Day141.项目简介、基础环境搭建 -SSM_CRUD

一、项目简介

1、SSM-CRUD

• SSM

Spring+SpringMVC+MyBatis

• CRUD

Create（创建）

Retrieve（查询）

Update（修改）

Delete（删除）

2、功能点

• 分页
• 数据校验
  • jquery前端校验+JSR303后端校验
• ajax
• REST风格的URI；使用HTTP协议请求方式的动词，来表示对资源的请求操作【GET(查询)、POST(新增)、PUT(修改)、DELETE(删除)】

3、技术点

• 基础框架—SSM（Spring+SpringMVC+MyBatis）

• 数据库—MysqL

• 前端框架—bootstrap快速搭建简介美观的页面

• 项目的依赖管理—Maven

• 分页—pageHelper

• 逆向工程—MyBatis Generator

二、基础环境搭建

1、创建一个Maven工程

2、设置maven配置文件

• 配置maven仓库镜像位置，在settings.xml文件中

<mirror>
    <id>alimaven</id>
    <name>aliyun maven</name>
    <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
    <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>       
</mirror>

• 在profiles标签下设置默认jdk

    <profile>
      <id>jdk-1.7</id>

      <activation>
		<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
        <jdk>1.7</jdk>
      </activation>

      <repositories>
        <repository>
          <id>jdk17</id>
          <name>Repository for JDK 1.7 builds</name>
          <url>http://www.myhost.com/maven/jdk17</url>
          <layout>default</layout>
          <snapshotPolicy>always</snapshotPolicy>
        </repository>
      </repositories>
    </profile>

3、引入项目依赖的jar包

• spring
• springmvc
• mybatis
• 数据库连接池，数据库驱动
• 其他

pom.xml文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.achang</groupId>
    <artifactId>ssm_crud</artifactId>
    <version>1.0</version>
    <name>ssm_crud</name>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <junit.version>5.6.2</junit.version>
    </properties>

    <!--引入項目依賴的jar包-->
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- spring-jdbc -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- spring-面向切面 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- mybatis -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--mybatis整合spring适配包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--数据库连接池-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.4</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--数据库驱动-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>MysqL</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.41</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--jstl-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--servletAPI-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!--单元测试JUnit-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax</groupId>
            <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.1</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
            <version>${junit.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
            <version>${junit.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.3.0</version>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

4、引入bootstrap前端框架

去bootstrap官方下载模板文件，再放置文件夹导入使用

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<!--引入jquery-->
<script type="text/javascript" src="static/js/jquery-1.7.2.min.js"></script>
<!--引入样式-->
<link href="static/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<script src="static/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<body>
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-success">按钮</button>
</body>
</html>

5、编写ssm整合的关键配置文件

• web.xml、spring、springmvc、mybatis，使用mybatis的逆向工程生成对应的bean和mapper
• 文件夹分布情况

①dbconfig.properties：

jdbc_driverClassName=com.MysqL.jdbc.Driver
jdbc_url=jdbc:MysqL://localhost:3306/ssm_crud
jdbc_password=00000
jdbc_username=root

②web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    <!--1、启动spring容器-->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <!--配置spring配置文件地址-->
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>


    <!--2、springmvc的前端控制器，拦截所有请求-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.dispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <!--配置mvc的配置文件地址-->
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        <async-supported>true</async-supported>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!--3、字符编码过滤器，一定要放在所有过滤器之前-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceRequestEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!--4、使用REST风格的URI，将普通的post请求转为指定的delete或者put请求-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>	
    </filter-mapping>

</web-app>

.

