从纯 C 使用 Windows 运行时 API

分类：编程问答

如何解决从纯 C 使用 Windows 运行时 API

据我所知，Windows 运行时是 Windows 公开其 API 的新基础结构。我的问题很简单：如何从纯 C 代码中使用它？我不介意编写更多代码，我只是想了解事物是如何联系在一起的。

让我们以微软提供的基本示例为例：https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/apps/desktop/modernize/desktop-to-uwp-enhance。具体来说，“修改 C++ Win32 项目以使用 Windows 运行时 API”，有一个示例展示了如何显示来自应用程序的 Toast 通知。我如何翻译该代码以从一个普通的 .c 文件中使用它？

我在 C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Include\10.0.19041.0\winrt 中找到了一些头文件，例如 windows.ui.notifications.h 我认为可能有用，但我不知道我应该如何使用其中的内容。在 MSDN 上，没有文章谈论纯 C，只有各种托管语言和 C++ 的投影。

拜托，这更像是一个学术问题。我过去曾成功地使用过 C 中的 COM 并且对它非常满意，但为此，我在网上找不到任何关于它的提及或文章。

谢谢。

编辑 现在我有一些成功执行的代码（结果 HRESULT 为 S_OK），但没有显示 toast。知道如何调试吗？毕竟有什么可能会失败？我还没有实现 COM 激活器，因为我有一个类似的 PowerShell 脚本，它与我用 C 编写的东西基本相同。我被卡住了，迷路了，也许有人可以帮忙。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <initguid.h>
#include <roapi.h>
#pragma comment(lib,"runtimeobject.lib")
#include <Windows.ui.notifications.h>
#include <winstring.h>
#include <shobjidl_core.h>
#include <propvarutil.h>
#include <propkey.h>
#include <Psapi.h>

// ABI.Windows.UI.Notifications.IToastNotificationManagerStatics
// 50ac103f-d235-4598-bbef-98fe4d1a3ad4
DEFINE_GUID(UIID_IToastNotificationManagerStatics,0x50ac103f,0xd235,0x4598,0xbb,0xef,0x98,0xfe,0x4d,0x1a,0x3a,0xd4
);

// ABI.Windows.Data.Xml.Dom.IXmlDocument
// f7f3a506-1e87-42d6-bcfb-b8c809fa5494
DEFINE_GUID(UIID_IXmlDocument,0xf7f3a506,0x1e87,0x42d6,0xbc,0xfb,0xb8,0xc8,0x09,0xfa,0x54,0x94
);

// ABI.Windows.Data.Xml.Dom.IXmlDocumentIO
// 6cd0e74e-ee65-4489-9ebf-ca43e87ba637
DEFINE_GUID(UIID_IXmlDocumentIO,0x6cd0e74e,0xee65,0x4489,0x9e,0xbf,0xca,0x43,0xe8,0x7b,0xa6,0x37
);

// ABI.Windows.Notifications.IToastNotificationFactory
// 04124b20-82c6-4229-b109-fd9ed4662b53
DEFINE_GUID(UIID_IToastNotificationFactory,0x04124b20,0x82c6,0x4229,0xb1,0xfd,0xd4,0x66,0x2b,0x53
);

// CLSID_ShellLink
// 00021401-0000-0000-C000-000000000046
DEFINE_GUID(CLSID_ShellLink,0x00021401,0x0000,0xc0,0x00,0x46
);

// IShellLinkW
// 000214F9-0000-0000-C000-000000000046
DEFINE_GUID(IID_ShellLink,0x000214f9,0x46
);

// IPropertyStore
// 886d8eeb-8cf2-4446-8d02-cdba1dbdcf99
DEFINE_GUID(IID_IPropertyStore,0x886d8eeb,0x8cf2,0x4446,0x8d,0x02,0xcd,0xba,0x1d,0xbd,0xcf,0x99
);

// IPersistFile
// 0000010b-0000-0000-C000-000000000046
DEFINE_GUID(IID_IPersistFile,0x0000010b,0x46
);

