如何解决NoClassDefFoundError：com / google / cloud / kms / v1 / KeyManagementServiceClient
我在这里第一次写作，所以我对这个问题要补充表示歉意。我正在使用Java创建应用程序，并尝试在Google Cloud上创建KeyManagementServiceClient连接。该程序正确构建，但是当我运行以下功能时，我收到与com / google / cloud / kms / v1 / KeyManagementServiceClient相关的NoClassDefFound错误。
try (KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.create())
我正在使用Maven，对这个问题的所有研究都使我认为我的pom.xml文件存在问题，下面已经包含了该文件，但是尝试进行任何修复都不能摆脱错误。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.mycompany.app</groupId>
<artifactId>encryptiontobucket</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>my-app</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://www.example.com</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>google-cloud-kms-bom</artifactId>
<version>1.40.0</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>google-cloud-kms</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
<plugins>
<!-- clean lifecycle,see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#clean_Lifecycle -->
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</plugin>
<!-- default lifecycle,jar packaging: see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_jar_packaging -->
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.22.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.8.2</version>
</plugin>
<!-- site lifecycle,see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#site_Lifecycle -->
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.7.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-project-info-reports-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>
如果有人可以帮助我修复错误，将不胜感激！另外，请让我知道是否需要其他任何方式来理解该问题。
编辑：以下是我的代码。我最初创建了一个名为my-app的maven项目，该项目具有pom.xml。我的程序EncryptionToBucket.java位于maven默认创建的app文件夹中的目录中。重现该问题：
- 将程序放在上面指示的位置。
- 运行mvn软件包
- 运行java -cp target \ my-app-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar EncryptionToBucket
- 输入一个随机项目ID，选择一个随机locationId，然后单击“创建新密钥”按钮，该错误将在命令行上发生。
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKey;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKey.CryptoKeyPurpose;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.Cryptokeyversion.CryptokeyversionAlgorithm;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptokeyversionTemplate;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.KeyManagementServiceClient;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.KeyRing;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.LocationName;
import java.io.IOException;
class EncryptionToBucket implements ActionListener{
private String projectId,locationId,keyRingPath,keyNamePath,asymmKey;
private JButton createNewKeyRing,createNewKey,encryptData,back,back2,createNewSigningKey;
private JTextField projText,keyRingTField,keyNameTField,asymmKeyEntry;
private JComboBox locations;
private JFrame initialFrame,keyRingFrame,keyFrame;
public EncryptionToBucket(){
initialInfoPage();
}
public void keyRingCreation() {
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only
// needs to be created once,and can be reused for multiple requests. After
// completing all of your requests,call the "close" method on the client to
// safely clean up any remaining background resources.
try (KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.create()) {
// Build the parent name from the project and location.
// LocationName locationName = LocationName.of(projectId,locationId);
// Build the key ring to create.
//KeyRing keyRing = KeyRing.newBuilder().build();
// Create the key ring.
// KeyRing createdKeyRing = client.createKeyRing(locationName,asymmKey,keyRing);
//System.out.printf("Created key ring %s%n",createdKeyRing.getName());
}catch (IOException e){
//System.out.println("Rut Row");
}
}
public static void main(String args[]){
EncryptionToBucket constructor = new EncryptionToBucket();
}
public void initialInfoPage(){
/*Todo: Remove Gaps
*/
initialFrame = new JFrame("Enter information");
initialFrame.setDefaultCloSEOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
initialFrame.setSize(500,500);
initialFrame.setResizable(false);
initialFrame.setLocationRelativeto(null);
JLabel proj = new JLabel("Project ID: ");
JLabel location = new JLabel("Location ID: ");
projText = new JTextField(10);
projText.setText(projectId);
String[] locationIds= {" ","asia-east1","asia-east2","asia-northeast1","asia-northeast2","asia-northeast3","asia-south1","asia-southeast1","asia-southeast2","australia-southeast1","europe-north1","europe-west1","europe-west2","europe-west3","europe-west4","europe-west6","northamerica-northeast1","southamerica-east1","us-central1","us-east1","us-east4","us-west1","us-west2","us-west3","us-west4"};
locations = new JComboBox(locationIds);
locations.setSelectedItem(locationId);
GridLayout layout = new GridLayout(2,0);
