我在使用 npm i 和 node_modules 时遇到错误

分类：编程问答

如何解决我在使用 npm i 和 node_modules 时遇到错误

我克隆了一个 React 项目，当我运行 npm i 或 npm i <packageName> 时，我收到了一堆错误。运行 npm i 我可以看到创建的 node_modules 文件夹，直到错误开始涌入终端并且 node_modules 文件夹消失。

我在下面添加了终端错误、package.json 和我的项目目录树。

  • 我最近将我的 mac OS 从 Sierra 升级到了 Big Sur 11.2.3
  • npm -v 7.6.3
  • node -v v15.12.0

错误：

npm ERR! code 1
npm ERR! path /Users/alearanibar/codingcfv/reactpractice/react-mastery/graphql-lesson/node_modules/grpc
npm ERR! command failed
npm ERR! command sh -c node-pre-gyp install --fallback-to-build --library=static_library
npm ERR! Failed to execute '/usr/local/Cellar/node/15.12.0/bin/node /usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/bin/node-gyp.js configure --fallback-to-build --library=static_library --module=/Users/alearanibar/codingcfv/reactpractice/react-mastery/graphql-lesson/node_modules/grpc/src/node/extension_binary/node-v88-darwin-x64-unknown/grpc_node.node --module_name=grpc_node --module_path=/Users/alearanibar/codingcfv/reactpractice/react-mastery/graphql-lesson/node_modules/grpc/src/node/extension_binary/node-v88-darwin-x64-unknown --napi_version=8 --node_abi_napi=napi --napi_build_version=0 --node_napi_label=node-v88' (1)
npm ERR! node-pre-gyp info it worked if it ends with ok
npm ERR! node-pre-gyp info using node-pre-gyp@0.13.0
npm ERR! node-pre-gyp info using node@15.12.0 | darwin | x64
npm ERR! node-pre-gyp WARN Using request for node-pre-gyp https download 
npm ERR! node-pre-gyp info check checked for "/Users/alearanibar/codingcfv/reactpractice/react-mastery/graphql-lesson/node_modules/grpc/src/node/extension_binary/node-v88-darwin-x64-unknown/grpc_node.node" (not found)
npm ERR! node-pre-gyp http GET https://node-precompiled-binaries.grpc.io/grpc/v1.20.3/node-v88-darwin-x64-unknown.tar.gz
npm ERR! node-pre-gyp http 404 https://node-precompiled-binaries.grpc.io/grpc/v1.20.3/node-v88-darwin-x64-unknown.tar.gz
npm ERR! node-pre-gyp WARN Tried to download(404): https://node-precompiled-binaries.grpc.io/grpc/v1.20.3/node-v88-darwin-x64-unknown.tar.gz 
npm ERR! node-pre-gyp WARN Pre-built binaries not found for grpc@1.20.3 and node@15.12.0 (node-v88 ABI,unknown) (falling back to source compile with node-gyp) 
npm ERR! node-pre-gyp http 404 status code downloading tarball https://node-precompiled-binaries.grpc.io/grpc/v1.20.3/node-v88-darwin-x64-unknown.tar.gz 
npm ERR! gyp info it worked if it ends with ok
npm ERR! gyp info using node-gyp@7.1.2
npm ERR! gyp info using node@15.12.0 | darwin | x64
npm ERR! gyp info ok 
npm ERR! gyp info it worked if it ends with ok
npm ERR! gyp info using node-gyp@7.1.2
npm ERR! gyp info using node@15.12.0 | darwin | x64
npm ERR! gyp info find Python using Python version 3.8.2 found at "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/bin/python3"
npm ERR! gyp info spawn /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/bin/python3
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args [
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/gyp/gyp_main.py',npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   'binding.gyp',npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '-f',npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   'make',npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '-I',npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '/Users/alearanibar/codingcfv/reactpractice/react-mastery/graphql-lesson/node_modules/grpc/build/config.gypi',npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/addon.gypi',npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '/Users/alearanibar/Library/Caches/node-gyp/15.12.0/include/node/common.gypi',npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '-Dlibrary=shared_library',npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '-Dvisibility=default',npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '-Dnode_root_dir=/Users/alearanibar/Library/Caches/node-gyp/15.12.0',npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '-Dnode_gyp_dir=/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp',npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '-Dnode_lib_file=/Users/alearanibar/Library/Caches/node-gyp/15.12.0/<(target_arch)/node.lib',npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '-Dmodule_root_dir=/Users/alearanibar/codingcfv/reactpractice/react-mastery/graphql-lesson/node_modules/grpc',npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '-Dnode_engine=v8',npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '--depth=.',npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '--no-parallel',npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '--generator-output',npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   'build',npm ERR! gyp info spawn args   '-Goutput_dir=.'
npm ERR! gyp info spawn args ]
npm ERR! No receipt for 'com.apple.pkg.CLTools_Executables' found at '/'.
npm ERR! No receipt for 'com.apple.pkg.DeveloperToolsCLILeo' found at '/'.
npm ERR! No receipt for 'com.apple.pkg.DeveloperToolsCLI' found at '/'.
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! Traceback (most recent call last):
npm ERR!   File "/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/gyp/pylib/gyp/xcode_emulation.py",line 1500,in XcodeVersion
npm ERR!     version_list = GetStdoutQuiet(["xcodebuild","-version"]).splitlines()
npm ERR!   File "/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/gyp/pylib/gyp/xcode_emulation.py",line 1563,in GetStdoutQuiet
npm ERR!     raise GypError("Error %d running %s" % (job.returncode,cmdlist[0]))
npm ERR! gyp.common.GypError: Error 1 running xcodebuild
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! During handling of the above exception,another exception occurred:
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! Traceback (most recent call last):
npm ERR!   File "/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/gyp/gyp_main.py",line 51,in <module>
npm ERR!     sys.exit(gyp.script_main())
npm ERR!   File "/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/gyp/pylib/gyp/__init__.py",line 670,in script_main
npm ERR!     return main(sys.argv[1:])
npm ERR!   File "/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/gyp/pylib/gyp/__init__.py",line 662,in main
npm ERR!     return gyp_main(args)
npm ERR!   File "/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/gyp/pylib/gyp/__init__.py",line 647,in gyp_main
npm ERR!     generator.GenerateOutput(flat_list,targets,data,params)
npm ERR!   File "/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/gyp/pylib/gyp/generator/make.py",line 2451,in GenerateOutput
npm ERR!     writer.Write(
npm ERR!   File "/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/gyp/pylib/gyp/generator/make.py",line 831,in Write
npm ERR!     self.WriteSources(
npm ERR!   File "/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/gyp/pylib/gyp/generator/make.py",line 1302,in WriteSources
npm ERR!     cflags = self.xcode_settings.GetCflags(
npm ERR!   File "/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/gyp/pylib/gyp/xcode_emulation.py",line 661,in GetCflags
npm ERR!     archs = self.GetActiveArchs(self.configname)
npm ERR!   File "/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/gyp/pylib/gyp/xcode_emulation.py",line 515,in GetActiveArchs
npm ERR!     xcode_archs_default = GetXcodeArchsDefault()
npm ERR!   File "/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/gyp/pylib/gyp/xcode_emulation.py",line 122,in GetXcodeArchsDefault
npm ERR!     xcode_version,_ = XcodeVersion()
npm ERR!   File "/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/gyp/pylib/gyp/xcode_emulation.py",line 1511,in XcodeVersion
npm ERR!     version = CLTVersion()  # macOS Catalina returns 11.0.0.0.1.1567737322
npm ERR!   File "/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/gyp/pylib/gyp/xcode_emulation.py",line 1549,in CLTVersion
npm ERR!     return re.search(regex,output).groupdict()["version"]
npm ERR! AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'groupdict'
npm ERR! gyp ERR! configure error 
npm ERR! gyp ERR! stack Error: `gyp` failed with exit code: 1