#define APP_ID L"valinet.thunderbirdtoasts"
#define APP_CLSID L"04f9ecea-f0da-4ea2-b2d7-acf208ae30a1"
// APP_UUID
// 04f9ecea-f0da-4ea2-b2d7-acf208ae30a1
/*
DEFINE_GUID(APP_UUID,0x04f9ecea,0xf0da,0x4ea2,0xb2,0xd7,0xac,0xf2,0x08,0xae,0x30,0xa1
);
*/

inline HRESULT InitPropVariantFromString(_In_ PCWSTR psz,_Out_ PROPVARIANT* ppropvar)
{
    HRESULT hr = psz != NULL ? S_OK : E_INVALIDARG; // Previous API behavior counter to the SAL requirement.
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        SIZE_T const byteCount = (SIZE_T)((wcslen(psz) + 1) * sizeof(*psz));
        V_UNION(ppropvar,pwszVal) = (PWSTR)(CoTaskMemAlloc(byteCount));
        hr = V_UNION(ppropvar,pwszVal) ? S_OK : E_OUTOFMEMORY;
        if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
        {
            memcpy_s(V_UNION(ppropvar,pwszVal),byteCount,psz,byteCount);
            V_VT(ppropvar) = VT_LPWSTR;
        }
    }
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        PropVariantInit(ppropvar);
    }
    return hr;
}


HRESULT InstallShortcut(_In_z_ wchar_t* shortcutPath)
{
    wchar_t exePath[MAX_PATH];

    DWORD charWritten = GetModuleFileNameEx(
        GetCurrentProcess(),NULL,exePath,ARRAYSIZE(exePath)
    );

    HRESULT hr = charWritten > 0 ? S_OK : E_FAIL;

    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        IShellLink* shellLink = NULL;
        hr = CoCreateInstance(
            &CLSID_ShellLink,CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,&IID_ShellLink,&shellLink
        );
        if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
        {
            hr = shellLink->lpVtbl->SetPath(shellLink,exePath);
            if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
            {
                hr = shellLink->lpVtbl->SetArguments(shellLink,L"");
                if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
                {
                    IPropertyStore* propertyStore;
                    shellLink->lpVtbl->QueryInterface(
                        shellLink,&IID_IPropertyStore,&propertyStore
                    );
                    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
                    {
                        PROPVARIANT appIdPropVar;
                        hr = InitPropVariantFromString(APP_ID,&appIdPropVar);
                        if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
                        {
                            hr = propertyStore->lpVtbl->SetValue(propertyStore,&PKEY_AppUserModel_ID,&appIdPropVar);
                            if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
                            {
                                PROPVARIANT appClsIdPropVar;
                                hr = InitPropVariantFromString(APP_CLSID,&appClsIdPropVar);
                                if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
                                {
                                    hr = propertyStore->lpVtbl->SetValue(propertyStore,&PKEY_AppUserModel_ToastActivatorCLSID,&appClsIdPropVar);
                                    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
                                    {
                                        hr = propertyStore->lpVtbl->Commit(propertyStore);
                                        if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
                                        {
                                            IPersistFile* persistFile = NULL;
                                            shellLink->lpVtbl->QueryInterface(
                                                shellLink,&IID_IPersistFile,&persistFile
                                            );
                                            if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
                                            {
                                                hr = persistFile->lpVtbl->Save(persistFile,shortcutPath,TRUE);
                                            }
                                        }
                                    }
                                    PropVariantClear(&appClsIdPropVar);
                                }
                            }
                            PropVariantClear(&appIdPropVar);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return hr;
}

HRESULT TryCreateShortcut()
{
    wchar_t shortcutPath[MAX_PATH];
    DWORD charWritten = GetEnvironmentVariable(L"APPDATA",MAX_PATH);
    HRESULT hr = charWritten > 0 ? S_OK : E_INVALIDARG;

    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        errno_t concatError = wcscat_s(shortcutPath,ARRAYSIZE(shortcutPath),L"\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\Thunderbird Toasts.lnk");

        hr = concatError == 0 ? S_OK : E_INVALIDARG;
        if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
        {
            DWORD attributes = GetFileAttributes(shortcutPath);
            BOOL fileExists = attributes < 0xFFFFFFF;

            if (!fileExists)
            {
                hr = InstallShortcut(shortcutPath);  // See step 2.
            }
            else
            {
                hr = S_FALSE;
            }
        }
    }
    return hr;
}

HRESULT CreateXmlDocumentFromString(
    const wchar_t* xmlString,__x_ABI_CWindows_CData_CXml_CDom_CIXmlDocument** doc
)
{
    HRESULT hr;
    HSTRING_HEADER header_;

