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如何获得全局变量int的高和低以在显示功能中打印？ 这两个变量显示最高和最低标记

分类：编程问答

如何解决如何获得全局变量int的高和低以在显示功能中打印？ 这两个变量显示最高和最低标记

该程序的目的是为学生创建成绩单。我在显示功能中显示最高和最低标记时出错。我全局声明了变量int high和int low，以为这可以解决问题-但是它仍然在显示屏上显示零。-Funnt的事情是打印最大和最小的int max函数 ＃包括 使用命名空间std; 

int high; int low;

void studentDetails(string Name,string Surname,string School)
{
    cout << "Please provide the following details below.";
    cout << "\nName: ";
    cin >> Name;
    cout << "Surname: ";
    cin >> Surname;
    cout << "Name of School: ";
    cin >> School;
}
getMarks (int& Eng,int& Maths,int& LO,int& His,int& CL,int& Art){

    cout << "Please provide the mark obtained (0-100) for the following subjects.";
    cout << "\nEnglish: ";
    cin >> Eng;
    while (Eng>=0 && Eng<=100){
        cout << "Mathematics: ";
        cin >> Maths;
    while (Maths>=0 && Maths<=100){
        cout << "Life Orientation: ";
        cin >> LO;
    while (LO>=0 && LO<=100){
        cout << "History: ";
        cin >> His;
    while (His>=0 && His<=100){
        cout << "Computer Literacy: ";
        cin >> CL;
    while (CL>=0 && CL<=100){
        cout << "Art: ";
        cin >> Art;
    while (Art>=0 && Art<=100){
        cout << "All marks have been recorded";
        return 0;
}}}}}}}

void AverageYearMark(int avg,int& Eng,int& Art){
    avg = (Eng + Maths + LO + His + CL + Art)/6;
    cout << "\nThe average of the above marks is: ";
    cout << avg;
}

minMax(int& Eng,int& Art){
    int arr[] = {Eng,Maths,LO,His,CL,Art};
    int high = arr[0]; //highest mark

    for(int i = 1; i<6; i++){
        if(arr[i]>high){
        high = arr[i];
        }
    }
    cout << "Highest mark";
    cout << high;

    int low = arr[0]; // lowest mark

    for(int i = 1; i<6; i++){
        if(arr[i]<low){
        low = arr[i];
        }
    }
    cout << "Lowest mark";
    cout << low;
    return 0;
}

void passorFail (string dec,int& Art){
    int arr[] = {Maths,Art};
    int counta = 0;
    if(Eng>= 50){
        counta++;
        for(int i =0; i<5; i++){
            if(arr[i]>50){
                counta++;
            }}
        if(counta>=4){
            dec = "Pass";
        }
        else{
            dec = "Fail";
        }
            }
    else{
        dec = "Fail";
        }
    cout << dec;
    }
void awarddistinction(double& avg,int& Art){
    int arr1[] = {Eng,Art};
    string arr2[6];
    string overall;
    string distinction = "distinction";
    for(int i= 0; i<6;i++){
        if(arr1[i]>=75){
            arr2[i]= distinction;
        }
        else{
            arr2[i] = " ";
        }
    }
    for (int i = 0; i<6; i++)
    cout << arr2[i];

