《:PHP微信开发之自定义菜单完整流程》要点:
本文介绍了:PHP微信开发之自定义菜单完整流程,希望对您有用。如果有疑问,可以联系我们。
自定义菜单能够帮助公众号丰富界面,让用户更好更快地理解公众号的功能.开启自定义菜单后,公众号界面如图所示:
个人订阅号使用微博认证、企业订阅号通过微信认证;可以申请到自定义菜单资格
三、获得AppId 和AppSecert
AppId和AppSecret在开发者中心-开发者ID中,可以找到.
四、获得Access Token
用appid和appsecert获得access token,接口为
https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bi ... mp;secret=APPSECRET
程序实现如下
$appid = ""; $appsecret = ""; $url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=$appid&secret=$appsecret"; $ch = curl_init(); curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_URL,$url); curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER,FALSE); curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST,CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER,1); $output = curl_exec($ch); curl_close($ch); $jsoninfo = json_decode($output,true); $access_token = $jsoninfo["access_token"];
你也可以直接在浏览器地址栏中,拼接出地址,执行后,获得如下数据
参数说明如下
其中的
N2L7KXa084WvelONYjkJ_traBMCCvy_UKmpuUzlrQ0EA2yNp3Iz6eSUrRG0bhaR_viswd50vDuPkY5nG43d1gbm-olT2KRMxOsve08RfeD9lvK9lMguNG9kpIkKGZEjIf8Jv2m9fFhf8bnNa-yQH3g
就是access token.
或者使用官方的接口调试工具,地址为:
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/debug/cgi-bin/apiinfo?t=index&type=%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E8%8F%9C%E5%8D%95&form=%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E8%8F%9C%E5%8D%95%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%A3%20/menu/create
点击检查问题得,得到
这样也获得了access token
目前自定义菜单最多包括3个一级菜单,每个一级菜单最多包含5个二级菜单.一级菜单最多4个汉字,二级菜单最多7个汉字,多出来的部分将会以“...”代 替.请注意,创建自定义菜单后,由于微信客户端缓存,需要24小时微信客户端才会展现出来.建议测试时可以尝试取消关注公众账号后再次关注,则可以看到创 建后的效果.
click:
用户点击click类型按钮后,微信服务器会通过消息接口推送消息类型为event 的结构给开发者(参考消息接口指南),并且带上按钮中开发者填写的key值,开发者可以通过自定义的key值与用户进行交互;
view:
用户点击view类型按钮后,微信客户端将会打开开发者在按钮中填写的url值 (即网页链接),达到打开网页的目的,建议与网页授权获取用户基本信息接口结合,获得用户的登入个人信息.
接口调用请求说明
http请求方式:POST(请使用https协议) https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bi ... _token=ACCESS_TOKEN
请求示例
{ "button":[ { "type":"click","name":"今日歌曲","key":"V1001_TODAY_MUSIC" },{ "type":"click","name":"歌手简介","key":"V1001_TODAY_SINGER" },{ "name":"菜单","sub_button":[ { "type":"view","name":"搜索","url":"http://www.soso.com/" },{ "type":"view","name":"视频","url":"http://v.qq.com/" },{ "type":"click","name":"赞一下我们","key":"V1001_GOOD" }] }] }
参数说明
返回结果
正确时的返回JSON数据包如下:
{"errcode":0,"errmsg":"ok"}
{"errcode":40018,"errmsg":"invalid button name size"}
菜单的JSON结构为
{"button": [{"name":"天气预报","sub_button":[{"type":"click","name":"北京天气","key":"天气北 京"},{"type":"click","name":"上海天气","key":"天气上海"},"name":" 广州天气","key":"天气广州"},"name":"深圳天气","key":"天气深圳"},{"type":"view","name":"本地天气","url":"http://m.hao123.com/a/tianqi"}]},{"name":"方倍工作室","name":"公司简 介","key":"company"},"name":"趣味游戏","key":"游戏"},"name":"讲个笑话","key":"笑话"}]}]}
将以下代码保存为menu.PHP,并且在浏览器中运行该文件(比如 http://127.0.0.1/menu.PHP),将直接向微信服务器提交菜单
PHP $access_token = ""; $jsonmenu = '{ "button":[ { "name":"天气预报","sub_button":[ { "type":"click","key":"天气北京" },"key":"天气上海" },"name":"广州天气","key":"天气广州" },"key":"天气深圳" },"url":"http://m.hao123.com/a/tianqi" }] },{ "name":"瑞雪","name":"公司简介","key":"company" },"key":"游戏" },"key":"笑话" }] }] }'; $url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/create?access_token=".$access_token; $result = https_request($url,$jsonmenu); var_dump($result); function https_request($url,$data = null){ $curl = curl_init(); curl_setopt($curl,$url); curl_setopt($curl,FALSE); curl_setopt($curl,FALSE); if (!empty($data)){ curl_setopt($curl,CURLOPT_POST,1); curl_setopt($curl,CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS,$data); } curl_setopt($curl,1); $output = curl_exec($curl); curl_close($curl); return $output; } ?>
或者使用官方的调试接口 使用网页调试工具调试该接口
七、响应菜单点击事件
在消息接口中处理event事件,其中的click代表菜单点击,通过响应菜单结构中的key值回应消息,view事件无须响应,将直接跳转过去
define("TOKEN","weixin"); $wechatObj = new wechatCallbackapitest(); if (!isset($_GET['echostr'])) { $wechatObj->responseMsg(); }else{ $wechatObj->valid(); } class wechatCallbackapiTest { public function valid() { $echoStr = $_GET["echostr"]; if($this->checkSignature()){ echo $echoStr; exit; } } private function checkSignature() { $signature = $_GET["signature"]; $timestamp = $_GET["timestamp"]; $nonce = $_GET["nonce"]; $token = TOKEN; $tmpArr = array($token,$timestamp,$nonce); sort($tmpArr); $tmpStr = implode( $tmpArr ); $tmpStr = sha1( $tmpStr ); if( $tmpStr == $signature ){ return true; }else{ return false; } } public function responseMsg() { $postStr = $GLOBALS["HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA"]; if (!empty($postStr)){ $postObj = simplexml_load_string($postStr,'SimpleXMLElement',LIBXML_NOCDATA); $RX_TYPE = trim($postObj->MsgType); switch ($RX_TYPE) { case "text": $resultStr = $this->receiveText($postObj); break; case "event": $resultStr = $this->receiveEvent($postObj); break; default: $resultStr = ""; break; } echo $resultStr; }else { echo ""; exit; } } private function receiveText($object) { $funcFlag = 0; $contentStr = "你发送的内容为:".