labels = c("strongly disagree","disagree","neither nor","agree","strongly agree"),grid.range = c(1.6,1.1),expand.grid = FALSE,axis.labels = c(" "),values = "sum.outside",show.prc.sign = TRUE,catcount = 4,cat.neutral = 3,)
animal_plots <- foreach(current_animal = c("Dog","Cats","Turtle")) %do% {
plot_likert(
t(graph_data %>% filter(animal == current_animal)),title = "Female",cat.neutral = 3
)
}
theplot <- ggarrange(plot1,animal_plots[[1]],animal_plots[[2]],animal_plots[[3]],labels = NULL,common.legend = TRUE,legend = "bottom",ncol = 1,nrow = 4)
ggsave(filename=paste(q_column_name,device = "png")
return(theplot)
}
这里是如何使用该功能
# Assume that your survey dataframe variable is myDF
my_new_plot <- plotting_fun3(df = myDF,q_column_name = "q8")
[更新] - 增加了解决图形问题的功能。
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