    if(avg>=75){
       overall = "distinction";
    }
}
void codeSymbol(string (&symbol)[6],int (&code)[6],double& avg,Art};
    //symbol<string,6>;
    //code<int,6>;
    for (int i=0; i<6; i++){
        if(arr1[i]>=80 && arr1[i]<=100){
            symbol[i] = "A";
            code[i] = 7;
    }
        if(arr1[i]>=70 && arr1[i]<=79){
            symbol[i] = "B";
            code[i] = 6;
    }
        if(arr1[i]>=60 && arr1[i]<=69){
            symbol[i] = "C";
            code[i] = 5;
    }
        if(arr1[i]>=50 && arr1[i]<=59){
            symbol[i] = "D";
            code[i] = 4;
    }
        if(arr1[i]>=40 && arr1[i]<=49){
            symbol[i] = "E";
            code[i] = 3;
    }
        if(arr1[i]>=30 && arr1[i]<=39){
            symbol[i] = "F";
            code[i] = 2;
    }
        if(arr1[i]>=0 && arr1[i]<=29){
            symbol[i] = "FF";
            code[i] = 1;
    }
    }
    int avcode;
    string avsym;
    if(avg<=100 && avg>=80 ){
        avcode = 7;
        avsym  = "A";
    }
    if(avg<=79 && avg>=70 ){
        avcode = 6;
        avsym  = "B";
    }
    if(avg<=69 && avg>=60 ){
        avcode = 5;
        avsym  = "C";
    }
    if(avg<=59 && avg>=50 ){
        avcode = 4;
        avsym  = "D";
    }
    if(avg<=49 && avg>=40 ){
        avcode = 3;
        avsym  = "E";
    }
    if(avg<=39 && avg>=30 ){
        avcode = 2;
        avsym  = "F";
    }
    if(avg<=29 && avg>=0 ){
        avcode = 1;
        avsym  = "FF";
    }

    }

在下面的显示功能中打印最高和最低标记时会出现错误-它是从最小最大功能中打印出来的，但是当我全局获取它时不会出现

 void dispay(string& Name,string& Surname,string& School,string (&symbol)[6],int (&mark)[6],string (subject)[6]){

    cout <<"\n*******************************************************************************" << endl;
    cout <<"            STUDENT ACADEMIC RECORD                            " << endl;
    cout <<" This program input the learner marks of matric level subjects and prints the student final report" << endl;
    cout <<"*******************************************************************************" << endl;

    cout <<"Name: " + Name + " " + Surname + "  School: " + School;

    cout <<"\n\nSubject \t\tMark\t\tSymbol\t\tCode" << endl;
    for(int i = 0; i<6;i++){
        cout << subject[i] << "\t" << mark[i]<< "%\t\t" + symbol[i] << "\t\t" << code[i] << "\n";
    }
    cout << "\nAverage Year Mark: " << " 32 " << " with symbol " << " D " << " and code " << " 4 " << endl;
    cout << "\nOutcome: " << "Passed" << endl;

    cout << "\nThe highest mark was: " << " -" <<high<< endl;
    cout << "\nThe lowest mark was: " << " -" <<low<< endl;
    cout <<"*******************************************************************************" << endl;

}



int main (){
string n; string sn; string s; string dec;
int Eng; int Maths; int LO; int His; int CL; int Art; int low; int high;
double avg = 0;
string subject[] = {"English          ","Mathematics      ","Life Orientation ","History          ","Computer Literacy","Art              "};
string symbol[6];
int code[6];

studentDetails(n,sn,s);
getMarks(Eng,Art);
int mark[] = {Eng,Art};

AverageYearMark(avg,Eng,Art);
minMax(Eng,Art);
passorFail(dec,Art);
awarddistinction(avg,Art);
codeSymbol(symbol,code,avg,Art);
dispay(n,s,symbol,mark,subject);
}




///Output:

Please provide the following details below.
Name: Imraan
Surname: JAcobs
Name of School: WIndereme
Please provide the mark obtained (0-100) for the following subjects.
English: 60
Mathematics: 85
Life Orientation: 62
History: 90
Computer Literacy: 96
Art: 97
All marks have been recorded
The average of the above marks is: 81Highest mark97Lowest mark60Pass distinction distinctiondistinctiondistinction
*******************************************************************************
            STUDENT ACADEMIC RECORD
 This program input the learner marks of matric level subjects and prints the student final report
*******************************************************************************
Name:    School:

Subject                 Mark            Symbol          Code
English                 60%             C               5
Mathematics             85%             A               7
Life Orientation        62%             C               5
History                 90%             A               7
Computer Literacy       96%             A               7
Art                     97%             A               7

Average Year Mark:  32  with symbol  D  and code  4

Outcome: Passed

The highest mark was:  -0

The lowest mark was:  -0
*******************************************************************************

Process returned 0 (0x0)   execution time : 23.190 s
Press any key to continue.

