导入失败，出现KeyError：“ id”

如何解决导入失败，出现KeyError：“ id”

我正在尝试将具有一些数据的Excel文件导入到具有foreignKey的模型中，但是得到KeyError: 'id'

我已成功导出数据并导入了相同的导出文件，当我向同一文件中添加新数据时出现了问题。

导入：

此进口商将导入以下字段：名称，品牌__品牌名称，性别，股票价格

要导入的文件：格式： xlsx 失误行号：1-'id' p3，B1，中性，99999

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/import_export/resources.py",line 639,in import_row
instance,new = self.get_or_init_instance(instance_loader,row)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/import_export/resources.py",line 334,in get_or_init_instance
instance = self.get_instance(instance_loader,line 321,in get_instance
import_id_fields = [
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/import_export/resources.py",line 322,in <listcomp>
self.fields[f] for f in self.get_import_id_fields()
KeyError: 'id'

行号：2-'id' p2，b2，中性，99999

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/import_export/resources.py",in <listcomp>
self.fields[f] for f in self.get_import_id_fields()
KeyError: 'id'

我的模特：

    from django.db import models
    from django.utils import timezone
    from django.conf import settings
    
 
    class Brand(models.Model):
       
        BrandName= models.CharField(max_length=40)
         
      
        def __str__(self):
             return self.BrandName
    
    
    
    
    class Perfume(models.Model):
        
        genderChoice = (
            ('unisex','unisex'),('male','male'),('female','female'))
             
        name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
        Brand= models.ForeignKey(to=Brand,on_delete=models.CASCADE,blank=False)
    
        gender = models.CharField(max_length=7,choices=genderChoice,default='unisex')
        
        description = models.TextField()
        stockPrice = models.IntegerField(default=99999)
    
        active = models.BooleanField(default=False)
        show_for_consumer = models.BooleanField(default=False) 
        created = models.DateField()
        author =models.ForeignKey(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
      
       
    
        def __str__(self):
            return self.name        
    
    
    class Pricing(models.Model):
        product =models.ForeignKey(Perfume,related_name='prices')
        
        
         
        price= models.IntegerField()
        volume= models.IntegerField()
        def __str__(self):
             return 'Perfume {} - Price{} - Volume {}'.format(self.product.name,self.price,self.volume)

我的管理员

    from django.contrib import admin
    from .models import Perfume,Brand,Pricing
    from import_export.admin import ImportExportModelAdmin
    from import_export import resources,fields
    from import_export.widgets import ForeignKeyWidget
    
    # Register your models here.
    
    class PriceInline(admin.StackedInline):
        model = Pricing
    
    
        
    class ModelInline(admin.StackedInline):
        model = Perfume
    class BrandAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
        model = Brand
        inlines = [ModelInline,]
    
    #for import settings
    class ProductResorce(resources.ModelResource):
    
                          
     
        class Meta:
           
            model = Perfume
            exclude = ('active','show_for_consumer','created','author')
            fields=('name','Brand__BrandName','gender','stockPrice')
            export_order = ('name','stockPrice')

    #showing in product add

    class ProductImportAdmin(ImportExportModelAdmin):
    
        resource_class = ProductResorce
        list_display = ['name','Brand']
        fields = ['name','Brand','author','stockPrice','description']
        
        inlines = [PriceInline]
        
    
    
    admin.site.register(Brand,BrandAdmin)
    admin.site.register(Perfume,ProductImportAdmin)

exported file

解决方法

问题在于，当您第二次导入文件时，导入过程将尝试将每一行与数据库中的现有记录进行匹配，并尝试更新存储的数据。

默认情况下，它将使用名为“ id”的字段来执行此操作（docs）。

但是，您的数据集中或资源（ProductResorce中没有名为“ id”的字段，因此会引发您看到的错误。

要修复它，您应该添加一个唯一标识每个条目的字段，并在资源上声明它。例如，如果您使用一个名为“ sku”的字段，则可以在您的资源上对其进行声明：

class ProductResource(resources.ModelResource):
  class Meta:         
    model = Perfume
    import_id_fields = ('sku',)

您可以使用多个字段作为唯一标识符。

拥有唯一的标识符非常有用，因为它意味着您可以安全地重新运行作业，而不会出现失败或重复的风险。