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C# 序列化与反序列化之xml对属性或者字段的子类化的子对象进行序列化的解决方案

分类：XML作者：编程之家原文地址AI导航网

C# 序列化与反序列化之xml对属性或者字段的子类化的子对象进行序列化的解决方案

xml序列化涉及到XmlRoot，XmlInclude，XmlElement，XmlAttribute，XmlType（用于继承的子类），XmlArray，XmlArrayItem（集合和集合项）等

新建控制台console项目，添加类XmlPerson以及XmlPerson的子类XmlStudent，XmlTeacher，添加Address类以及Address的的子类USAddress，AUAddress

1、运行的主方法代码如下：

using log4net;
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.sqlite;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using System.IO.Compression;
using System.IO.MemoryMappedFiles;
using System.IO.Pipes;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Security.AccessControl;
using System.Security.Principal;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
using System.Reflection;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Channels;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
 
namespace SupremeConsole
{
    class Program
    {
       
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            
            TestSeri();
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
 
       
        public static void TestSeri()
        {
            //Team team = new Team { TName="123",PlayerList = { new Person { Name="1",Age=1},new Person { Name = "2", Age = 2 } } };
            #region BinarySerialize 必须添可序列化属性，即要序列化的对象必须添加SerializableAttribute属性，[Serializable]
            //string s = SerializeManager.Instance.BinarySerialize<Team>(team);//序列化
            //Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Green;
            //Console.WriteLine("测试序列化成功。。。");
            //Console.WriteLine($"测试序列化结果：\r\n{s}");
 
            //string path = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "序列化11111.bin");//序列化
            //SerializeManager.Instance.BinarySerialize<Team>(team, path);
 
            //string path = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "序列化11111.bin");
            //Team test = SerializeManager.Instance.BinaryDeserialize<Team>(path);//反序列化
            //if (test != null)
            //{
            //    Console.WriteLine($"测试序列化结果：{test.ToString()}");
            //}
            #endregion
 
            #region SoapSerialize 必须添可序列化属性，即要序列化的对象必须添加SerializableAttribute属性，[Serializable]
            //string s = SerializeManager.Instance.soapSerialize<Team>(team);//序列化
            //Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Green;
            //Console.WriteLine("测试序列化成功。。。");
            //Console.WriteLine($"测试序列化结果：\r\n{s}");
 
            //string path = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "Soap序列化.xml");//序列化
            //SerializeManager.Instance.soapSerialize<Team>(team, path);
 
 
            //string path = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "Soap序列化.xml");
            //Team test = SerializeManager.Instance.soapDeserialize<Team>(path);//反序列化
            //if (test != null)
            //{
            //    Console.WriteLine($"测试序列化结果：{test.ToString()}");
            //}
            #endregion
 
            #region XmlSerialize 要序列化的对象可以不添加SerializableAttribute属性，[Serializable]
            //XmlPerson xmlPerson = new XmlPerson { Name = "1111", Age = 12,Address="住址。。。。" };
XmlPerson xmlPerson = new XmlPerson { Name = "1111", Age = 12, HomeAddress = new Address { Street = "默默大街三号", PostCode = "233664" } };
            //XmlPerson xmlPerson = new XmlPerson { Name = "1111", Age = 12, HomeAddress = new USAddress { Street = "默默大街三号", PostCode = "233664", Neighbor="邻居666" } };
            string s = SerializeManager.Instance.XmlSerialize<XmlPerson>(xmlPerson);//序列化
            Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Green;
            Console.WriteLine("测试序列化成功。。。");
            Console.WriteLine($"测试序列化结果：\r\n{s}");
 
            //string path = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "序列化.txt");//序列化
            //SerializeManager.Instance.XmlSerialize<TestClass>(testClass, path);
 
            //备用
            //string json = "{\"Address\":\"中国南京\",\"Age\":10,\"Id\":1,\"Name\":\"张三\",\"Sex\":\"男\"}";
            //TestClass test = SerializeManager.Instance.DataContractJsonDeserializeJson<TestClass>(json);//反序列化
            //if (test != null)
            //{
            //    Console.WriteLine($"测试序列化结果：{test.ToString()}");
            //}
 