解决方法

如果已经在文件开头定义为全局变量，则不要在int low函数中再次定义int high和minmax。 还要在main函数中将它们删除，因为您是在第三次定义它们时。您永远不会将后者作为函数的参数传递，因此幸运的是它们最终未使用。 这是代码的有效版本：

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int high,low;

void studentDetails(string Name,string Surname,string School)
{
    cout << "Please provide the following details below.";
    cout << "\nName: ";
    cin >> Name;
    cout << "Surname: ";
    cin >> Surname;
    cout << "Name of School: ";
    cin >> School;
}
getMarks (int& Eng,int& Maths,int& LO,int& His,int& CL,int& Art){

    cout << "Please provide the mark obtained (0-100) for the following subjects.";
    cout << "\nEnglish: ";
    cin >> Eng;
    while (Eng>=0 && Eng<=100){
        cout << "Mathematics: ";
        cin >> Maths;
    while (Maths>=0 && Maths<=100){
        cout << "Life Orientation: ";
        cin >> LO;
    while (LO>=0 && LO<=100){
        cout << "History: ";
        cin >> His;
    while (His>=0 && His<=100){
        cout << "Computer Literacy: ";
        cin >> CL;
    while (CL>=0 && CL<=100){
        cout << "Art: ";
        cin >> Art;
    while (Art>=0 && Art<=100){
        cout << "All marks have been recorded";
    return 0;
}}}}}}}

void AverageYearMark(int avg,int& Eng,int& Art){
    avg = (Eng + Maths + LO + His + CL + Art)/6;
    cout << "\nThe average of the above marks is: ";
    cout << avg;
}

minMax(int& Eng,int& Art){
    int arr[] = {Eng,Maths,LO,His,CL,Art};
    high = arr[0]; //highest mark

    for(int i = 1; i<6; i++){
        if(arr[i]>high){
            high = arr[i];
        }
    }
    cout << "Highest mark";
    cout << high;

    low = arr[0]; // lowest mark

    for(int i = 1; i<6; i++){
        if(arr[i]<low){
            low = arr[i];
        }
    }
    cout << "Lowest mark";
    cout << low;
    return 0;
}

void passorFail (string dec,int& Art){
    int arr[] = {Maths,Art};
    int counta = 0;
    if(Eng>= 50){
        counta++;
        for(int i =0; i<5; i++){
            if(arr[i]>50){
                counta++;
            }}
        if(counta>=4){
            dec = "Pass";
        }
        else{
            dec = "Fail";
        }
            }
    else{
        dec = "Fail";
        }
    cout << dec;
}

void awardDistinction(double& avg,int& Art){
    int arr1[] = {Eng,Art};
    string arr2[6];
    string overall;
    string distinction = "distinction";
    for(int i= 0; i<6;i++){
        if(arr1[i]>=75){
            arr2[i]= distinction;
        }
        else{
            arr2[i] = " ";
        }
    }
    for (int i = 0; i<6; i++)
    cout << arr2[i];

