FileLoadException 与 Newtonsoft.Json 试图在 4.5.1 WebForms 中使用 MapHttpRoute

如何解决FileLoadException 与 Newtonsoft.Json 试图在 4.5.1 WebForms 中使用 MapHttpRoute

我向我的 4.5.1 WebForms 应用程序添加了一个 2.1 Web API 控制器类。之后，我的packages.config 看起来像：

  <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi" version="5.2.7" targetFramework="net451" />
  <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Client" version="5.2.7" targetFramework="net451" />
  <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Core" version="5.2.7" targetFramework="net451" />
  <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.WebHost" version="5.2.7" targetFramework="net451" />
  <package id="Newtonsoft.Json" version="12.0.2" targetFramework="net451" />

我的 Web.config 如下所示：

<runtime>
    <assemblyBinding appliesTo="v2.0.50727" xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
        <dependentAssembly>
            <assemblyIdentity name="Newtonsoft.Json" publicKeyToken="30ad4fe6b2a6aeed" culture="neutral" />
            <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-12.0.0.0" newVersion="12.0.0.0" />
        </dependentAssembly>
    </assemblyBinding>
</runtime>

我按照本教程中的说明进行操作：https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/web-api/overview/getting-started-with-aspnet-web-api/using-web-api-with-aspnet-web-forms

我在 Application_Start 中添加了以下内容：

RouteTable.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
    name: "DefaultApi",routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}",defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
);

但是，当我运行并尝试运行此行时，出现以下错误：

System.IO.FileLoadException
  HResult=0x80131040
  Message=Could not load file or assembly 'Newtonsoft.Json,Version=6.0.0.0,Culture=neutral,PublicKeyToken=30ad4fe6b2a6aeed' or one of its dependencies. The located assembly's manifest definition does not match the assembly reference. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80131040)
  Source=System.Net.Http.Formatting
  StackTrace:
   at System.Net.Http.Formatting.BaseJsonMediaTypeFormatter..ctor()
   at System.Net.Http.Formatting.JsonMediaTypeFormatter..ctor()
   at System.Net.Http.Formatting.MediaTypeFormatterCollection.CreateDefaultFormatters()
   at System.Web.Http.HttpConfiguration.DefaultFormatters(HttpConfiguration config)
   at System.Web.Http.HttpConfiguration..ctor(HttpRouteCollection routes)
   at System.Web.Http.GlobalConfiguration.<>c.<CreateConfiguration>b__11_0()
   at System.Lazy`1.CreateValue()
   at System.Lazy`1.LazyInitValue()
   at System.Lazy`1.get_Value()
   at System.Web.Http.GlobalConfiguration.get_Configuration()
   at System.Web.Http.RouteCollectionExtensions.MapHttpRoute(RouteCollection routes,String name,String routeTemplate,Object defaults,Object constraints,HttpMessageHandler handler)
   at System.Web.Http.RouteCollectionExtensions.MapHttpRoute(RouteCollection routes,Object defaults)
   at Modeler.Global.Application_Start(Object sender,EventArgs e) in C:\BTR\Evolution\Websites\ESS\DRA\Global.asax.cs:line 13

我尝试删除 web.config 中的绑定重定向信息并收到相同的错误。

更新

最初，我的库 dll 引用了 Newtonsoft 的 11.0.2。我将它们更新到 12.0.2 以试图使事情正常工作。所以我把我所有的项目（包括网站）都放回 11.0.2 并且仍然有同样的问题。但我想指出的是，我在一个 Webforms 项目中进行了测试，但没有引用我的库 dll，该库 dll 已经有一个 12.0.3 对 Newtonsoft 的引用并且它工作正常。因此，我有一些引用 Newtonsoft 的依赖 dll，但我不知道它可能是什么。

所有参考 11.0.2 和网站运行时（如果我注释掉对 MapHttpRoute 的调用），AppDomain.CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies() 正确显示：

{Newtonsoft.Json,Version=11.0.0.0,PublicKeyToken=30ad4fe6b2a6aeed}

融合日志

*** Assembly Binder Log Entry  (4/16/2021 @ 10:44:07 AM) ***

The operation failed.
Bind result: hr = 0x80131040. No description available.

Assembly manager loaded from:  C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\clr.dll
Running under executable  C:\Program Files (x86)\IIS Express\iisexpress.exe
--- A detailed error log follows. 

=== Pre-bind state information ===
LOG: DisplayName = Newtonsoft.Json,PublicKeyToken=30ad4fe6b2a6aeed
 (Fully-specified)
LOG: Appbase = file:///C:/BTR/Evolution/Websites/ESS/DRA/
LOG: Initial PrivatePath = C:\BTR\Evolution\Websites\ESS\DRA\bin
LOG: Dynamic Base = C:\Users\terry.aney\AppData\Local\Temp\Temporary ASP.NET Files\vs\66fd6d3a
LOG: Cache Base = C:\Users\terry.aney\AppData\Local\Temp\Temporary ASP.NET Files\vs\66fd6d3a
LOG: AppName = 92fcbfc0
Calling assembly : System.Net.Http.Formatting,Version=5.2.7.0,PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35.
===
LOG: This bind starts in default load context.
LOG: Using application configuration file: C:\BTR\Evolution\Websites\ESS\DRA\web.config
LOG: Using host configuration file: C:\Users\terry.aney\OneDrive\Documents\IISExpress\config\aspnet.config
LOG: Using machine configuration file from C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\config\machine.config.
LOG: Post-policy reference: Newtonsoft.Json,PublicKeyToken=30ad4fe6b2a6aeed
LOG: GAC Lookup was unsuccessful.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Users/terry.aney/AppData/Local/Temp/Temporary ASP.NET Files/vs/66fd6d3a/92fcbfc0/Newtonsoft.Json.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Users/terry.aney/AppData/Local/Temp/Temporary ASP.NET Files/vs/66fd6d3a/92fcbfc0/Newtonsoft.Json/Newtonsoft.Json.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/BTR/Evolution/Websites/ESS/DRA/bin/Newtonsoft.Json.DLL.
LOG: Assembly download was successful. Attempting setup of file: C:\BTR\Evolution\Websites\ESS\DRA\bin\Newtonsoft.Json.dll
LOG: Entering download cache setup phase.
LOG: Assembly Name is: Newtonsoft.Json,PublicKeyToken=30ad4fe6b2a6aeed
WRN: Comparing the assembly name resulted in the mismatch: Major Version
ERR: The assembly reference did not match the assembly definition found.
ERR: Setup failed with hr = 0x80131040.
ERR: Failed to complete setup of assembly (hr = 0x80131040). Probing terminated.