Swift - 文件，文件夹操作大全

ios开发经常会遇到读文件，写文件等，对文件和文件夹的操作，这时就可以使用NSFileManager，NSFileHandle等类来实现。

下面总结了各种常用的操作：

1，遍历一个目录下的所有文件

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//假设用户文档下有如下文件和文件夹[test1.txt,fold1/test2.txt] let manager = NSFileManager .defaultManager() urlForDocument = manager. URLsForDirectory ( NSSearchPathDirectory . DocumentDirectory ,inDomains: NSSearchPathDomainMask UserDomainMask ) url = urlForDocument[0] as NSURL //（1）对指定路径执行浅搜索，返回指定目录路径下的文件、子目录及符号链接的列表 contentsOfPath = try? manager.contentsOfDirectoryAtPath(url.path!) //contentsOfPath：Optional([fold1,test1.txt]) print ( "contentsOfPath: \(contentsOfPath)" ) //（2）类似上面的，对指定路径执行浅搜索，返回指定目录路径下的文件、子目录及符号链接的列表 contentsOfURL = try? manager.contentsOfDirectoryAtURL(url,includingPropertiesForKeys: nil ottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.5em!important; margin:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:1px 0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,options: NSDirectoryEnumerationoptions SkipsHiddenFiles ); //contentsOfURL：Optional([file://Users/.../Application/.../Documents/fold1/, //file://Users/.../Application/.../Documents/test1.txt]) "contentsOfURL: \(contentsOfURL)" ) //（3）深度遍历，会递归遍历子文件夹（但不会递归符号链接） enumeratorAtPath = manager.enumeratorAtPath(url.path!) //enumeratorAtPath：Optional([fold1,fold1/test2.txt,test1.txt]) "enumeratorAtPath: \(enumeratorAtPath?.allObjects)" ) //（4）类似上面的，深度遍历，会递归遍历子文件夹（但不会递归符号链接） enumeratorAtURL = manager.enumeratorAtURL(url,errorHandler: ) //file://Users/.../Application/.../Documents/fold1/test2.txt, file://Users/.../Application/.../Documents/test1.txt]) "enumeratorAtURL: \(enumeratorAtURL?.allObjects)" ) //（5）深度遍历，会递归遍历子文件夹（包括符号链接，所以要求性能的话用enumeratorAtPath） subPaths = manager.subpathsAtPath(url.path!) //subPaths：Optional([fold1,test1.txt]) "subPaths: \(subPaths)" )

2，判断文件或文件夹是否存在

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fileManager = .defaultManager() filePath: String = NSHomeDirectory () + "/Documents/hangge.txt" var exist = fileManager.fileExistsAtPath(filePath)

3，创建文件夹

方式1：

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let myDirectory: String = NSHomeDirectory () + "/Documents/myFolder/Files" fileManager = NSFileManager .defaultManager() //withIntermediateDirectories为ture表示路径中间如果有不存在的文件夹都会创建 try! fileManager.createDirectoryAtPath(myDirectory, withIntermediateDirectories: true ottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.5em!important; margin:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:1px 0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,attributes: nil )

方式2：

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func createFolder(name: ottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.5em!important; margin:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:1px 0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,baseUrl: NSURL ){ manager = folder = baseUrl. URLByAppendingPathComponent (name,isDirectory: ) print ( "文件夹: \(folder)" ) exist = manager.fileExistsAtPath(folder.path!) if !exist { try! manager.createDirectoryAtURL(folder,withIntermediateDirectories: ) } } //在文档目录下新建folder目录 .defaultManager() urlForDocument = manager. URLsForDirectory ( NSSearchPathDirectory . DocumentDirectory ottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.5em!important; margin:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:1px 0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,inDomains: NSSearchPathDomainMask UserDomainMask ) url = urlForDocument[0] as NSURL createFolder( "folder" ottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.5em!important; margin:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:1px 0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,baseUrl: url)

4，将对象写入文件
可以通过writetoFile方法，可以创建文件并将对象写入，对象包括String，Nsstring，UIImage，NSArray，NSDictionary等。
（1）把String保存到文件

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filePath: "/Documents/hangge.txt" info = "欢迎来到hange.com" try! info.writetoFile(filePath,atomically: ottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.5em!important; margin:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:1px 0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding )

（2）把图片保存到文件路径下

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"/Documents/hangge.png" image = UIImage (named: "apple.png" ) data: NSData UIImagePNGRepresentation (image!)! data.writetoFile(filePath,monospace!important; min-height:inherit!important">)

（3）把NSArray保存到文件路径下

array =NSArray(objects:"aaa"ottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.5em!important; margin:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:1px 0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,"bbb""ccc")

"/Documents/array.plist"

array.writetoFile(filePath,monospace!important; min-height:inherit!important">)