            //string path = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "序列化.txt");
            //TestClass test = SerializeManager.Instance.XmlDeserialize<TestClass>(path);//反序列化
            //if (test != null)
            //{
            //    Console.WriteLine($"测试序列化结果：{test.ToString()}");
            //} 
            #endregion
        }
    }
}

2、xml对属性或者字段的子类化的子对象进行序列化，首先添加类XmlPerson以及XmlPerson的子类XmlStudent，XmlTeacher，添加Address类以及Address的的子类USAddress，AUAddress

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Xml.Serialization;

namespace SupremeConsole
{
    #region 继承XmlPerson以及继承的子类 
    /// <summary>
    /// xml序列化测试类
    /// </summary>
    //继承XmlPerson的子类XmlStudent，XmlTeacher的序列化
    //[XmlInclude(typeof(继承的子类1))]//XmlInclude指明了，继承子类的序列化的类型,如 XmlInclude(typeof(XmlStudent))，或者再序列化的时候添加子类类型XmlSerializer xs = new XmlSerializer (typeof (XmlPerson),new Type[] { typeof (继承的子类1), typeof (继承的子类2)} );，如：new Type[] { typeof (XmlStudent), typeof (XmlTeacher)};
    [XmlRoot("haha")]
    //[XmlInclude(typeof(XmlStudent))]
    //[XmlInclude(typeof(XmlTeacher))]
    public class XmlPerson
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 姓名
        /// </summary>       
        [XmlElement("MyName", Order = 2)]
        public string Name { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 年龄
        /// </summary>       
        [XmlAttribute("MyAge")]
        public int Age { get; set; }

        ///// <summary>
        ///// 住址
        ///// </summary>
        //[XmlElement("Residence", Order = 1)]
        //public string Address { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 住址
        /// </summary>
        [XmlElement("Residence", Order = 1)]
        public Address HomeAddress = new Address();//常规序列化        
    }

    [XmlType("SubXmlPersonIsXmlStudent")]//XmlStudent序列化后的名称
    public class XmlStudent : XmlPerson
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 学号
        /// </summary>
        public string StuNumber { get; set; }
    }

    [XmlType("SubXmlPersonIsXmlTeacher")]//XmlTeacher序列化后的名称
    public class XmlTeacher : XmlPerson
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 工号
        /// </summary>
        public string TeachNumber { get; set; }

    }
    #endregion

    #region Address以及继承的子类

    public class Address  //常规序列化
    {
        public string Street, PostCode;
    }

    [XmlType("USAddressISSubAddress")]
    public class USAddress : Address   //子类的序列化
    {
        public string Neighbor; //邻居
    }

    [XmlType("AUAddressISSubAddress")]
    public class AUAddress : Address //子类的序列化
    {
        public string OldNeighbor; //邻居
    }
    #endregion
}

 

运行效果：

测试序列化成功。。。
测试序列化结果：
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<haha xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" MyAge="12">
  <Residence>
    <Street>默默大街三号</Street>
    <PostCode>233664</PostCode>
  </Residence>
  <MyName>1111</MyName>
</haha>

 

运行结果中的红色标记就是XmlPerson中的HomeAddress 设置的别名Residence

/// <summary>
/// 住址
/// </summary>
[XmlElement("Residence", Order = 1)]
public Address HomeAddress = new Address();//常规序列化

 

修改XmlPerson中的 

[XmlElement("Residence", Order = 1)]
public Address HomeAddress = new Address();//常规序列化

改成

[XmlElement("Residence", Order = 1)]
public Address HomeAddress = new USAddress();//子类的序列化

同时修改 Address，在Address类上添加特性[XmlInclude(typeof(USAddress))]，[XmlInclude(typeof(AUAddress))]

[XmlInclude(typeof(USAddress))]
[XmlInclude(typeof(AUAddress))]
public class Address //常规序列化
{
public string Street, PostCode;
}

把TestSeri法中的

 XmlPerson xmlPerson = new XmlPerson { Name = "1111", Age = 12, HomeAddress = new Address { Street = "默默大街三号", PostCode = "233664" } };

