SpringCloud学习笔记(二) 提供者和消费者

创建提供者子模块

建module

选择新建module

不选择任何模板直接创建maven模块

最终目录结构如下

改pom.xml

新建模块后，父工程的pom文件会自动引入<modole>标签，这时需要将<packaging>标签移到<module>标签之上

之后为子模块添加依赖

<dependencies>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/druid -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
        <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>1.1.10</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/MysqL/mysql-connector-java -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>MysqL</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-jdbc -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-devtools -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        <scope>runtime</scope>
        <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-test -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

写yml

在子工程的资源文件夹下新建yml配置文件

在application.yml中添加如下配置

server:
  port: 8001


spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-payment-service
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource # 数据源操作类型
    driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.MysqL.Driver # 数据库驱动
    url: jdbc:MysqL://localhost:3306/sp?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
    username: root
    password: 12345

mybatis:
  mapperLocations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
  type-aliases-package: zjc.entities # Entity所在包

配置主启动类

新建一个类作为主启动类

代码如下

package zjc;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

@SpringBootApplication // 标记这个类是主启动类
public class PaymentMain8001 {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8001.class, args);
	}
}

写业务类

1. MysqL建表

   CREATE TABLE payment (
    id BIGINT(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT ID,
    'serial' VARCHAR(200) DEFAULT,
    PRIMARY KEY(id)
   ) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
   

2. 建entities

   新建如下model类

   package zjc.entities;
   
   import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
   import lombok.Data;
   import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
   
   import java.io.Serializable;
   
   @Data
   @AllArgsConstructor
   @NoArgsConstructor
   public class Payment implements Serializable {
   	private Long id;
   	private String serial;
   }
   

3. 新建返回结果类

   这个类一般会单独提取到一个模块中，步骤后续再说

   package zjc.common;
   
   import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
   import lombok.Data;
   import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
   
   @Data
   @AllArgsConstructor
   @NoArgsConstructor
   public class Result {
   	private Integer code;
   	private String message;
   	private Object data;
   	public Result(Integer code, String message) {
   		this(code, message, null);
   	}
   }
   

4. 书写dao接口

   package zjc.dao;
   
   import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
   import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
   import zjc.entities.Payment;
   
   @Mapper
   public interface PaymentDao {
   	public int create(Payment payment);
   	public Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id);
   }
   

5. 配置Mapper

   在资源文件夹下新建mapper文件夹，以后的Mapper.xml配置文件都会放到这里面

   

   Mapper.xml默认配置如下

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
   
   <mapper namespace="DAO对应的类">
   
   </mapper>
   

   根据之前写的dao接口在<mapper>标签中配置响应的sql

   <insert id="create" parameterType="Payment" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id">
       insert into payment(serial) values(#{serial})
   </insert>
   
   <!--为了防止驼峰命名冲突，建议使用结果集映射-->
   <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="zjc.entities.Payment">
       <!--字段一一映射-->
       <id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="BIGINT"/>
       <id column="serial" property="serial" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
   </resultMap>
   <select id="getPaymentById" parameterType="Long" resultMap="BaseResultMap">
       select `id`,`serial` from payment where  id=#{id}
   </select>
   

6. 创建service

   根据dao创建相应的service接口

   package zjc.service;
   
   import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
   import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
   import zjc.entities.Payment;
   
   public interface PaymentService {
   	public int create(Payment payment);
   	public Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id);
   }
   

   以及service接口的实现类

   springcloud中推荐使用Resource注解进行注入

   package zjc.service.impl;
   
   import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
   import zjc.dao.PaymentDao;
   import zjc.entities.Payment;
   import zjc.service.PaymentService;
   
   import javax.annotation.Resource;
   
   @Service
   public class PaymentServiceImpl implements PaymentService {
   	@Resource
   	private PaymentDao paymentDao;
   	
   	@Override
   	public int create(Payment payment) {
   		return paymentDao.create(payment);
   	}
   