    HSTRING IXmlDocumentHString;
    hr = WindowsCreateStringReference(
        RuntimeClass_Windows_Data_Xml_Dom_XmlDocument,wcslen(RuntimeClass_Windows_Data_Xml_Dom_XmlDocument),&header_,&IXmlDocumentHString
    );
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("WindowsCreateStringReference IXmlDocumentHString\n");
        return hr;
    }
    if (IXmlDocumentHString == NULL)
    {
        return 1;
    }

    IInspectable* pInspectable;
    hr = RoActivateInstance(IXmlDocumentHString,&pInspectable);
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        hr = pInspectable->lpVtbl->QueryInterface(
            pInspectable,&UIID_IXmlDocument,doc
        );
        pInspectable->lpVtbl->Release(pInspectable);
    }
    else
    {
        printf("RoActivateInstance IXmlDocumentHString\n");
        return hr;
    }

    __x_ABI_CWindows_CData_CXml_CDom_CIXmlDocumentIO* docIO;
    (*doc)->lpVtbl->QueryInterface(
        (*doc),&UIID_IXmlDocumentIO,&docIO
    );
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("QueryInterface IXmlDocumentIO\n");
        return hr;
    }

    HSTRING XmlString;
    hr = WindowsCreateStringReference(
        xmlString,wcslen(xmlString),&XmlString
    );
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("WindowsCreateStringReference XmlString\n");
        return hr;
    }
    if (XmlString == NULL)
    {
        return 1;
    }

    hr = docIO->lpVtbl->LoadXml(docIO,XmlString);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("LoadXml IXmlDocumentIO\n");
        return hr;
    }
    
    return hr;
}

int main()
{
    HRESULT hr = RoInitialize(RO_INIT_MULTITHREADED);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("RoInitialize\n");
        return 0;
    }

    TryCreateShortcut();

    HSTRING_HEADER header_;
    HSTRING ToastNotificationManagerHString;
    hr = WindowsCreateStringReference(
        RuntimeClass_Windows_UI_Notifications_ToastNotificationManager,wcslen(RuntimeClass_Windows_UI_Notifications_ToastNotificationManager),&ToastNotificationManagerHString
    );
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("WindowsCreateStringReference ToastNotificationManagerHString\n");
        return 0;
    }
    if (ToastNotificationManagerHString == NULL)
    {
        return 0;
    }

    __x_ABI_CWindows_CUI_CNotifications_CIToastNotificationManagerStatics* toastStatics = NULL;
    hr = RoGetActivationFactory(
        ToastNotificationManagerHString,&UIID_IToastNotificationManagerStatics,(LPVOID*)&toastStatics
    );
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("RoGetActivationFactory ToastNotificationManagerHString\n");
        return 0;
    }

    __x_ABI_CWindows_CData_CXml_CDom_CIXmlDocument* inputXml = NULL;
    hr = CreateXmlDocumentFromString(
        L"<toast activationType=\"protocol\" launch=\"imsprevn://0\" duration=\"long\">"
        L"<visual><binding template=\"ToastGeneric\"><text>text1</text><text>text2</text><text placement=\"attribution\">attr</text>"
        L"</binding></visual><audio src=\"ms-winsoundevent:Notification.Mail\" loop=\"false\" /></toast>",&inputXml
    );
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("CreateXmlDocumentFromString\n");
        return 0;
    }

    HSTRING AppIdHString;
    hr = WindowsCreateStringReference(
        APP_ID,wcslen(APP_ID),&AppIdHString
    );
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("WindowsCreateStringReference AppIdHString\n");
        return 0;
    }
    if (AppIdHString == NULL)
    {
        return 0;
    }

    __x_ABI_CWindows_CUI_CNotifications_CIToastNotifier* notifier;
    hr = toastStatics->lpVtbl->CreateToastNotifierWithId(toastStatics,AppIdHString,&notifier);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("CreateToastNotifier\n");
        return 0;
    }
    
    HSTRING ToastNotificationHString;
    hr = WindowsCreateStringReference(
        RuntimeClass_Windows_UI_Notifications_ToastNotification,wcslen(RuntimeClass_Windows_UI_Notifications_ToastNotification),&ToastNotificationHString
    );
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("WindowsCreateStringReference ToastNotificationHString\n");
        return 0;
    }
    if (ToastNotificationHString == NULL)
    {
        return 0;
    }

