详解Java后端优雅验证参数合法性

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1、首先创建一个测试实体类Person，并携带如上注解，其注解的作用描述在message

package com.clickpaas.pojo; import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonFormat; import lombok.Data; import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Length; import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Range; import javax.validation.constraints.*; import java.math.BigDecimal; import java.util.Date; import java.util.List; /** * @author 方延杰 * @version 1.0 * @since 2020/12/10 9:04 下午 */ @Data public class Person { @Null(message = "death必须为null") private String death; @AssertTrue(message = "bool必须为true") private boolean bool; @AssertFalse(message = "fal必须为false") private boolean fal; @Min(value = 1, message = "min必须为数字,其值大于或等于指定的最小值") private Integer min; @Max(value = 10, message = "max必须为数字,其值小于或等于指定的最大值") private Integer max; @DecimalMin(value = "1", message = "minDeci最小不能小于1") private BigDecimal minDeci; @DecimalMax(value = "10", message = "maxDeci最大不能大于10") private BigDecimal maxDeci; @Size(min = 1, max = 2, message = "list集合的长度最小不能小于1,最大不能大于2") private List list; @Digits(integer = 4, fraction = 2, message = "digits整数位不能超过4个,小数位不能超过2个") private BigDecimal digits; /** * 将前台传来的日期数据映射到此字段 */ @JsonFormat(shape = JsonFormat.Shape.STRING, pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", timezone = "GMT+8") @Past(message = "past必须为过去的日期") private Date past; @JsonFormat(shape = JsonFormat.Shape.STRING, pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", timezone = "GMT+8") @Future(message = "future必须为将来的日期") private Date future; @Pattern(regexp = "^1[3|4|5|7|8][0-9]{9}$", message = "phone必须符合正则表达式") private String phone; @Email(message = "email必须是邮箱格式") private String email; @Length(min = 1, max = 2, message = "length长度最小不能小于1,最大不能大于2") private String length; @NotEmpty(message = "id不能为null，长度大于0") private String id; @Range(min = 1, max = 12, message = "month最小不能小于1,最大不能大于12") private Integer month; @NotBlank(message = "name不能为null,字段串长度大于0（限字符串）") private String name; }

2、封装返回响应体

package com.clickpaas.response; import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Data; /** * @author 方延杰 * @version 1.0 * @since 2019/7/3 4:32 下午 */ @Data @AllArgsConstructor public class CodeMsg { private int code; private String msg; /** * 失败 */ public static CodeMsg SERVER_ERROR = new CodeMsg(500, "服务端异常"); }

package com.clickpaas.response; import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Data; /** * @author 方延杰 * @version 1.0 * @since 2019/7/3 4:35 下午 */ @Data @AllArgsConstructor public class Result { /** * 返回状态码除200其余全部失败 */ private int code; /** * 返回信息除success其余全部失败 */ private String msg; /** * 泛型数据 */ private T data; /** * 成功时返回的类型 * * @param data 数据 * @param 泛型 * @return 泛型数据 */ public static Result success(T data) { return new Result(200, "success", data); } public static Result fail(CodeMsg codeMsg) { return new Result(codeMsg); } private Result(CodeMsg codeMsg) { if (codeMsg == null) { return; } this.code = codeMsg.getCode(); this.msg = codeMsg.getMsg(); } }

3、创建使用增强器拦截并返回异常信息

package com.clickpaas.config; import com.clickpaas.response.CodeMsg; import com.clickpaas.response.Result; import org.springframework.web.bind.MethodArgumentNotValidException; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import java.util.Objects; /** * @author 方延杰 * @version 1.0 * @since 2018/12/10 4:59 下午 */ @RestControllerAdvice public class GlobalExceptionInterceptor { @ExceptionHandler(value = MethodArgumentNotValidException.class) public Result exceptionHandler(HttpServletRequest request, Exception e) { String errMsg = "处理失败"; if (e instanceof MethodArgumentNotValidException) { // 拿到参数校验具体异常信息 errMsg = Objects.requireNonNull(((MethodArgumentNotValidException) e).getBindingResult().getFieldError()).getDefaultMessage(); } return Result.fail(new CodeMsg(500, errMsg)); } }

4、创建控制层测试

package com.clickpaas.controller; import com.clickpaas.pojo.Person; import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; /** * @author 方延杰 * @version 1.0 * @since 2020/12/10 9:03 下午 */ @RestController public class ValidController { @PostMapping("/valid") public String valid(@Validated @RequestBody Person person) { return "success"; } }

5、测试符合验证请求体访问，请求体如下：

{ "death":null, "bool":true, "fal":false, "min":1, "max":10, "minDeci":1, "maxDeci":10, "list":[ {},{} ], "digits":1144.12, "past":"2020-10-01 10:00:00", "future":"2022-10-01 10:00:00", "phone":"15900445584", "email":"yanjie.fang@clickpaas.com", "length":"ab", "id":" ", "name":"a" }

6、故意修改不符合验证的数据

7、如果想做整体验证，如下：

package com.clickpaas.uitl; import javax.validation.ConstraintViolation; import javax.validation.Validation; import javax.validation.Validator; import java.util.List; import java.util.Set; import java.util.stream.Collectors; /** * Bean整体校验工具类 * * @author 方延杰 * @version 1.0 * @since 2020/12/10 10:08 下午 */ public class ValidatorUtils { private static final Validator VALIDATOR = Validation.buildDefaultValidatorFactory().getValidator(); /** * Bean整体校验，有不合规范，拼接message */ public static String validate(Object obj, Class>... groups) { StringBuilder errorMessage = new StringBuilder(); Set> resultSet = VALIDATOR.validate(obj, groups); if (resultSet.size() > 0) { //如果存在错误结果，则将其解析并进行拼凑后异常抛出 List errorMessageList = resultSet.stream().map(ConstraintViolation::getMessage).collect(Collectors.toList()); errorMessageList.forEach(o -> errorMessage.append(o).append(";")); } return errorMessage.toString(); } }

8、整体测试类

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详解Java后端优雅验证参数合法性

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