   	@Override
   	public Payment getPaymentById(Long id) {
   		return paymentDao.getPaymentById(id);
   	}
   }
   

7. 运行项目，访问网页获取结果集

   访问localhost:8001/payment/get/3

   获取以下结果

   

   对于method为post的请求，浏览器对get以外的访问方式支持较差，因此使用postman、swagger或者apifox等api调试工具

   使用post方式访问localhost:8001/payment/create?serial=111

   

   获取以下结果

   {
       "code": 200,
       "message": "数据插入成功",
       "data": 1
   }
   

---

提取常用类到子模块

有一些常用的类如果每一个模块都单独创建无疑会增加代码冗余度

为了增强代码复用性可以将这些类单独提取到一个模块中

1. 创建一个子模块

2. 配置其pom文件

   <dependency>
       <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
       <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
       <optional>true</optional>
   </dependency>
   
   <dependency>
       <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
       <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
       <version>5.1.0</version>
   </dependency>
   

3. 将常用的类copy到这个模块中

之后将CommonComponent模块使用mvc:install打包就可以在其他子模块中引入了

在其它模块中添加CommonComponent的依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>zjc</groupId>
    <artifactId>CommonComponent</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>

创建消费者子模块

创建多个子模块时可能会出现如下提醒，点击Use Services可以进入Services面板可以更好的处理多个模块

创建新模块后别忘了引入CommonComponent模块的相关依赖

1. 创建新模块并编辑其springboot配置文件

   

   server:
   	port: 80 # 将消费者模块的启动端口设置为80
   

2. 配置config类

   package zjc.config;
   
   import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
   import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
   import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
   
   @Configuration
   public class ApplicationContextConfig {
   
   	@Bean // 注入restTemplate
   	public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
   		return new RestTemplate();
   	}
   }
   
   

3. 使用restTemplate访问restful接口

   restTemplate的三个参数url，resultMap, ResponseBean.class分别到表Rest请求地址、请求参数和HTTP响应转换的对象类型

   创建消费者的controller

   因为用户是用浏览器访问，所以Mapping是用@GetMapping注解

   package zjc.controller;
   
   import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
   import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
   import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
   import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
   import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
   import zjc.common.Result;
   import zjc.entities.Payment;
   
   import javax.annotation.Resource;
   
   @Slf4j
   @RestController
   public class OrderController {
   	public static final String PAYMENT_URL = "http://localhost:8001";
   
   	@Resource
   	private RestTemplate restTemplate;
   
   	@GetMapping("consumer/payment/create")
   	public Result create(Payment payment) {
   		return restTemplate.postForObject(PAYMENT_URL + "/payment/create", payment, Result.class);
   	}
   
   	@GetMapping("/consumer/payment/get/{id}")
   	public Result create(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
   		return restTemplate.getForObject(PAYMENT_URL + "/payment/get/" + id, Result.class);
   	}
   }
   
   

4. 启动项目并访问

   先启动提供者再启动消费者

   之后访问localhost/consumer/payment/get/3

   访问结果如下

   

   再访问localhost/consumer/payment/create/?serial=safaffyug

   访问结果如下

   

---

热部署

推荐使用jrebel来进行热部署

在setting中的plugins中安装jrebel插件

然后进行激活

在线GUID地址

服务器地址：https://jrebel.qekang.com/{GUID}

激活会用到服务器地址

在激活面板中的Team URL中填入上面获取到的服务器地址

之后再填写自己的邮箱完成激活

激活jrebel后进行以下设置

按快捷键 Ctrl+Shift+Alt+/ ，选择 Registry

设置后之后就可以使用jrebel热部署项目了

点击左下角的jrebel panel

勾选需要热部署的项目

Jrebel会自动生成rebel.xml配置文件

运行项目时只需要点击右上角的小火箭即可用jrebel热部署项目

修改项目后，只需要使用Ctrl + Shift + F9就能实现修改的效果