    if(avg>=75){
       overall = "distinction";
    }
}

void codeSymbol(string (&symbol)[6],int (&code)[6],double& avg,Art};
    for (int i=0; i<6; i++){
        if(arr1[i]>=80 && arr1[i]<=100){
            symbol[i] = "A";
            code[i] = 7;
        }
        if(arr1[i]>=70 && arr1[i]<=79){
            symbol[i] = "B";
            code[i] = 6;
        }
        if(arr1[i]>=60 && arr1[i]<=69){
            symbol[i] = "C";
            code[i] = 5;
        }
        if(arr1[i]>=50 && arr1[i]<=59){
            symbol[i] = "D";
            code[i] = 4;
        }
        if(arr1[i]>=40 && arr1[i]<=49){
            symbol[i] = "E";
            code[i] = 3;
        }
        if(arr1[i]>=30 && arr1[i]<=39){
            symbol[i] = "F";
            code[i] = 2;
        }
        if(arr1[i]>=0 && arr1[i]<=29){
            symbol[i] = "FF";
            code[i] = 1;
        }
    }
    int avcode;
    string avsym;
    if(avg<=100 && avg>=80 ){
        avcode = 7;
        avsym  = "A";
    }
    if(avg<=79 && avg>=70 ){
        avcode = 6;
        avsym  = "B";
    }
    if(avg<=69 && avg>=60 ){
        avcode = 5;
        avsym  = "C";
    }
    if(avg<=59 && avg>=50 ){
        avcode = 4;
        avsym  = "D";
    }
    if(avg<=49 && avg>=40 ){
        avcode = 3;
        avsym  = "E";
    }
    if(avg<=39 && avg>=30 ){
        avcode = 2;
        avsym  = "F";
    }
    if(avg<=29 && avg>=0 ){
        avcode = 1;
        avsym  = "FF";
    }

}

void Dispay(string& Name,string& Surname,string& School,string (&symbol)[6],int (&mark)[6],string (subject)[6]){

cout <<"\n*******************************************************************************" << endl;
cout <<"            STUDENT ACADEMIC RECORD                            " << endl;
cout <<" This program input the learner marks of matric level subjects and prints the student final report" << endl;
cout <<"*******************************************************************************" << endl;

cout <<"Name: " + Name + " " + Surname + "  School: " + School;

cout <<"\n\nSubject \t\tMark\t\tSymbol\t\tCode" << endl;
for(int i = 0; i<6;i++){
    cout << subject[i] << "\t" << mark[i]<< "%\t\t" + symbol[i] << "\t\t" << code[i] << "\n";
}
cout << "\nAverage Year Mark: " << " 32 " << " with symbol " << " D " << " and code " << " 4 " << endl;
cout << "\nOutcome: " << "Passed" << endl;

cout << "\nThe highest mark was: " << " -" <<high<< endl;
cout << "\nThe lowest mark was: " << " -" <<low<< endl;
cout <<"*******************************************************************************" << endl;

}

int main (){
    string n; string sn; string s; string dec;
    int Eng; int Maths; int LO; int His; int CL; int Art; //int low; int high;
    double avg = 0;
    string subject[] = {"English          ","Mathematics      ","Life Orientation ","History          ","Computer Literacy","Art              "};
    string symbol[6];
    int code[6];

    studentDetails(n,sn,s);
    getMarks(Eng,Art);
    int mark[] = {Eng,Art};

    AverageYearMark(avg,Eng,Art);
    minMax(Eng,Art);
    passorFail(dec,Art);
    awardDistinction(avg,Art);
    codeSymbol(symbol,code,avg,Art);
    Dispay(n,s,symbol,mark,subject);
}
,

好吧，这真是一团糟！ -您已经在许多不同的地方声明了int high和int low。我做了一些整理工作（距离不够远）。在这里，我基本上删除了int low和int high的所有“影子”实例，以仅使用全局实例：https://godbolt.org/z/6KWvz5

您应该做的是帮助自己的工作（然后查看缩进和代码间距）是打开每个编译器警告，您可以动手操作并确保您的代码没有警告。

还要查找“名称阴影”，这是您的问题之一（还有其他问题）：https://www.learncpp.com/cpp-tutorial/variable-shadowing-name-hiding/

这又是带有警告标记-pthread -std=c++11 -Wall -Wextra -Wshadow的经过编辑的代码（然后我将其中一个用// THIS SHADOWS THE GLOBAL INT注释的阴影变量vars放在其中：https://godbolt.org/z/9W3vY3

请查看所有编译器警告-将警告视为错误！ -实际上，您可以使用标志-Werror告诉编译器执行此操作。

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