    __x_ABI_CWindows_CUI_CNotifications_CIToastNotificationFactory* notifFactory = NULL;
    hr = RoGetActivationFactory(
        ToastNotificationHString,&UIID_IToastNotificationFactory,(LPVOID*)&notifFactory
    );
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("RoGetActivationFactory ToastNotificationHString\n");
        return 0;
    }

    __x_ABI_CWindows_CUI_CNotifications_CIToastNotification2* notif = NULL;
    hr = notifFactory->lpVtbl->CreateToastNotification(notifFactory,inputXml,&notif);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("CreateToastNotification\n");
        return 0;
    }

    hr = notif->lpVtbl->put_Tag(notif,AppIdHString);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("put_Tag\n");
        return 0;
    }

    hr = notif->lpVtbl->put_Group(notif,AppIdHString);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("put_Group\n");
        return 0;
    }

    hr = notifier->lpVtbl->Show(notifier,notif);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("Show\n");
        return 0;
    }


    printf("success\n");
    return 0;
}

这是清单文件（IsWindows10OrGreater() 返回 1）：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<assembly manifestVersion="1.0" xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" xmlns:asmv3="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">
    <assemblyIdentity
        type="win32"
        name="valinet.testapp"
        version="1.2.3.4"
        processorArchitecture="x86"
    />
    <description>TestApp</description>
    <compatibility xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:compatibility.v1">
        <application>
            <!-- Windows 10 -->
            <supportedOS Id="{8e0f7a12-bfb3-4fe8-b9a5-48fd50a15a9a}"/>
            <!-- Windows 8.1 -->
            <supportedOS Id="{1f676c76-80e1-4239-95bb-83d0f6d0da78}"/>
            <!-- Windows 8 -->
            <supportedOS Id="{4a2f28e3-53b9-4441-ba9c-d69d4a4a6e38}"/>
            <!-- Windows 7 -->
            <supportedOS Id="{35138b9a-5d96-4fbd-8e2d-a2440225f93a}"/>
            <!-- Windows Vista -->
            <supportedOS Id="{e2011457-1546-43c5-a5fe-008deee3d3f0}"/> 
        </application>
    </compatibility>
    <trustInfo xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">
        <security>
            <requestedPrivileges>
                <!--
                  UAC settings:
                  - app should run at same integrity level as calling process
                  - app does not need to manipulate windows belonging to
                    higher-integrity-level processes
                  -->
                <requestedExecutionLevel
                    level="asInvoker"
                    uiAccess="false"
                />   
            </requestedPrivileges>
        </security>
    </trustInfo>
</assembly>

这是 PowerShell 脚本：

param ($appid,$action,$title,$text,$attr,$duration,$audio)

[Windows.UI.Notifications.ToastNotificationManager,Windows.UI.Notifications,ContentType = WindowsRuntime] | Out-Null
[Windows.UI.Notifications.ToastNotification,ContentType = WindowsRuntime] | Out-Null
[Windows.Data.Xml.Dom.XmlDocument,Windows.Data.Xml.Dom.XmlDocument,ContentType = WindowsRuntime] | Out-Null

$template = @"
<toast activationType="protocol" launch="$action" duration="$duration">
    <visual>
        <binding template="ToastGeneric">
            
            
            <text><![CDATA[$title]]></text>
            
            
            <text><![CDATA[$text]]></text>
            
            
            <text placement="attribution"><![CDATA[$attr]]></text>
        </binding>
    </visual>
    
    <audio src="$audio" loop="false" />
    
    
</toast>
"@

$xml = New-Object Windows.Data.Xml.Dom.XmlDocument
$xml.LoadXml($template)
$toast = New-Object Windows.UI.Notifications.ToastNotification $xml
$toast.Tag = $appid
$toast.Group = $appid

[Windows.UI.Notifications.ToastNotificationManager]::CreateToastNotifier($appid).Show($toast)

解决方法

我终于明白了。问题是，您必须在终止进程之前稍等片刻，以便 COM 线程有机会实际完成工作并传递通知。上面发布的代码完全有效，我稍后会发布一个仅包含绝对必要内容的修订版本。我解决它的方法是剥离所有内容，直到示例应用程序 (https://github.com/microsoft/Windows-classic-samples/blob/master/Samples/DesktopToasts/CPP/DesktopToastsSample.cpp) 具有与我相同的代码，唯一的区别是消息队列在“发送”请求后使示例应用程序保持活动状态吐司。

