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旋转图层魔方

分类：编程问答

如何解决旋转图层魔方

我正在用SDL和OpenGl在c语言中编写一个rubik多维数据集。除了旋转图层移动（例如，如果我按“ r”或“ f”，例如，右或前图层更改其颜色）外，我已经完成了所有实现。我真的不知道如何实现图层旋转。

这是我的渲染实现，用于绘制立方体。

注意：如果我想顺时针旋转右图层，mov是7，如果我想旋转左图层，mov是8，等等，** s是一个数组，具有每个立方体贴纸的rgb颜色

static void
Render(int mov,double **s)
{
    static float color[8][3] = {
        {1.0,1.0,0.0},{1.0,0.0,{0.0,1.0},1.0}
    };

    static float cube[56][3] = {
        // Cara 1
        {0.6,0.6,0.6},{0.6,0.2},-0.2},-0.6},0.2,-0.2,-0.6,// Cara 2
        {0.2,{-0.2,{-0.6,// 22
        {0.2,{0.2,// 27

        // Cara 3
        {-0.6,// 33
        {-0.6,// 39

        // Cara 4
        {-0.2,// 44
        {0.2,// 47

        // Cara 5
        {0.2,// Cara 6
        {0.2,-0.6}

    };

    glClearColor(0.0,1.0);
    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);

    glBegin(GL_QUADS);

    // Cara 1

    glColor3f(s[2][0],s[2][1],s[2][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[8]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[9]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[10]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[15]);

    glColor3f(s[5][0],s[5][1],s[5][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[10]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[11]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[12]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[15]);

    glColor3f(s[8][0],s[8][1],s[8][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[0]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[1]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[12]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[11]);              // ST2

    glColor3f(s[1][0],s[1][1],s[1][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[7]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[8]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[15]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[14]);

    glColor3f(s[4][0],s[4][1],s[4][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[12]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[13]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[14]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[15]);

    glColor3f(s[7][0],s[7][1],s[7][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[1]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[13]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[12]);

    glColor3f(s[0][0],s[0][1],s[0][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[5]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[6]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[7]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[14]);

    glColor3f(s[3][0],s[3][1],s[3][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[4]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[5]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[14]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[13]);

    glColor3f(s[6][0],s[6][1],s[6][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[3]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[4]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[13]);

    // Cara 2
    glColor3f(s[11][0],s[11][1],s[11][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[0]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[1]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[25]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[16]);

    glColor3f(s[10][0],s[10][1],s[10][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[1]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[24]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[25]);

    glColor3f(s[9][0],s[9][1],s[9][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[3]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[23]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[24]);

    glColor3f(s[12][0],s[12][1],s[12][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[23]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[24]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[27]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[22]);

    glColor3f(s[15][0],s[15][1],s[15][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[22]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[27]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[20]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[21]);

    glColor3f(s[16][0],s[16][1],s[16][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[27]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[26]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[19]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[20]);

    glColor3f(s[17][0],s[17][1],s[17][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[26]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[17]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[18]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[19]);

    glColor3f(s[14][0],s[14][1],s[14][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[25]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[16]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[17]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[26]);

    glColor3f(s[13][0],s[13][1],s[13][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[24]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[25]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[26]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[27]);

    // Cara 3

    glColor3f(s[47][0],s[47][1],s[47][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[18]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[19]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[29]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[28]);

    glColor3f(s[46][0],s[46][1],s[46][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[19]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[20]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[30]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[29]);

    glColor3f(s[45][0],s[45][1],s[45][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[20]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[21]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[31]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[30]);

    glColor3f(s[48][0],s[48][1],s[48][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[31]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[30]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[39]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[32]);

    glColor3f(s[51][0],s[51][1],s[51][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[32]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[39]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[34]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[33]);

    glColor3f(s[52][0],s[52][1],s[52][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[39]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[38]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[35]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[34]);

    glColor3f(s[53][0],s[53][1],s[53][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[38]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[37]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[36]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[35]);

    glColor3f(s[50][0],s[50][1],s[50][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[29]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[28]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[37]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[38]);

    glColor3f(s[49][0],s[49][1],s[49][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[30]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[29]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[38]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[39]);

