嵌套循环末尾的 OCaml 语法错误

如何解决嵌套循环末尾的 OCaml 语法错误

我正在尝试创建一个函数,用于根据规则 here 计算球队赢得锦标赛的几率。我已经有了一个 python 实现 here,但我想尝试用 OCaml 来实现,这是一种对我来说很新的语言。我遇到了语法错误的问题,我不清楚为什么我会收到这些错误。我也知道,因为我从 python“翻译”代码,它不是 OCaml 的最佳选择,所以如果有更好的“OCaml 方式”来做我想做的事情,我想听听还有反馈。

open Format
open List

let tourney = [1;16;8;9;5;12;4;13;6;11;3;14;7;10;2;15];;

let odds x =
  function y -> if x > y then 1.0-.(x/.x+.y) else y/.(x+.y);;



let replace l pos a  = List.mapi (fun i x -> if i = pos then a else x) l;;

let rec index l a =
  match l with
  | [] -> -1
  | x::xs -> if x != a then 1 + index xs a else 0;;

    
let seed_odds L seed =
  let team_ind = index tourney seed
  and rounds = [2;4;8;16]
  and round_odds = [] ;

  for i = 1 to length rounds do
    let temp = [] in
    for j = 1 to length tourney do
      0.0 :: temp;
    done;
    temp :: round_odds;
  done;
  
  for r = 0 to (length rounds)-1 do
    let groups = (length tourney) / (nth rounds r);

    for i = 0 to groups do
      let teams = slice tourney i*(nth rounds r) (i+1)*(nth rounds r);
      for t = 0 to (length teams) do
        let odds_to_advance = ref 0.0;

        
        let teams_ =
          if t < ((length teams) / 2) then slice teams ((length teams)/2) (length teams)-1 else slice teams 0 ((length teams)/2)-1 ;

        for t_ = 0 to length teams_ do
          if nth teams t != nth teams_ t_ then
            begin
              if (nth rounds r) = 2 then
                begin
                  odds_to_advance := odds_to_advance +. odds (nth teams t) (nth teams_ t_);
                end
              else
                begin
                  odds_to_advance := odds_to_advance +. (odds (nth teams t) (nth teams_ t_)) *. (nth (nth round_odds r-1 ) (index tourney (nth teams_ t_) )) ;
                end
            end
          else ()
        done;
        if nths rounds r > 2 then
          begin
            odds_to_advance := odds_to_advance *. (nth (nth round_odds r-1 ) (index tourney (nth teams t) )) ;
          end
        else ()
        (*replace (nth round_odds r) (i * (nth rounds r) + t) odds_to_advance ;*)
      done;
    done;
  done;

好的,我之前问题的回答有道理,谢谢!我已经更新了代码并进行了清理:

open Format
open Array
open List

let tourney = [1.;16.;8.;9.;5.;12.;4.;13.;6.;11.;3.;14.;7.;10.;2.;15.];;

let odds x =
  function y -> if x > y then 1.0-.(x/.x+.y) else y/.(x+.y);;

printf "The odds are %f" (odds 2. 15.);;

let replace l pos a  = List.mapi (fun i x -> if i = pos then a else x) l;;

let rec index l a =
  match l with
  | [] -> -1
  | x::xs -> if x != a then 1 + index xs a else 0;;

let rec fold_until f acc n = function
  | [] -> (acc,[])
  | h :: t as l -> if n = 0 then (acc,l)
              else fold_until f (f acc h) (n - 1) t

let slice list i k =
  let _,list = fold_until (fun _ _ -> []) [] i list in
  let taken,_ = fold_until (fun acc h -> h :: acc) [] (k - i + 1) list in
  List.rev taken;;


let seed_odds l seed =
  let team_ind = index tourney seed
  and rounds = [2;4;8;16]
  
  and round_odds = make_matrix 4 16 0.0 in
  
  for r = 0 to (length rounds)-1 do
    let groups = (length tourney) / (nth rounds r) in

    for i = 0 to groups-1 do
      let teams = slice tourney (i*(nth rounds r)) ((i+1)*(nth rounds r)) in
      for t = 0 to (length teams)-1 do
        let odds_to_advance = ref 0.0 in

        
        let teams_ =
          if t < ((length teams) / 2) then slice teams ((length teams)/2) ((length teams)-1) else slice teams 0 (((length teams)/2)-1) in

        for t_ = 0 to (length teams_)-1 do
          if nth teams t != nth teams_ t_ then
            begin
              if (nth rounds r) = 2 then
                begin
                  let od = odds (nth teams t) (nth teams_ t_) in
                  odds_to_advance := !odds_to_advance +. od
                end
              else
                begin
                  let od = odds (nth teams t) (nth teams_ t_)
                  and prev = round_odds.(r-1).(index tourney (nth teams_ t_) ) in
                  odds_to_advance := !odds_to_advance +. od *. prev
                end
            end
          else ()
        done

        if (nth rounds r) > 2 then
          begin
            let prev = round_odds.(r-1).(index tourney (nth teams t)) in
            odds_to_advance := !odds_to_advance *. prev
          end
        else()
        
        round_odds.(r).((i*(nth rounds r))+t) <- !odds_to_advance

      done
    done
  done
  round_odds.(3).(team_ind);;
 


printf "The odds of two winning right now are %f" (seed_odds tourney 2.);;


我现在得到的唯一错误是:

66 |         if (nth rounds r) > 2 then
             ^^
Error: Syntax error

现在不确定是什么问题,因为我已经检查过 let 语句,确保 begin/ends 已关闭等。

解决方法

我看到的第一件事是您有相当多的 let 实例没有匹配的 in

在模块的顶层,您可以拥有 let name = value。这声明了一个要从模块中导出的值(粗略地说)。

在其他任何地方(特别是在函数定义中),每个 let 都必须有一个匹配的 inlet 表达式如下所示:

let v = expr1 in expr2

它声明了一个值为 v 的局部变量 expr1。这个局部变量的作用域是expr2in expr2 部分不是可选的。

以下是您有 let 且没有匹配的 in 的行:

let team_ind = index tourney seed

let groups = (length tourney) / (nth rounds r);

let teams = slice tourney i*(nth rounds r) (i+1)*(nth rounds r);

let odds_to_advance = ref 0.0;

let teams_ =

所有这些都是语法错误。一般来说,您可以通过添加 in 并删除分号(如果有)来修复它们。

作为旁注,在 OCaml 中,分号用于分隔应按顺序计算的表达式。分号不是声明终止符(在受 C 影响的语言中)。它是一个分隔符,在很多方面类似于运算符。

更新

作为另一边的评论,一旦你的代码可以工作,你可能想要寻找方法让它更符合 OCaml 的习惯。例如,使用 List.nth 几乎总是不好的做法,因为到达列表的第 n 个元素需要线性时间。 OCaml 不像其他一些语言,它们所谓的列表实际上是数组(可在恒定时间内随机访问)。 OCaml 列表实际上是列表(如 Lisp 和其他 FP 语言)。

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