改成

XmlPerson xmlPerson = new XmlPerson { Name = "1111", Age = 12, HomeAddress = new USAddress { Street = "默默大街三号", PostCode = "233664", Neighbor="邻居666" } };

 

运行结果：

测试序列化成功。。。
测试序列化结果：
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<haha xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" MyAge="12">
  <Residence xsi:type="USAddressISSubAddress">
    <Street>默默大街三号</Street>
    <PostCode>233664</PostCode>
    <Neighbor>邻居666</Neighbor>
  </Residence>
  <MyName>1111</MyName>
</haha>

　

  

运行的结果来看出现了 Residence xsi:type="USAddressISSubAddress"，出现的原因是在Address类上添加特性[XmlInclude(typeof(USAddress))]，这就是xml对属性或者字段的子类化的子对象进行序列化的结果

 

要想出现下面的效果

 

修改

[XmlElement("Residence", Order = 1)]
//public Address HomeAddress = new USAddress();//子类的序列化

改为

[XmlElement("Residence", typeof(Address), Order = 1)]
[XmlElement("USAddressISSubAddressResidence", typeof(USAddress), Order = 1)]
[XmlElement("AUAddressISSubAddressResidence", typeof(AUAddress), Order = 1)]
public Address HomeAddress = new USAddress();//子类的序列化

这时候就可以达到上述效果，但是Address类上添加特性[XmlInclude(typeof(USAddress))]对结果没有影响，可以去掉。

  

3、xml对属性或者字段是泛型集合的序列化处理方式如下

首先把XmlPerson类中的

public Address HomeAddress = new USAddress();//子类的序列化

改成 

[XmlArray("集合列表的名称", Order = 1)]//默认序列化以后的名称是Addresses ，现在通过XmlArray来修改为指定的名称，如：[XmlArray("集合列表的名称", Order = 1)]
[XmlArrayItem("集合列表中的项的名称")]//默认序列化以后的名称是Address，现在通过XmlArrayItem来修改为指定的名称，如：[XmlArrayItem("集合列表中的项的名称")]
public List<Address> Addresses = new List<Address>(); 

注意：XmlElement、XmlText 和 XmlAnyElement 不能与 XmlAttribute、XmlAnyAttribute、XmlArray 或 XmlArrayItem 一起使用，否则会报错。 

把TestSeri方法中的

XmlPerson xmlPerson = new XmlPerson { Name = "1111", Age = 12, HomeAddress = new USAddress { Street = "默默大街三号", PostCode = "233664", Neighbor="邻居666" } };

改成

XmlPerson xmlPerson = new XmlPerson { Name = "1111", Age = 12, Addresses = new List<Address> { new Address { Street = "大街三三号", PostCode = "123"}, new USAddress { Street = "大街六六号", PostCode = "456", Neighbor = "邻居666" } } };

运行效果

 

 

把   public List<Address> Addresses = new List<Address>();上的特性改成

[XmlElement("Address", typeof(Address), Order = 1)]
[XmlElement("AUAddress", typeof(AUAddress))]
[XmlElement("USAddress", typeof(USAddress))]
public List<Address> Addresses = new List<Address>();

把TestSeri方法中的

XmlPerson xmlPerson = new XmlPerson { Name = "1111", Age = 12, Addresses = new List<Address> { new Address { Street = "大街三三号", PostCode = "123"}, new USAddress { Street = "大街六六号", PostCode = "456", Neighbor = "邻居666" } } };

改成

XmlPerson xmlPerson = new XmlPerson { Name = "1111", Age = 12, Addresses = new List<Address> { new Address { Street = "大街三三号", PostCode = "123"}, new USAddress { Street = "大街六六号", PostCode = "456", Neighbor = "邻居666" }, new AUAddress { Street = "大街八八号", PostCode = "789", OldNeighbor = "旧朋友邻居8888" } } };

运行效果

 