此外，如果您对通知只能触发一个协议感到满意，并且它不包含任何按钮，您可以跳过在开始中创建快捷方式而只使用另一个应用程序的 appid。如果您提供的 appid 不属于任何已安装的应用程序，则 toast 将没有图标，应用程序名称将是您提供的任何内容。这对于为当前应用程序开发扩展/附加组件的人来说非常有用，他们实际上不需要用不必要的快捷方式来弄乱开始菜单。按钮需要 COM 激活，因为不幸的是，但至少我们有这个。

是的，您也不需要应用清单。现在的问题是在终止之前等待的正确方法是什么？我的意思是，Sleep(200); 当然很好，但我对正确的解决方案很好奇。

要获取已安装应用的应用 ID，请在 PowerShell 中键入 Get-StartApps。

编辑：这是希望释放内存等的工作代码。

// Set project Properties - Configuration Properties - Linker - All Options -
// - Additional Dependencies - runtimeobject.lib
// #pragma comment(lib,"runtimeobject.lib") does not work when compiled 
// without default lib for whatever reason
//
// Set project Properties - Configuration Properties - Linker - All Options - 
// - SubSystem - Windows or change to Console
// and modify the entry point and the signature of "main"
// the pragma belowis optional
#include <initguid.h>
#include <roapi.h>
#include <Windows.ui.notifications.h>
#define Done(code) ExitProcess(code)
// Choose whether you would like to compile with/without the standard library
#define INCLUDE_DEFAULTLIB
#undef INCLUDE_DEFAULTLIB
#ifdef INCLUDE_DEFAULTLIB
#include <stdio.h>
#define __wcslen wcslen
#else
#pragma comment(linker,"/NODEFAULTLIB")
#pragma comment(linker,"/ENTRY:wWinMain")
void printf(char* b,...) {}
DWORD __wcslen(WCHAR* pszText)
{
    WCHAR* pszCurrent = pszText;
    while (pszCurrent[0])
    {
        pszCurrent++;
    }
    return pszCurrent - pszText;
}
#endif

// UUIDs obtained from <windows.ui.notifications.h>
//
// ABI.Windows.UI.Notifications.IToastNotificationManagerStatics
// 50ac103f-d235-4598-bbef-98fe4d1a3ad4
DEFINE_GUID(UIID_IToastNotificationManagerStatics,0x50ac103f,0xd235,0x4598,0xbb,0xef,0x98,0xfe,0x4d,0x1a,0x3a,0xd4
);
//
// ABI.Windows.Notifications.IToastNotificationFactory
// 04124b20-82c6-4229-b109-fd9ed4662b53
DEFINE_GUID(UIID_IToastNotificationFactory,0x04124b20,0x82c6,0x4229,0xb1,0x09,0xfd,0x9e,0xd4,0x66,0x2b,0x53
);

// UUIDs obtained from <windows.data.xml.dom.h>
//
// ABI.Windows.Data.Xml.Dom.IXmlDocument
// f7f3a506-1e87-42d6-bcfb-b8c809fa5494
DEFINE_GUID(UIID_IXmlDocument,0xf7f3a506,0x1e87,0x42d6,0xbc,0xfb,0xb8,0xc8,0xfa,0x54,0x94
);
//
// ABI.Windows.Data.Xml.Dom.IXmlDocumentIO
// 6cd0e74e-ee65-4489-9ebf-ca43e87ba637
DEFINE_GUID(UIID_IXmlDocumentIO,0x6cd0e74e,0xee65,0x4489,0xbf,0xca,0x43,0xe8,0x7b,0xa6,0x37
);

// This is the AppUserModelId of an application from the Start menu
// If you don't supply a valid entry here,the toast will have no icon
// The ID below is for Mozilla Thunderbird
#define APP_ID L"D78BF5DD33499EC2"

HRESULT CreateXmlDocumentFromString(
    const wchar_t* xmlString,__x_ABI_CWindows_CData_CXml_CDom_CIXmlDocument** doc
)
{
    HRESULT hr = S_OK;

