Esp8266 无法通过 WiFiClientSecure setCaCert 连接到 MQTT 网络？

如何解决Esp8266 无法通过 WiFiClientSecure setCaCert 连接到 MQTT 网络？

我正在从事一个物联网项目。我使用 Hivemq 作为 mqqt 服务。他已连接到服务器上的 Mosquitto。我通常可以在没有本地认证的情况下连接到 MQTT。当他切换到Globale时，也就是他使用hivemq时，mosquitto要求提供TLS证书。 Hivemq 提供了这一点。当我们通过计算机通信时，没有证书问题。我可以通过 mosquitto 进行交流。当我通过 ESP8266 nodeMCU 尝试此过程时，我无法使用证书连接到服务器，并收到以下错误代码。 （尝试 MQTT 连接...失败，rc=-2 5 秒后重试 ）（无法连接）。代码如下。我在互联网上找不到样本。 net.I 可能编码 setCACert 函数丢失或错误。如果你能帮助我，我将不胜感激。我工作了几天。

#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <PubSubClient.h>
#include <WiFiClientSecure.h>


const char* ssid     = "samsung";     // your network SSID (name of wifi network)
const char* password = "123456789"; // your network password
const char* mqttUser = "Halil";
const char* mqttPassword = "Halil.123";

const char*  mqtt_server  = "46.137.47.218";  // Server URL
const char* test_root_ca= \
 "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\n" \
 "MIIDSjCCAjKgAwIBAgIQRK+wgNajJ7qJMDmGLvhAazANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADA/\n" \
 "MSQwIgYDVQQKExtEaWdpdGFsIFNpZ25hdHVyZSBUcnVzdCBDby4xFzAVBgNVBAMT\n" \
 "DkRTVCBSb290IENBIFgzMB4XDTAwMDkzMDIxMTIxOVoXDTIxMDkzMDE0MDExNVow\n" \
 "PzEkMCIGA1UEChMbRGlnaXRhbCBTaWduYXR1cmUgVHJ1c3QgQ28uMRcwFQYDVQQD\n" \
 "Ew5EU1QgUm9vdCBDQSBYMzCCASIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggEPADCCAQoCggEB\n" \
 "AN+v6ZdQCINXtMxiZfaQguzH0yxrMMpb7NnDfcdAwRgUi+DoM3ZJKuM/IUmTrE4O\n" \
 "rz5Iy2Xu/NMhD2XSKtkyj4zl93ewEnu1lcCJo6m67XMuegwGMoOifooUMM0RoOEq\n" \
 "OLl5CjH9UL2AZd+3UWODyOKIYepLYYHsUmu5ouJLGiifSKOeDNoJjj4XLh7dIN9b\n" \
 "xiqKqy69cK3FCxolkHRyxXtqqzTWMIn/5WgTe1QLyNau7Fqckh49ZLOMxt+/yUFw\n" \
 "7BZy1SbsOFU5Q9D8/RhcQPGX69Wam40dutolucbY38EVAjqr2m7xPi71XAicPNaD\n" \
 "aeQQmxkqtilX4+U9m5/wAl0CAwEAAaNCMEAwDwYDVR0TAQH/BAUwAwEB/zAOBgNV\n" \
 "HQ8BAf8EBAMCAQYwHQYDVR0OBBYEFMSnsaR7LHH62+FLkHX/xBVghYkQMA0GCSqG\n" \
 "SIb3DQEBBQUAA4IBAQCjGiybFwBcqR7uKGY3Or+Dxz9LwwmglSBd49lZRNI+DT69\n" \
 "ikugdB/OEIKcdBodfpga3csTS7MgROSR6cz8faXbauX+5v3gTt23ADq1cEmv8uXr\n" \
 "AvHRAosZy5Q6XkjEGB5YGV8eAlrwDPGxrancWYaLbumR9YbK+rlmM6pZW87ipxZz\n" \
 "R8srzJmwN0jP41ZL9c8PDHIyh8bwRLtTcm1D9SZImlJnt1ir/md2cXjbDaJWFBM5\n" \
 "JDGFoqgCWjBH4d1QB7wCCZAA62RjYJsWvIjJEubSfZGL+T0yjWW06XyxV3bqxbYo\n" \
 "Ob8VZRzI9neWagqNdwvYkQsEjgfbKbYK7p2CNTUQ\n"\
 "-----END CERTIFICATE-----\n";

WiFiClientSecure net;
 
WiFiClient espClient;
PubSubClient client(espClient);
unsigned long lastMsg = 0;
#define MSG_BUFFER_SIZE (50)
char msg[MSG_BUFFER_SIZE];
int value = 0;

void setup_wifi() {

  delay(10);
  // We start by connecting to a WiFi network
  Serial.println();
  Serial.print("Connecting to ");
  Serial.println(ssid);

  WiFi.begin(ssid,password);

  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(500);
    Serial.print("..");
  }

  randomSeed(micros());

  Serial.println("");
  Serial.println("WiFi connected");
  Serial.println("IP address: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
}

void callback(char* topic,byte* payload,unsigned int length) {
  Serial.print("Message arrived [");
  Serial.print(topic);
  Serial.print("] ");
  for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
    Serial.print((char)payload[i]);
  }
  Serial.println();

  // Switch on the LED if an 1 was received as first character
  if ((char)payload[0] == '1') {
    digitalWrite(BUILTIN_LED,LOW);   // Turn the LED on (Note that LOW is the voltage level
    // but actually the LED is on; this is because
    // it is active low on the ESP-01)
  } else {
    digitalWrite(BUILTIN_LED,HIGH);  // Turn the LED off by making the voltage HIGH
  }
}

void reconnect() {
  // Loop until we're reconnected
  while (!client.connected()) {
    Serial.print("Attempting MQTT connection...");
    // Create a random client ID
    String clientId = "ESP8266Client-";
    clientId += String(random(0xffff),HEX);
    if (client.connect(clientId.c_str(),mqttUser,mqttPassword)) {
      Serial.println("connected");
      client.subscribe("CoreElectronics/test");
    } else {
      Serial.print("failed,rc=");
      Serial.print(client.state());
      Serial.println(" try again in 5 seconds");
      // Wait 5 seconds before retrying
      delay(5000);
    }
  }
}

void setup() {
  pinMode(BUILTIN_LED,OUTPUT);
  Serial.begin(115200);
  setup_wifi();
   
  client.setServer(mqtt_server,8883);
 net.setCACert((const uint8_t*)test_root_ca,sizeof(test_root_ca)-1);
  client.setCallback(callback);
}

void loop() {

  if (!client.connected()) {
    reconnect();
  }
  client.loop();
}