（4）把NSDictionary保存到文件路径下

dictionary =NSDictionary(objects: ["111""222"],forKeys: [])

"/Documents/dictionary.plist"

dictionary.writetoFile(filePath,monospace!important; min-height:inherit!important">)

5，创建文件

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createFile(name: ottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.5em!important; margin:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:1px 0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,fileBaseUrl: file = fileBaseUrl. (name) "文件: \(file)" ) exist = manager.fileExistsAtPath(file.path!) !exist { data = (base64EncodedString: "aGVsbG8gd29ybGQ=" ottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.5em!important; margin:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:1px 0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,options:. IgnoreUnkNownCharacters ) createSuccess = manager.createFileAtPath(file.path!,contents:data,monospace!important; min-height:inherit!important">) "文件创建结果: \(createSuccess)" ) } } //在文档目录下新建test.txt文件 .defaultManager() inDomains: ) NSURL createFile( "test.txt" ottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.5em!important; margin:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:1px 0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,fileBaseUrl: url) //createFile("folder/new.txt",fileBaseUrl: url)

6，复制文件

（1）方法1

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.defaultManager() homeDirectory = () srcUrl = homeDirectory + "/Documents/hangge.txt" toUrl = homeDirectory + "/Documents/copyed.txt" try! fileManager.copyItemAtPath(srcUrl,toPath: toUrl)

（2）方法2

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// 定位到用户文档目录 NSURL // 将test.txt文件拷贝到文档目录根目录下的copyed.txt文件 srcUrl = url. toUrl = url. "copyed.txt" try! manager.copyItemAtURL(srcUrl,toURL: toUrl)

7，移动文件
（1）方法1

"/Documents/moved"

try! fileManager.moveItemAtPath(srcUrl,toPath: toUrl)

（2）方法2

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) // 移动srcUrl中的文件（test.txt）到toUrl中（copyed.txt） try! manager.moveItemAtURL(srcUrl,toURL: toUrl)

8，删除文件
（1）方法1

try! fileManager.removeItemAtPath(srcUrl)

（2）方法2

ottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.5em!important; margin:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:1px 0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:100%!important; font-family:Consolas,

NSURL

// 删除文档根目录下的toUrl路径的文件（copyed.txt文件）

try! manager.removeItemAtURL(toUrl)

9，删除目录下所有的文件
（1）方法1：获取所有文件，然后遍历删除

myDirectory ="/Documents/Files"

fileArray:[ AnyObject ]? = fileManager.subpathsAtPath(myDirectory)

for fn in fileArray!{

try! fileManager.removeItemAtPath(myDirectory + "/\(fn)" }

（2）方法2：删除目录后重新创建该目录

try! fileManager.removeItemAtPath(myDirectory)

attributes: )

10，读取文件

urlsForDocDirectory = manager.docPath:= urlsForDocDirectory[0]NSURL

file = docPath. //方法1

readHandler = try! NSFileHandle (forReadingFromURL:file)

data = readHandler.readDataToEndOfFile()

readString = Nsstring (data: data,249)!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.5em!important; margin:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px 1em!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important"> "文件内容: \(readString)"

//方法2

data = manager.contentsAtPath(file.path!)

(data: data!,monospace!important; min-height:inherit!important">)

)

11，在任意位置写入数据

string ="添加一些文字到文件末尾"

appendedData = string.dataUsingEncoding( ottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.5em!important; margin:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:1px 0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,allowLossyConversion: writeHandler = try? (forWritingToURL:file)

writeHandler!.seekToEndOfFile()

writeHandler!.writeData(appendedData!)

12，文件权限判断

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readable = manager.isReadableFileAtPath(file.path!) "可读: \(readable)" writeable = manager.isWritableFileAtPath(file.path!) "可写: \(writeable)" executable = manager.isExecutableFileAtPath(file.path!) "可执行: \(executable)" ) deleteable = manager.isDeletableFileAtPath(file.path!) "可删除: \(deleteable)" )

13，获取文件属性（创建时间，修改时间，文件大小，文件类型等信息）

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ottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.5em!important; margin:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:1px 0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:100%!important; font-family:Consolas, attributes = try? manager.attributesOfItemAtPath(file.path!) //结果为AnyObject类型 "attributes: \(attributes!)" )

14，文件/文件夹比较

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contents = try! manager.contentsOfDirectoryAtPath(docPath.path!) //下面比较前面两个文件是否内容相同（该方法也可以用来比较目录） count = contents.count count > 1 { path1 = docPath.path! + "/" + (contents[0] as path2 = docPath.path! + + (contents[1] equal = manager.contentsEqualAtPath(path1,andpath:path2) "比较结果: \(equal)" }

原文出自： www.hangge.com 转载请保留原文链接： http://www.hangge.com/blog/cache/detail_527.html