如何解决使用 Twilio 从 S3 发送 VCard 时出错
我面临同样的问题。我希望你能指导我一点。
生成VCard函数:
import object
import base64
def b64_image(filename):
with open(filename,'rb') as f:
b64 = base64.b64encode(f.read())
return b64.decode('utf-8')
def make_vcard(fname,lname,email,phonenumber,CompanyName,website,photo):
file_name='{}.vcf'.format(fname)
with open(file_name,'w') as file_vcard:
vcard = vobject.vCard()
o = vcard.add('fn')
o.value = fname
o = vcard.add('N')
o.value = vobject.vcard.Name(family=lname,given=fname)
o = vcard.add('email')
o.type_param = 'INTERNET'
o.value = email
o = vcard.add('org')
o.value = [CompanyName]
o = vcard.add('TEL')
o.type_param = 'HOME'
o.value = phonenumber
o = vcard.add('url')
o.type_param = "Website"
o.value = website
o = vcard.add('PHOTO;ENCODING=b;TYPE=image/jpeg')
o.value = b64_image(photo)
o = vcard.add('adr')
o.value = vobject.vcard.Address('900 riverside','gilroy','ca','95000','USA')
file_vcard.write(vcard.serialize())
fname='Test'
lname='Test'
email='Test@gmail.com'
phonenumber='+16500000000'
CompanyName = 'Test'
website='http://google.com'
photo='default.jpg'
make_vcard(fname,photo)
为了将其上传到 S3,我使用以下代码:
import boto3
def upload_vcard_on_bucket(file_path,file_name):
session = boto3.session.Session(
aws_access_key_id='xxxxxxx',aws_secret_access_key='xxxxxxx',region_name='xxxxxxx',)
# # Define client and resource for s3
s3_client = session.client('s3')
s3 = session.resource('s3')
bucket = "xxxxxxx"
upload_vcard_path = 'media/vcard/'
base_url = "https://stg-xxxxxxx.s3.xxxxxxx.amazonaws.com/"
upload_original_file = (upload_vcard_path + file_name)
s3.Bucket(bucket).upload_file(file_path,upload_original_file)
return upload_original_file
a = upload_vcard_on_bucket('Try.vcf','Try.vcf')
使用 Twilio 发送彩信。
from twilio.rest import Client
account_sid = 'XXXXXXX'
auth_token = 'XXXXXXX'
from_number = '+1XXXXXXXXXX'
message = 'hi'
vcard_url = 'https://stg-XXXXX.s3.XXXXX.amazonaws.com/media/vcard/959d-2310efc9a14e.vcf'
company_personal_number = '+91XXXXXXXXXX'
client = Client(account_sid,auth_token)
message = client.messages.create(
from_=from_number,body=message,media_url=[vcard_url],to=company_personal_number
)
Twillio 错误:
说明。 Twilio 无法处理提供的 URL 的 Content-Type。有关有效内容类型的详细信息,请参阅 Twilio 的 documentation on accepted content types 。
图片: enter image description here enter image description here
测试 VCard 链接: https://chatbot-nlp.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/media/vcard/bf2d5936-70f5-4df2-9f79-7e558d6025a3.vcf
解决方法
确保看到 S3 上托管文件的正确 MIME 类型?
文字:文字/电子名片
Accepted Content Types for Media
,这里是 Twilio 开发者布道者。
目前,您的 VCard 具有 Twilio 无法识别的 binary/octet-stream
内容类型。
相反,当您将文件上传到 S3 时,您应该将内容类型设置为 text/vcard
。
使用 boto3,您应该能够通过在 upload_file
方法中包含更多参数来做到这一点,如下所示:
s3.Bucket(bucket).upload_file(
file_path,upload_original_file,file_name,ExtraArgs={'ContentType': 'text/vcard'}
)
见the answers to this question for other ways to set the Content-Type。
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