③spring的applicationContext.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!--Spring配置文件，主要配置和业务逻辑有关的-->
<!--数据源，事务控制,...-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.achang">
        <!--不扫控制器-->
        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>
    <!--引入外部配置文件-->
    <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
        <property name="location" value="classpath:/dbconfig.properties"/>
    </bean>
    <bean class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" id="druidDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc_driverClassName}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc_url}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc_password}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc_username}"/>
    </bean>

<!--=======配置mybatis的整合=========-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.sqlSessionfactorybean" id="sessionFactory">
        <!--指定mybatis全局配置文件的位置-->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis_config.xml"/>
        <!--指定数据源-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="druidDataSource"/>
        <!--指定mybatis，mapper文件的位置-->
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"/>
    </bean>

    <!--配置扫描器，将mybatis接口的实现加入到ioc容器中-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!--扫描所有dao下的接口的实现，加入ioc容器-->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.achang.dao"/>
    </bean>

<!--====================================-->

    <!--事务控制管理器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" id="transactionManager">
        <!--控制数据源-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="druidDataSource"/>
    </bean>

<!--事务控制配置-->
    <!--开启基于注解的事务，或使用xml配置形式的事务（重要的使用xml配置形式）-->
    <aop:config>
        <!--切入点表达式，service下的所有包的所有类都切入使用事务控制-->
        <aop:pointcut id="txPoint" expression="execution(* com.achang.service..*(..))"/>
        <!--配置事务增强-->
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPoint"/>
    </aop:config>
    <!--配置事务-->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <!--这个切入点切入的所有方法都是事务方法-->
            <tx:method name="*"/>
            <!--以get开始的所有方法都是事务方法-->
            <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <!-- spring配置文件的核心点：数据源、mybatis整合spring、事务控制-->

</beans>

.

④springmvc的applicationContext-mvc.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!--springmvc配置文件，包含网址跳转逻辑控制，配置-->
    <!--1、扫描包，并禁用默认过滤规则-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.achang" use-default-filters="false">
        <!--只扫描标了@Controller注解的控制器-->
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>


    <!--2、配置视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>


    <!--3、两个标准配置，打开外挂-->
    <!--处理静态文件，将mvc不能处理的交给tomcat服务器处理-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    <!--处理动态文件；能支持springmvc更高级的功能，JSR303校验，快捷ajax，映射动态请求-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

</beans>

.

⑤mybatis_config.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">

<configuration>
    <settings>
        <!--开启驼峰命名规则-->
        <setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true"/>
    </settings>
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.achang.bean"/>
    </typeAliases>

</configuration>

.

⑥逆向工程MBG.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE generatorConfiguration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD MyBatis Generator Configuration 1.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-generator-config_1_0.dtd">

<generatorConfiguration>


    <context id="DB2Tables" targetRuntime="MyBatis3">
        <!--指定生成时不含有注释-->
        <commentGenerator>
            <property name="suppressAllComments" value="true" />
        </commentGenerator>
        <!--配置数据库连接信息-->
        <jdbcConnection driverClass="com.MysqL.jdbc.Driver"
                        connectionURL="jdbc:MysqL://localhost:3306/ssm_crud"
                        userId="root"
                        password="00000">
        </jdbcConnection>


        <javaTypeResolver >
            <property name="forceBigDecimals" value="false" />
        </javaTypeResolver>

        <!--指定javaBean生成的位置-->
        <javaModelGenerator targetPackage="com.achang.bean" targetProject=".\src\main\java">
            <property name="enableSubPackages" value="true" />
            <property name="trimstrings" value="true" />
        </javaModelGenerator>

        <!--指定sql映射文件生成的位置-->
        <sqlMapGenerator targetPackage="mapper"  targetProject=".\src\main\resources">
            <property name="enableSubPackages" value="true" />
        </sqlMapGenerator>

        <!--指定dao接口生成的位置-->
        <javaClientGenerator type="XMLMAPPER" targetPackage="com.achang.dao"  targetProject=".\src\main\java">
            <property name="enableSubPackages" value="true" />
        </javaClientGenerator>

        <!--指定每个表的生成策略-->
        <table tableName="tbl_emp" domainObjectName="Employee"/>
        <table tableName="tbl_dept" domainObjectName="Department"/>