JPanel topPane = new JPanel(layout);
JPanel topPane1 = new JPanel();
JPanel topPane2 = new JPanel();
topPane1.add(proj);
topPane1.add(projText);
topPane2.add(location);
topPane2.add(locations);
topPane.add(topPane1);
topPane.add(topPane2);
JPanel secondTierPane = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2,0));
JPanel secondTierPane1 = new JPanel();
JPanel secondTierPane2 = new JPanel();
JLabel keyRingName = new JLabel("Key Ring Path: ");
secondTierPane1.add(keyRingName);
keyRingTField = new JTextField(10);
keyRingTField.setText(keyRingPath);
secondTierPane1.add(keyRingTField);
secondTierPane.add(secondTierPane1);
createNewKeyRing = new JButton("Create a New Key Ring");
createNewKeyRing.addActionListener(this);
secondTierPane2.add(createNewKeyRing);
secondTierPane.add(secondTierPane2);
JPanel thirdTierPane = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2,0));
JPanel thirdTierPane1 = new JPanel();
JPanel thirdTierPane2 = new JPanel();
JLabel keyName = new JLabel("Key Path: ");
thirdTierPane1.add(keyName);
keyNameTField = new JTextField(10);
keyNameTField.setText(keyNamePath);
thirdTierPane1.add(keyNameTField);
thirdTierPane.add(thirdTierPane1);
createNewKey = new JButton("Create a New Key");
createNewKey.addActionListener(this);
thirdTierPane2.add(createNewKey);
thirdTierPane.add(thirdTierPane2);
JPanel bottomPane = new JPanel();
encryptData = new JButton("Encrypt Data");
bottomPane.add(encryptData);
JPanel main = new JPanel(new GridLayout(4,1));
main.add(topPane);
main.add(secondTierPane);
main.add(thirdTierPane);
main.add(bottomPane);
initialFrame.add(main);
initialFrame.setVisible(true);
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
if(e.getSource() == createNewKeyRing){
projectId = projText.getText();
locationId = locations.getSelectedItem().toString();
//initialFrame.setVisible(false);
keyRingPage();
}else if(e.getSource() == createNewKey){
if(projText.getText().isEmpty()){
JOptionPane errormessage = new JOptionPane();
errormessage.showMessageDialog(null,"A projectId is needed to create a key ring!","alert",JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
}else{
projectId = projText.getText();
}
locationId = locations.getSelectedItem().toString();
keyRingPath = keyRingTField.getText();
initialFrame.setVisible(false);
keyPage();
}else if(e.getSource() == encryptData){
}else if(e.getSource() == back || e.getSource() == back2){
if(keyRingFrame.isVisible()){
asymmKey = asymmKeyEntry.getText();
keyRingFrame.setVisible(false);
keyRingCreation();
}else if(keyFrame.isVisible()){
keyFrame.setVisible(false);
}
initialInfoPage();
}
}
public void keyRingPage(){
/*
Todo: Key Ring Creation Code
*/
keyRingFrame = new JFrame("Key Ring Creation");
keyRingFrame.setDefaultCloSEOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
keyRingFrame.setSize(500,400);
keyRingFrame.setResizable(true);
keyRingFrame.setLocationRelativeto(null);
JPanel main = new JPanel(new GridLayout (3,2));
JPanel topPane = new JPanel();
topPane.setLayout(new BoxLayout(topPane,BoxLayout.PAGE_AXIS));
JLabel projectsId = new JLabel("Project ID: " + projectId);
projectsId.setAlignmentX(Component.CENTER_ALIGNMENT);
JLabel locationsId = new JLabel("Location ID: " + locationId);
locationsId.setAlignmentX(Component.CENTER_ALIGNMENT);
topPane.add(projectsId);
topPane.add(locationsId);
main.add(topPane);
JPanel midPane = new JPanel();
midPane.setLayout(new BoxLayout(midPane,BoxLayout.PAGE_AXIS));
JLabel asymmKeyName = new JLabel("asymmetric Signing Key: ");
midPane.add(asymmKeyName);
asymmKeyEntry = new JTextField(10);
//asymmKeyEntry.setPreferredSize();
asymmKeyEntry.setAlignmentX(Component.CENTER_ALIGNMENT);
midPane.add(asymmKeyEntry);
createNewSigningKey = new JButton("Create New Signing Key");
midPane.add(createNewSigningKey);
main.add(midPane);
JPanel lowPane = new JPanel();
back = new JButton("Create Key Ring");
back.addActionListener(this);
lowPane.add(back);
main.add(lowPane);
keyRingFrame.add(main);
keyRingFrame.setVisible(true);
}
public void keyPage(){
keyFrame = new JFrame("Key Ring Creation");
keyFrame.setDefaultCloSEOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
keyFrame.setSize(500,400);
keyFrame.setResizable(true);
keyFrame.setLocationRelativeto(null);
JPanel main = new JPanel();
back2 = new JButton("Enter");
back2.addActionListener(this);
main.add(back2);
keyFrame.add(main);
keyFrame.setVisible(true);
}
}
解决方法
要安装客户端库，请查看下面的链接
https://cloud.google.com/kms/docs/reference/libraries#installing_the_client_library
如果使用的是Maven，请将以下内容添加到pom.xml文件中。
custom-1-15360-ext我也遇到了这个问题。
使用以下解决了我的问题：
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>google-cloud-kms</artifactId>
<version>0.72.0-beta</version>
</dependency>
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