众所周知,在Oracle数据库12.2中,sys和system的口令被列入了Password Life Cycle management,
因此就存在sys密码和system密码在default profile中密码有效期是180天的问题.
请参考:How to set SYS And System Expiration Dates (文档 ID 2177278.1)
环境描述:
Oracle Database 12.2 x64bit 单机,RHEL6.7,虚拟机.建库时间(v$database.created)是2017-03-27,06:07:39
该RHEL6.7启动之后,操作系统时间是2017-07-25,于是,我 date -s '2017-11-11 22:37:30',然后clock -w,
然后重启os,然后启动db,执行如下查询,发现sys和system的 EXPIRY_DATE依然是2017-09-23,06:09:12,也就是修改os时间之前的日期.
sql> select username,account_status,LOCK_DATE,EXPIRY_DATE,PROFILE from dba_users order by 1; USERNAME ACCOUNT_STATUS LOCK_DATE EXPIRY_DATE PROFILE ------------------------- -------------------- ------------------- ------------------- ------------------------- ANONYMOUS EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,15:27:28 2017-01-26,15:27:28 DEFAULT APPQOSSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,14:23:28 2017-01-26,14:23:28 DEFAULT AUDSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,13:53:26 2017-01-26,13:53:26 DEFAULT CTXSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,14:57:34 2017-01-26,14:57:34 DEFAULT DBSFWUSER EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,14:07:52 2017-01-26,14:07:52 DEFAULT DBSNMP EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,14:23:26 2017-01-26,14:23:26 DEFAULT DIP EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,14:05:46 2017-01-26,14:05:46 DEFAULT DVF EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,15:27:28 DEFAULT DVSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,15:26:39 2017-01-26,15:26:39 DEFAULT GGSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,14:24:33 2017-01-26,14:24:33 DEFAULT GSMADMIN_INTERNAL EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,14:04:59 2017-01-26,14:04:59 DEFAULT GSMCATUSER EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,14:24:27 2017-01-26,14:24:27 DEFAULT GSMUSER EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,14:05:01 2017-01-26,14:05:01 DEFAULT LBACSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,15:27:28 DEFAULT MDDATA EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,15:27:28 DEFAULT mdsYS EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,14:57:47 2017-01-26,14:57:47 DEFAULT OJVMSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,14:51:07 2017-01-26,14:51:07 DEFAULT OLAPSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,15:12:32 2017-01-26,15:12:32 DEFAULT ORACLE_OCM EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,14:09:34 2017-01-26,14:09:34 DEFAULT ORDDATA EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,14:57:47 DEFAULT ORdplUGINS EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,14:57:47 DEFAULT ORDSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,14:57:46 2017-01-26,14:57:46 DEFAULT OUTLN EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,13:53:40 2017-01-26,13:53:40 DEFAULT REMOTE_SCHEDULER_AGENT EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,14:07:51 2017-01-26,14:07:51 DEFAULT SI_INFORMTN_SCHEMA EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,14:57:47 DEFAULT SPATIAL_CSW_ADMIN_USR EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,15:15:55 2017-01-26,15:15:55 DEFAULT SYS OPEN 2017-09-23,06:09:12 DEFAULT SYS$UMF EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,14:16:23 2017-01-26,14:16:23 DEFAULT SYSBACKUP EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,13:53:27 2017-01-26,13:53:27 DEFAULT SYSDG EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,13:53:27 DEFAULT SYSKM EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,13:53:27 DEFAULT SYSRAC EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,13:53:27 DEFAULT SYstem OPEN 2017-09-23,06:09:12 DEFAULT ------------->>>注意此行. WMSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,14:48:37 2017-01-26,14:48:37 DEFAULT XDB EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,14:27:18 2017-01-26,14:27:18 DEFAULT XS$NULL EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,14:07:19 2017-01-26,14:07:19 DEFAULT 36 rows selected.
那我就有点疑问了,按照DEFAULT这个profile 180天的设置,如下:
sql> select * from dba_profiles where profile='DEFAULT' and RESOURCE_NAME='PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME'; PROFILE RESOURCE_NAME RESOURCE LIMIT COM INH IMP ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- -------- ---------------------------------------- --- --- --- DEFAULT PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME PASSWORD 180 NO NO NO sql>
现在(2017-11-11 23:22:11)已经超过了2017-09-23,为啥system的密码还不expire呢? 我猜测肯定有一个"触发system密码expire"的时机.
过了一段时间之后(中间有别的事情,不是特意耽误),当RHEL6.7的os时间是2017-11-18之后,我这么做了一下:
C:\Users\Administrator>sqlplus system/aaaaaa@12cR2_80.111 sql*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on 星期三 7月 26 12:37:16 2017 copyright (c) 1982,2013,Oracle. All rights reserved. ERROR: ORA-28002: the password will expire within 7 days ---------->>>注意此处的提示,我灵光一闪,莫非"触发system密码expire"的时机是在system登录时? 连接到: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production sql>
于是我立即查看监听日志:
2017-11-12T03:14:47.639148+08:00 12-NOV-2017 03:14:47 * (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=orcl)(CID=(PROGRAM=H:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\client_1\bin\sqlplus.exe)(HOST=HUNTER-PC)(USER=Administrator))) * (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.80.1)(PORT=59262)) * establish * orcl * 0
在2017-11-18 03:14:47,在 HUNTER-PC上,使用sqlplus.exe登录到本12.2数据库中.
然后立即去查看dba_users视图:
sql> set lines 400 sql> set pages 400 sql> alter session set nls_date_format = 'yyyy-mm-dd,hh24:mi:ss'; sql> column profile format a25 sql> column username format a25 sql> column account_status format a20 sql> col default_tablespace format a20 sql> col temporary_tablespace format a20 sql> select username,13:53:27 DEFAULT SYstem EXPIRED(GRACE) 2017-11-19,03:14:49 DEFAULT ------------->>>注意此处,EXPIRY_DATE已经变成了"2017-11-19,03:14:49"了. WMSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED 2017-01-26,14:07:19 DEFAULT 36 rows selected. sql> ---------------->>>因此:基本能断定"触发system密码expire"的时机是在system登录时.
总结:
sys密码expire会导致存储了sys密码的带库备份软件无法运行rman备份,后果你懂的.
原文地址：https://www.jb51.cc/oracle/208353.html
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