 把

[XmlElement("Address", typeof(Address), Order = 1)]
[XmlElement("AUAddress", typeof(AUAddress))]
[XmlElement("USAddress", typeof(USAddress))]
public List<Address> Addresses = new List<Address>();

上的特性

改成

[XmlArray(Order = 1)]
[XmlArrayItem("Address", typeof(Address))]
[XmlArrayItem("AUAddress", typeof(AUAddress))]
[XmlArrayItem("USAddress", typeof(USAddress))]
public List<Address> Addresses = new List<Address>();

运行效果

 

 

上述测试的全部代码如下：

Main主方法代码：

using log4net;
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.sqlite;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using System.IO.Compression;
using System.IO.MemoryMappedFiles;
using System.IO.Pipes;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Security.AccessControl;
using System.Security.Principal;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
using System.Reflection;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Channels;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace SupremeConsole
{
    class Program
    {       
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            TestSeri();
            Console.ReadLine();
        }

        public static void TestSeri()
        {
            //Team team = new Team { TName="123",PlayerList = { new Person { Name="1",Age=1},new Person { Name = "2", Age = 2 } } };
            #region BinarySerialize 必须添可序列化属性，即要序列化的对象必须添加SerializableAttribute属性，[Serializable]
            //string s = SerializeManager.Instance.BinarySerialize<Team>(team);//序列化
            //Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Green;
            //Console.WriteLine("测试序列化成功。。。");
            //Console.WriteLine($"测试序列化结果：\r\n{s}");

            //string path = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "序列化11111.bin");//序列化
            //SerializeManager.Instance.BinarySerialize<Team>(team, path);

            //string path = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "序列化11111.bin");
            //Team test = SerializeManager.Instance.BinaryDeserialize<Team>(path);//反序列化
            //if (test != null)
            //{
            //    Console.WriteLine($"测试序列化结果：{test.ToString()}");
            //}
            #endregion

            #region SoapSerialize 必须添可序列化属性，即要序列化的对象必须添加SerializableAttribute属性，[Serializable]
            //string s = SerializeManager.Instance.soapSerialize<Team>(team);//序列化
            //Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Green;
            //Console.WriteLine("测试序列化成功。。。");
            //Console.WriteLine($"测试序列化结果：\r\n{s}");

            //string path = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "Soap序列化.xml");//序列化
            //SerializeManager.Instance.soapSerialize<Team>(team, path);


            //string path = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "Soap序列化.xml");
            //Team test = SerializeManager.Instance.soapDeserialize<Team>(path);//反序列化
            //if (test != null)
            //{
            //    Console.WriteLine($"测试序列化结果：{test.ToString()}");
            //}
            #endregion

            #region XmlSerialize 要序列化的对象可以不添加SerializableAttribute属性，[Serializable]
            //XmlPerson xmlPerson = new XmlPerson { Name = "1111", Age = 12,Address="住址。。。。" };
            //XmlPerson xmlPerson = new XmlPerson { Name = "1111", Age = 12, HomeAddress = new Address { Street = "默默大街三号", PostCode = "233664" } };
            //XmlPerson xmlPerson = new XmlPerson { Name = "1111", Age = 12, HomeAddress = new USAddress { Street = "默默大街三号", PostCode = "233664", Neighbor="邻居666" } };
            XmlPerson xmlPerson = new XmlPerson { Name = "1111", Age = 12, Addresses = new List<Address> { new Address { Street = "大街三三号", PostCode = "123"}, new USAddress { Street = "大街六六号", PostCode = "456", Neighbor = "邻居666" }, new AUAddress { Street = "大街八八号", PostCode = "789", OldNeighbor = "旧朋友邻居8888" } } };
            string s = SerializeManager.Instance.XmlSerialize<XmlPerson>(xmlPerson);//序列化
            Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Green;
            Console.WriteLine("测试序列化成功。。。");
            Console.WriteLine($"测试序列化结果：\r\n{s}");

            //string path = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "Addresses序列化.txt");//序列化
            //SerializeManager.Instance.XmlSerialize<XmlPerson>(xmlPerson, path);