$object->Content; $resultStr = $this->transmitText($object,$contentStr,$funcFlag); return $resultStr; } private function receiveEvent($object) { $contentStr = ""; switch ($object->Event) { case "subscribe": $contentStr = "欢迎洋洋博客"; case "unsubscribe": break; case "CLICK": switch ($object->EventKey) { case "company": $contentStr[] = array("Title" =>"公司简介","Description" =>"洋洋的博客","PicUrl" =>"http://discuz.comli.com/weixin/weather/icon/cartoon.jpg","Url" =>"weixin://addfriend/pondbaystudio"); break; default: $contentStr[] = array("Title" =>"默认菜单回复","Description" =>"您正在使用的是<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">洋洋的博客</span><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">",</span> "PicUrl" =>"http://discuz.comli.com/weixin/weather/icon/cartoon.jpg","Url" =>"weixin://addfriend/pondbaystudio"); break; } break; default: break; } if (is_array($contentStr)){ $resultStr = $this->transmitNews($object,$contentStr); }else{ $resultStr = $this->transmitText($object,$contentStr); } return $resultStr; } private function transmitText($object,$content,$funcFlag = 0) { $textTpl = "<xml> <ToUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></ToUserName> <FromUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></FromUserName> <CreateTime>%s</CreateTime> <MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType> <Content><![CDATA[%s]]></Content> <FuncFlag>%d</FuncFlag> </xml>"; $resultStr = sprintf($textTpl,$object->FromUserName,$object->ToUserName,time(),$funcFlag); return $resultStr; } private function transmitNews($object,$arr_item,$funcFlag = 0) { //首条标题28字,其他标题39字 if(!is_array($arr_item)) return; $itemTpl = " <item> <Title><![CDATA[%s]]></Title> <Description><![CDATA[%s]]></Description> <PicUrl><![CDATA[%s]]></PicUrl> <Url><![CDATA[%s]]></Url> </item> "; $item_str = ""; foreach ($arr_item as $item) $item_str .= sprintf($itemTpl,$item['Title'],$item['Description'],$item['PicUrl'],$item['Url']); $newsTpl = "<xml> <ToUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></ToUserName> <FromUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></FromUserName> <CreateTime>%s</CreateTime> <MsgType><![CDATA[news]]></MsgType> <Content><![CDATA[]]></Content> <ArticleCount>%s</ArticleCount> <Articles> $item_str</Articles> <FuncFlag>%s</FuncFlag> </xml>"; $resultStr = sprintf($newsTpl,count($arr_item),$funcFlag); return $resultStr; } } ?>
由于菜单中只能填写固定的URL地址,对于想要菜单中获取用户的OpenID的情况,可以使用OAuth2.0授权的方式来实现.
URL中填写的地址为一个固定的回调地址.原理方法可以参考 微信公众平台开发(99) 自定义菜单获取OpenID
<?PHP /* 洋洋的博客 */ define("TOKEN","weixin"); $wechatObj = new wechatCallbackapitest(); if (isset($_GET['echostr'])) { $wechatObj->valid(); }else{ $wechatObj->responseMsg(); } class wechatCallbackapiTest { public function valid() { $echoStr = $_GET["echostr"]; if($this->checkSignature()){ header('content-type:text'); echo $echoStr; exit; } } private function checkSignature() { $signature = $_GET["signature"]; $timestamp = $_GET["timestamp"]; $nonce = $_GET["nonce"]; $token = TOKEN; $tmpArr = array($token,$nonce); sort($tmpArr,SORT_STRING); $tmpStr = implode( $tmpArr ); $tmpStr = sha1( $tmpStr ); if( $tmpStr == $signature ){ return true; }else{ return false; } } public function responseMsg() { $postStr = $GLOBALS["HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA"]; if (!empty($postStr)){ $postObj = simplexml_load_string($postStr,LIBXML_NOCDATA); $fromUsername = $postObj->FromUserName; $toUsername = $postObj->ToUserName; $keyword = trim($postObj->Content); $time = time(); $textTpl = "<xml> <ToUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></ToUserName> <FromUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></FromUserName> <CreateTime>%s</CreateTime> <MsgType><![CDATA[%s]]></MsgType> <Content><![CDATA[%s]]></Content> <FuncFlag>0</FuncFlag> </xml>"; if($keyword == "?" || $keyword == "?") { $msgType = "text"; $contentStr = '当前时间是:'.date("Y-m-d H:i:s",time()); $resultStr = sprintf($textTpl,$fromUsername,$toUsername,$time,$msgType,$contentStr); echo $resultStr; } }else{ echo ""; exit; } } } ?>
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