    // Cara 4
    glColor3f(s[33][0],s[33][1],s[33][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[35]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[36]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[40]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[41]);

    glColor3f(s[34][0],s[34][1],s[34][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[34]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[35]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[41]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[42]);

    glColor3f(s[35][0],s[35][1],s[35][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[33]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[34]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[42]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[43]);

    glColor3f(s[32][0],s[32][1],s[32][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[43]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[42]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[45]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[44]);

    glColor3f(s[29][0],s[29][1],s[29][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[44]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[45]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[7]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[6]);

    glColor3f(s[28][0],s[28][1],s[28][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[45]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[46]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[8]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[7]);

    glColor3f(s[27][0],s[27][1],s[27][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[46]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[47]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[9]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[8]);

    glColor3f(s[30][0],s[30][1],s[30][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[41]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[40]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[47]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[46]);

    glColor3f(s[31][0],s[31][1],s[31][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[42]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[41]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[46]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[45]);

    // Cara 5
    glColor3f(s[18][0],s[18][1],s[18][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[11]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[48]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[16]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[0]);

    glColor3f(s[21][0],s[21][1],s[21][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[48]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[51]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[17]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[16]);

    glColor3f(s[24][0],s[24][1],s[24][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[51]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[28]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[18]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[17]);

    glColor3f(s[25][0],s[25][1],s[25][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[50]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[37]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[28]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[51]);

    glColor3f(s[26][0],s[26][1],s[26][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[40]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[36]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[37]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[50]);

    glColor3f(s[23][0],s[23][1],s[23][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[47]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[40]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[50]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[49]);

    glColor3f(s[20][0],s[20][1],s[20][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[9]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[47]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[49]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[10]);

    glColor3f(s[19][0],s[19][1],s[19][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[10]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[49]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[48]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[11]);

    glColor3f(s[22][0],s[22][1],s[22][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[51]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[50]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[49]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[48]);

    // Cara 6
    glColor3f(s[36][0],s[36][1],s[36][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[44]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[6]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[5]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[53]);

    glColor3f(s[39][0],s[39][1],s[39][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[43]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[44]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[53]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[54]);

    glColor3f(s[42][0],s[42][1],s[42][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[33]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[43]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[54]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[32]);

    glColor3f(s[43][0],s[43][1],s[43][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[32]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[54]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[55]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[31]);

    glColor3f(s[44][0],s[44][1],s[44][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[31]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[55]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[22]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[21]);

    glColor3f(s[41][0],s[41][1],s[41][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[55]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[52]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[23]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[22]);

    glColor3f(s[38][0],s[38][1],s[38][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[52]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[4]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[3]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[23]);

    glColor3f(s[37][0],s[37][1],s[37][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[53]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[5]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[4]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[52]);

    glColor3f(s[40][0],s[40][1],s[40][2]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[53]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[54]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[55]);
    glVertex3fv(cube[52]);

    glEnd();

    glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
    if (mov == 1) {
        glrotatef(2.0,0);
    }
    else if (mov == 2) {
        glrotatef(2.0,0);
    }
    else if (mov == 3) {
        glrotatef(2.0,0);
    }
    else if (mov == 4) {
        glrotatef(2.0,1.0);
    }
    else
        glrotatef(1.0,0);
}

解决方法

除非您将代码重构为某种“块”类，否则旋转将很难跟踪，否则3x3的块数组将成为Rubik的立方体。每个块都将完全相同：白色底部，黄色顶部，左侧蓝色等，并且在屏幕上堆叠3x3时将隐藏其他面。这比将面部阵列跟踪到颜色阵列要容易得多。

这时，您将想清楚区分魔方的代码模型和魔方的绘制模型。这对于能够连续应用多重旋转非常重要。

因此，在代码中，您将需要具有多维数据集的模型。 3x3数组很容易，每行都是一张脸。然后看着一张脸，例如：

1 2 3

4 5 6

7 8 9

您将需要访问一个旋转该面的函数（请看一下与numpy.rot90等效的东西），这样，当绕着指向屏幕外的轴旋转时，将产生：

3 6 9

2 5 8

1 4 7

但是在这里要小心。这仅改变了对象在内存中的布局，并且没有对屏幕上绘制的模型做任何事情。因此，您将需要在OpenGL中应用相应的旋转。完成此操作后，您的代码模型现在将与绘制的模型匹配，并且您可以根据需要执行任意多次连续旋转。

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