            //string path = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "Addresses序列化.txt");
            //XmlPerson test = SerializeManager.Instance.XmlDeserialize<XmlPerson>(path);//反序列化
            //if (test != null)
            //{
            //    Console.WriteLine($"测试序列化结果：{test.ToString()}");
            //}
            #endregion
        }
  }
}

 

xmlPerson类

 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Xml.Serialization;

namespace SupremeConsole
{
    #region 继承XmlPerson以及继承的子类 
    /// <summary>
    /// xml序列化测试类
    /// </summary>
    //继承XmlPerson的子类XmlStudent，XmlTeacher的序列化
    //[XmlInclude(typeof(继承的子类1))]//XmlInclude指明了，继承子类的序列化的类型,如 XmlInclude(typeof(XmlStudent))，或者再序列化的时候添加子类类型XmlSerializer xs = new XmlSerializer (typeof (XmlPerson),new Type[] { typeof (继承的子类1), typeof (继承的子类2)} );，如：new Type[] { typeof (XmlStudent), typeof (XmlTeacher)};
    [XmlRoot("haha")]
    //[XmlInclude(typeof(XmlStudent))]
    //[XmlInclude(typeof(XmlTeacher))]
    public class XmlPerson
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 姓名
        /// </summary>       
        [XmlElement("MyName", Order = 2)]
        public string Name { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 年龄
        /// </summary>       
        [XmlAttribute("MyAge")]
        public int Age { get; set; }

        ///// <summary>
        ///// 住址
        ///// </summary>
        //[XmlElement("Residence", Order = 1)]
        //public string Address { get; set; }

        ///// <summary>
        ///// 住址
        ///// </summary>
        //[XmlElement("Residence", Order = 1)]
        //public Address HomeAddress = new Address();//常规序列化

        ///// <summary>
        ///// 住址
        ///// </summary>
        //[XmlElement("Residence", Order = 1)]
        //public Address HomeAddress = new USAddress();//子类的序列化

        ///// <summary>
        ///// 住址
        ///// </summary>
        //[XmlElement("Residence", typeof(Address), Order = 1)]
        //[XmlElement("USAddressISSubAddressResidence", typeof(USAddress), Order = 1)]
        //[XmlElement("AUAddressISSubAddressResidence", typeof(AUAddress), Order = 1)]
        //public Address HomeAddress = new USAddress();//子类的序列化

        ///// <summary>
        ///// 地址集合
        ///// </summary>
        //[XmlArray("集合列表的名称", Order = 1)]
        //[XmlArrayItem("集合列表中的项的名称")]
        //public List<Address> Addresses = new List<Address>();
        [XmlArray(Order = 1)]
        [XmlArrayItem("Address", typeof(Address))]
        [XmlArrayItem("AUAddress", typeof(AUAddress))]
        [XmlArrayItem("USAddress", typeof(USAddress))]
        public List<Address> Addresses = new List<Address>();

        //[XmlElement("Address", typeof(Address), Order = 1)]
        //[XmlElement("AUAddress", typeof(AUAddress))]
        //[XmlElement("USAddress", typeof(USAddress))]
        //public List<Address> Addresses = new List<Address>();
    }

    [XmlType("SubXmlPersonIsXmlStudent")]//XmlStudent序列化后的名称
    public class XmlStudent : XmlPerson
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 学号
        /// </summary>
        public string StuNumber { get; set; }
    }

    [XmlType("SubXmlPersonIsXmlTeacher")]//XmlTeacher序列化后的名称
    public class XmlTeacher : XmlPerson
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 工号
        /// </summary>
        public string TeachNumber { get; set; }

    }
    #endregion

    #region Address以及继承的子类

    [XmlInclude(typeof(USAddress))]
    [XmlInclude(typeof(AUAddress))]
    public class Address  //常规序列化
    {
        public string Street, PostCode;
    }

    [XmlType("USAddressISSubAddress")]
    public class USAddress : Address   //子类的序列化
    {
        public string Neighbor; //邻居
    }

    [XmlType("AUAddressISSubAddress")]
    public class AUAddress : Address //子类的序列化
    {
        public string OldNeighbor; //邻居
    }
    #endregion
}

 

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