    </context>
</generatorConfiguration>

• 逆向工程的生成代码：

public class MBGTest {
    @Test
    public void testMBG() throws Exception{
    List<String> warnings = new ArrayList<String>();
    boolean overwrite = true;
    File configFile = new File("D:\\JavaStudy\\SSM_CRUD\\ssm_crud\\src\\main\\resources\\MBG.xml");
    ConfigurationParser cp = new ConfigurationParser(warnings);
    Configuration config = cp.parseConfiguration(configFile);
    DefaultShellCallback callback = new DefaultShellCallback(overwrite);
    MyBatisGenerator myBatisGenerator = new MyBatisGenerator(config, callback, warnings);
    myBatisGenerator.generate(null);
	}
}

• 生成的bean对象、dao类、sql映射文件

6、测试mapper功能是否实现

①使用原生单元测试

@Test
public void testCRUD(){
    原生spring获取容器mapper方式
    //1、创建springIOC容器
    ApplicationContext ioc = new ClasspathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
    //2、从容器中获取mapper
    ioc.getBean(DepartmentMapper.class);
}

②使用springTest单元测试

 * 使用Spring的单元测试
 *  1、导入springTest单元测试模块
 *  2、@ContextConfiguration指定spring配置文件的位置
 *  3、直接autowired要使用的组件即可

pom.xml

<!--SpringTest单元测试模块-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
    <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)//指定运行哪个单元测试模块，使用spring的test单元测试模块
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})//指定spring配置文件的位置
public class MapperTest {

    //通过以上使用spring单元测试模块，就可以直接将此加入ioc容器
    @Autowired
    DepartmentMapper departmentMapper;

    @Autowired
    EmployeeMapper employeeMapper;

    @Test
    public void testCRUD(){
    //通过springTest模块获取mapper方式
        System.out.println(departmentMapper);//org.apache.ibatis.binding.MapperProxy@2ca923bb
    }
    
}

---

③插入部门

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})
public class MapperTest {
    @Autowired
    DepartmentMapper departmentMapper;
    @Autowired
    EmployeeMapper employeeMapper;

    @Test
    public void testCRUD(){
        //1、插入几个部门
        departmentMapper.insertSelective(new Department(null,"开发部"));
        departmentMapper.insertSelective(new Department(null,"测试部"));
    }

}

④插入员工

//2、生成员工数据，测试员工插入
employeeMapper.insert(new Employee(null,"张飞","M","[e-mail]",1));

⑤批量插入

方式一、通过for循环批量插入

方式一、
for (){
	employeeMapper.insert(new Employee(null,"张飞","M","[e-mail]",1));
}

方式二：通过在ioc容器中设置一个batch批量插入的sqlSession

在ioc容器中配置可批量插入batch类型的sqlSession

    <!--配置一个可以执行批量的sqlSession-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.sqlSessionTemplate" id="sqlSession">
        <constructor-arg name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
        <constructor-arg name="executorType" value="BATCH"/>
    </bean>

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})
public class MapperTest {

    @Autowired
    DepartmentMapper departmentMapper;

    @Autowired
    EmployeeMapper employeeMapper;

    @Autowired
    sqlSession sqlSession;//批量插入
    
    public void testCRUD(){

        //方式二、通过在ioc容器中设置一个batch批量插入的sqlSession
        //只发送一次带有条数的sql请求插入
        EmployeeMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(EmployeeMapper.class);
        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
            String s = UUID.randomUUID().toString().substring(0, 5)+i;
            mapper.insertSelective(new Employee(null,s ,"M",s+"@achang.com",1));
        }
        System.out.println("批量插入完成");
    }

}

⑥修改员工

//修改员工
employeeMapper.updateByPrimaryKey(new Employee(3,"赵云","M","[e-mail]",2));

⑦删除员工

//删除员工
employeeMapper.deleteByPrimaryKey(2);

⑧数据库截图

• tbl_dept

• tbl_emp