    HSTRING_HEADER header_IXmlDocumentHString;
    HSTRING IXmlDocumentHString;
    hr = WindowsCreateStringReference(
        RuntimeClass_Windows_Data_Xml_Dom_XmlDocument,(UINT32)__wcslen(RuntimeClass_Windows_Data_Xml_Dom_XmlDocument),&header_IXmlDocumentHString,&IXmlDocumentHString
    );
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("%s:%d:: WindowsCreateStringReference\n",__FUNCTION__,__LINE__);
        return hr;
    }
    if (IXmlDocumentHString == NULL)
    {
        return E_POINTER;
    }

    IInspectable* pInspectable;
    hr = RoActivateInstance(IXmlDocumentHString,&pInspectable);
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        hr = pInspectable->lpVtbl->QueryInterface(
            pInspectable,&UIID_IXmlDocument,doc
        );
        pInspectable->lpVtbl->Release(pInspectable);
    }
    else
    {
        printf("%s:%d:: RoActivateInstance\n",__LINE__);
        return hr;
    }

    __x_ABI_CWindows_CData_CXml_CDom_CIXmlDocumentIO* docIO;
    (*doc)->lpVtbl->QueryInterface(
        (*doc),&UIID_IXmlDocumentIO,&docIO
    );
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("%s:%d:: QueryInterface\n",__LINE__);
        return hr;
    }

    HSTRING_HEADER header_XmlString;
    HSTRING XmlString;
    hr = WindowsCreateStringReference(
        xmlString,(UINT32)__wcslen(xmlString),&header_XmlString,&XmlString
    );
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("%s:%d:: WindowsCreateStringReference\n",__LINE__);
        docIO->lpVtbl->Release(docIO);
        return hr;
    }
    if (XmlString == NULL)
    {
        return E_POINTER;
    }

    hr = docIO->lpVtbl->LoadXml(docIO,XmlString);

    docIO->lpVtbl->Release(docIO);

    return hr;
}

int WINAPI wWinMain(
    _In_ HINSTANCE hInstance,_In_opt_ HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,_In_ LPWSTR lpCmdLine,_In_ int nShowCmd
) 
{
#ifdef INCLUDE_DEFAULTLIB
    FILE* conout;
    AllocConsole();
    freopen_s(&conout,"CONOUT$","w",stdout);
#endif

    HRESULT hr = S_OK;

    hr = RoInitialize(RO_INIT_MULTITHREADED);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("%s:%d:: RoInitialize\n",__LINE__);
        goto exit0;
    }

    HSTRING_HEADER header_AppIdHString;
    HSTRING AppIdHString;
    hr = WindowsCreateStringReference(
        APP_ID,(UINT32)__wcslen(APP_ID),&header_AppIdHString,&AppIdHString
    );
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("%s:%d:: WindowsCreateStringReference\n",__LINE__);
        goto exit1;
    }
    if (AppIdHString == NULL)
    {
        hr = E_POINTER;
        goto exit1;
    }

    __x_ABI_CWindows_CData_CXml_CDom_CIXmlDocument* inputXml = NULL;
    hr = CreateXmlDocumentFromString(
        L"<toast activationType=\"protocol\" launch=\"imsprevn://0\" duration=\"long\">\r\n"
        L"  <visual>\r\n"
        L"      <binding template=\"ToastGeneric\">\r\n"
        L"          <text><![CDATA[Hello,world]]></text>\r\n"
        L"          <text><![CDATA[Click me]]></text>\r\n"
        L"          <text placement=\"attribution\"><![CDATA[Bottom text]]></text>\r\n"
        L"      </binding>\r\n"
        L"  </visual>\r\n"
        L"  <audio src=\"ms-winsoundevent:Notification.Mail\" loop=\"false\" />\r\n"
        L"</toast>\r\n",&inputXml
    );
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("%s:%d:: CreateXmlDocumentFromString\n",__LINE__);
        goto exit1;
    }

    HSTRING_HEADER header_ToastNotificationManagerHString;
    HSTRING ToastNotificationManagerHString;
    hr = WindowsCreateStringReference(
        RuntimeClass_Windows_UI_Notifications_ToastNotificationManager,(UINT32)__wcslen(RuntimeClass_Windows_UI_Notifications_ToastNotificationManager),&header_ToastNotificationManagerHString,&ToastNotificationManagerHString
    );
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("%s:%d:: WindowsCreateStringReference\n",__LINE__);
        goto exit2;
    }
    if (ToastNotificationManagerHString == NULL)
    {
        printf("%s:%d:: ToastNotificationManagerHString == NULL\n",__LINE__);
        hr = E_POINTER;
        goto exit2;
    }

