CentOS7.4下MySQL5.7.28二进制方式安装的方法步骤

Linux系统版本：CentOS7.4

MySQL版本：5.7.28

在Linux平台有RPM包、二进制包、源码包3中安装方式，这一篇文章主要是以RPM包为例来介绍如何在Linux平台下进行MysqL的安装。

下载地址：

https://cdn.MysqL.com//Downloads/MysqL-5.7/MysqL-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

具体安装步骤如下：

（1）首先卸载mariadb，不然后面会和安装MysqL需要的库冲突：

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64

（2）用root用户登录系统，增加MysqL用户和组，数据库安装在此用户下：

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd MysqL
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -g MysqL -s /bin/false MysqL

（3）准备数据目录

以/app/data为例,建议使用逻辑卷

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /app/data
[root@localhost ~]# chown MysqL.MysqL /app/data/
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 750 /app/data

（4）准备二进制文件：

[root@localhost ~]# tar xvf MysqL-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local
[root@localhost local]# ln -sv MysqL-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 MysqL
‘MysqL' -> ‘MysqL-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64'

（5）初始化MysqL：

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/MysqL
[root@localhost MysqL]# bin/MysqLd --initialize --user=MysqL --basedir=/usr/local/MysqL --datadir=/app/data
2019-11-03T09:47:18.263716Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2019-11-03T09:47:19.059462Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2019-11-03T09:47:19.140866Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2019-11-03T09:47:19.207569Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: ed1cd8ec-fe1e-11e9-8c9c-000c29f8617a.
2019-11-03T09:47:19.209181Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'MysqL.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2019-11-03T09:47:19.646366Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2019-11-03T09:47:20.056792Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: rY-6f??#!<zO

其中--basedir MysqL基础目录 --datadir MysqL数据存放目录，并创建了root用户的临时密码：rY-6f??#!<zO

（6）开启ssl连接：

[root@localhost MysqL]# bin/MysqL_ssl_rsa_setup
2019-11-03 23:09:55 [ERROR]  Failed to access directory pointed by --datadir. Please make sure that directory exists and is accessible by MysqL_ssl_rsa_setup. Supplied value : /usr/local/MysqL/data
[root@localhost MysqL]# bin/MysqL_ssl_rsa_setup --datadir=/app/data

命令后面不加参数报错，加了--datadir后不报错

（7）编辑配置文件，保存退出：

[root@localhost MysqL]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[MysqLd]
# GENERAL
datadir=/app/data
socket=/app/data/MysqL.sock
user=MysqL
default-storage-engine=InnoDB

[MysqLd_safe]
log-error=/app/data/MysqL-error.log
pid-file=/app/data/MysqLd.pid

[client]
socket=/app/data/MysqL.sock

（8）启动MysqL：

[root@localhost MysqL]# bin/MysqLd_safe --user=MysqL &

（9）配置环境变量：

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/profile
#添加下面一行
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/MysqL/bin
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile

（10）设置开机启动：

[root@localhost MysqL]# cp support-files/MysqL.server /etc/init.d/MysqL.server
[root@localhost MysqL]# chkconfig --add MysqL.server

（11）测试登录成功：

[root@localhost ~]# MysqL -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MysqL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MysqL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.28

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