    __x_ABI_CWindows_CUI_CNotifications_CIToastNotificationManagerStatics* toastStatics = NULL;
    hr = RoGetActivationFactory(
        ToastNotificationManagerHString,&UIID_IToastNotificationManagerStatics,(LPVOID*)&toastStatics
    );
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("%s:%d:: RoGetActivationFactory\n",__LINE__);
        goto exit2;
    }

    __x_ABI_CWindows_CUI_CNotifications_CIToastNotifier* notifier;
    hr = toastStatics->lpVtbl->CreateToastNotifierWithId(
        toastStatics,AppIdHString,&notifier
    );
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("%s:%d:: CreateToastNotifierWithId\n",__LINE__);
        goto exit3;
    }
    
    HSTRING_HEADER header_ToastNotificationHString;
    HSTRING ToastNotificationHString;
    hr = WindowsCreateStringReference(
        RuntimeClass_Windows_UI_Notifications_ToastNotification,(UINT32)__wcslen(RuntimeClass_Windows_UI_Notifications_ToastNotification),&header_ToastNotificationHString,&ToastNotificationHString
    );
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("%s:%d:: WindowsCreateStringReference\n",__LINE__);
        goto exit4;
    }
    if (ToastNotificationHString == NULL)
    {
        printf("%s:%d:: ToastNotificationHString == NULL\n",__LINE__);
        hr = E_POINTER;
        goto exit4;
    }

    __x_ABI_CWindows_CUI_CNotifications_CIToastNotificationFactory* notifFactory = NULL;
    hr = RoGetActivationFactory(
        ToastNotificationHString,&UIID_IToastNotificationFactory,(LPVOID*)&notifFactory
    );
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("%s:%d:: RoGetActivationFactory\n",__LINE__);
        goto exit4;
    }

    __x_ABI_CWindows_CUI_CNotifications_CIToastNotification* toast = NULL;
    hr = notifFactory->lpVtbl->CreateToastNotification(notifFactory,inputXml,&toast);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("%s:%d:: CreateToastNotification\n",__LINE__);
        goto exit5;
    }

    hr = notifier->lpVtbl->Show(notifier,toast);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        printf("%s:%d:: Show\n",__LINE__);
        goto exit6;
    }

    // We have to wait a bit for the COM threads to deliver the notification
    // to the system,I think
    // Don't know any better,yielding (Sleep(0)) is not enough
    Sleep(1);

    exit6:
    toast->lpVtbl->Release(toast);
    exit5:
    notifFactory->lpVtbl->Release(notifFactory);
    exit4:
    notifier->lpVtbl->Release(notifier);
    exit3:
    toastStatics->lpVtbl->Release(toastStatics);
    exit2:
    inputXml->lpVtbl->Release(inputXml);
    exit1:
    RoUninitialize();
    exit0:
    Done(hr);
}

最新版本：https://gist.github.com/valinet/3283c79ba35fc8f103c747c8adbb6b23

版权声明：本文内容由互联网用户自发贡献，该文观点与技术仅代表作者本人。本站仅提供信息存储空间服务，不拥有所有权，不承担相关法律责任。如发现本站有涉嫌侵权/违法违规的内容， 请发送邮件至 dio@foxmail.com 举报，一经查实，本站将立刻删除。

相关推荐

matplotlib报错：AttributeError: module 'backend_interagg' has no attribute 'FigureCanvas'. Did you mean: 'FigureCanvasAgg'?
使用本地python环境可以成功执行 import pandas as pd import matplotlib.pyplot as plt # 设置字体 plt.rcParams[&#39;font.sans-serif&#39;] = [&#39;SimHei&#39;] # 能正确显示负号 p
gitlab登录失败，报错：This challenge page was accidentally cached by an intermediary and is no longer available.
设置时间 控制面板
后端开发常见错误
错误1：Request method ‘DELETE‘ not supported 错误还原：controller层有一个接口，访问该接口时报错：Request method ‘DELETE‘ not supported 错误原因：没有接收到前端传入的参数，修改为如下 参考 错误2：cannot r
docker常见错误
错误1：启动docker镜像时报错：Error response from daemon: driver failed programming external connectivity on endpoint quirky_allen 解决方法：重启docker -&gt; systemctl r
idea常见错误
错误1：private field ‘xxx‘ is never assigned 按Altʾnter快捷键，选择第2项 参考：https://blog.csdn.net/shi_hong_fei_hei/article/details/88814070 错误2：启动时报错，不能找到主启动类 #
pip安装依赖失败
报错如下，通过源不能下载，最后警告pip需升级版本 Requirement already satisfied: pip in c:\users\ychen\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (22.0.4) Coll
maven常见错误
错误1：maven打包报错 错误还原：使用maven打包项目时报错如下 [ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-resources-plugin:3.2.0:resources (default-resources)
cloud项目中常见错误
错误1：服务调用时报错 服务消费者模块assess通过openFeign调用服务提供者模块hires 如下为服务提供者模块hires的控制层接口 @RestController @RequestMapping(&quot;/hires&quot;) public class FeignControl
springboot常见错误
错误1：运行项目后报如下错误 解决方案 报错2：Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.1:compile (default-compile) on project sb 解决方案：在pom.
springmvc拦截器中使用redisTemplate报空指针异常
参考 错误原因 过滤器或拦截器在生效时，redisTemplate还没有注入 解决方案：在注入容器时就生效 @Component //项目运行时就注入Spring容器 public class RedisBean { @Resource private RedisTemplate&lt;String
vite报错：npm ERR! command C:WINDOWSsystem32cmd.exe /d /s /c C:UsersychenAppDataLocalTempnpx-dde1c848.cmd
使用vite构建项目报错 C:\Users\ychen\work&gt;npm init @vitejs/app @vitejs/create-app is deprecated, use npm init vite instead C:\Users\ychen\AppData\Local\npm-
VM VirtualBox中安装centos时报错：设置基础软件仓库时出错
参考1 参考2 解决方案 # 点击安装源 协议选择 http:// 路径填写 mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/8.3.2011/BaseOS/x86_64/os URL类型 软件库URL 其他路径 # 版本 7 mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86
kafka常见问题
报错1 [root@slave1 data_mocker]# kafka-console-consumer.sh --bootstrap-server slave1:9092 --topic topic_db [2023-12-19 18:31:12,770] WARN [Consumer clie
hive常见问题
错误1 # 重写数据 hive (edu)&gt; insert overwrite table dwd_trade_cart_add_inc &gt; select data.id, &gt; data.user_id, &gt; data.course_id, &gt; date_format(
装载数据时报错：Failed to execute spark task, with exception 'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.HiveException(Failed to create spark client.)'
错误1 hive (edu)&gt; insert into huanhuan values(1,&#39;haoge&#39;); Query ID = root_20240110071417_fe1517ad-3607-41f4-bdcf-d00b98ac443e Total jobs = 1
flume常见问题
报错1：执行到如下就不执行了，没有显示Successfully registered new MBean. [root@slave1 bin]# /usr/local/software/flume-1.9.0/bin/flume-ng agent -n a1 -c /usr/local/softwa
hadoop集群常见错误
虚拟及没有启动任何服务器查看jps会显示jps，如果没有显示任何东西 [root@slave2 ~]# jps 9647 Jps 解决方案 # 进入/tmp查看 [root@slave1 dfs]# cd /tmp [root@slave1 tmp]# ll 总用量 48 drwxr-xr-x. 2
hive常见错误
报错1 hive&gt; show databases; OK Failed with exception java.io.IOException:java.lang.RuntimeException: Error in configuring object Time taken: 0.474 se
Linux常见错误
报错1 [root@localhost ~]# vim -bash: vim: 未找到命令 安装vim yum -y install vim* # 查看是否安装成功 [root@hadoop01 hadoop]# rpm -qa |grep vim vim-X11-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x
使用sqoop一直卡在：mapreduce.Job: Running job: job_1703173956074_0001
修改hadoop配置 vi /usr/local/software/hadoop-2.9.2/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml # 添加如下 &lt;configuration&gt; &lt;property&gt; &lt;name&gt;yarn.nodemanager.res
pythonJavaScriptjavaHTMLPHPreactjsC#AndroidCSSNode.jssqlrpython-3.xMysqLjQueryc++pandasFlutterangularIOSdjangolinuxswifttypescript路由器JSON路由器设置无线路由器h3c华三华三路由器设置华三路由器电脑软件教程arraysdocker软件图文教程Cvue.jslaravelspring-boot