npm ERR! gyp ERR! stack     at ChildProcess.onCpExit (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/lib/configure.js:351:16)
npm ERR! gyp ERR! stack     at ChildProcess.emit (node:events:369:20)
npm ERR! gyp ERR! stack     at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (node:internal/child_process:290:12)
npm ERR! gyp ERR! System Darwin 20.3.0
npm ERR! gyp ERR! command "/usr/local/Cellar/node/15.12.0/bin/node" "/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/bin/node-gyp.js" "configure" "--fallback-to-build" "--library=static_library" "--module=/Users/alearanibar/codingcfv/reactpractice/react-mastery/graphql-lesson/node_modules/grpc/src/node/extension_binary/node-v88-darwin-x64-unknown/grpc_node.node" "--module_name=grpc_node" "--module_path=/Users/alearanibar/codingcfv/reactpractice/react-mastery/graphql-lesson/node_modules/grpc/src/node/extension_binary/node-v88-darwin-x64-unknown" "--napi_version=8" "--node_abi_napi=napi" "--napi_build_version=0" "--node_napi_label=node-v88"
npm ERR! gyp ERR! cwd /Users/alearanibar/codingcfv/reactpractice/react-mastery/graphql-lesson/node_modules/grpc
npm ERR! gyp ERR! node -v v15.12.0
npm ERR! gyp ERR! node-gyp -v v7.1.2
npm ERR! gyp ERR! not ok 
npm ERR! node-pre-gyp ERR! build error 
npm ERR! node-pre-gyp ERR! stack Error: Failed to execute '/usr/local/Cellar/node/15.12.0/bin/node /usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/bin/node-gyp.js configure --fallback-to-build --library=static_library --module=/Users/alearanibar/codingcfv/reactpractice/react-mastery/graphql-lesson/node_modules/grpc/src/node/extension_binary/node-v88-darwin-x64-unknown/grpc_node.node --module_name=grpc_node --module_path=/Users/alearanibar/codingcfv/reactpractice/react-mastery/graphql-lesson/node_modules/grpc/src/node/extension_binary/node-v88-darwin-x64-unknown --napi_version=8 --node_abi_napi=napi --napi_build_version=0 --node_napi_label=node-v88' (1)
npm ERR! node-pre-gyp ERR! stack     at ChildProcess.<anonymous> (/Users/alearanibar/codingcfv/reactpractice/react-mastery/graphql-lesson/node_modules/grpc/node_modules/node-pre-gyp/lib/util/compile.js:83:29)
npm ERR! node-pre-gyp ERR! stack     at ChildProcess.emit (node:events:369:20)
npm ERR! node-pre-gyp ERR! stack     at maybeClose (node:internal/child_process:1067:16)
npm ERR! node-pre-gyp ERR! stack     at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (node:internal/child_process:301:5)
npm ERR! node-pre-gyp ERR! System Darwin 20.3.0
npm ERR! node-pre-gyp ERR! command "/usr/local/Cellar/node/15.12.0/bin/node" "/Users/alearanibar/codingcfv/reactpractice/react-mastery/graphql-lesson/node_modules/grpc/node_modules/.bin/node-pre-gyp" "install" "--fallback-to-build" "--library=static_library"
npm ERR! node-pre-gyp ERR! cwd /Users/alearanibar/codingcfv/reactpractice/react-mastery/graphql-lesson/node_modules/grpc
npm ERR! node-pre-gyp ERR! node -v v15.12.0
npm ERR! node-pre-gyp ERR! node-pre-gyp -v v0.13.0
npm ERR! node-pre-gyp ERR! not ok

npm ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in:
npm ERR!     /Users/alearanibar/.npm/_logs/2021-04-02T06_27_30_990Z-debug.log

package.json

{
  "name": "crwn-clothing","version": "0.1.0","proxy": "http://localhost:5000","private": true,"dependencies": {
    "firebase": "6.0.2","node-sass": "4.12.0","react": "^16.8.6","react-dom": "^16.8.6","react-redux": "7.0.3","react-router-dom": "5.0.0","react-stripe-checkout": "2.6.3","redux": "4.0.1","redux-logger": "3.0.6","redux-persist": "5.10.0","reselect": "4.0.0"
  },"devDependencies": {
    "react-scripts": "3.0.0"
  },"resolutions": {
    "babel-jest": "24.7.1"
  },"scripts": {
    "start": "react-scripts start","build": "react-scripts build","test": "react-scripts test","eject": "react-scripts eject"
  },"eslintConfig": {
    "extends": "react-app"
  },"browserslist": {
    "production":[ \[][1]
      ">0.2%","not dead","not op_mini all"
    ],"development": [
      "last 1 chrome version","last 1 firefox version","last 1 safari version"
    ]
  }
}

项目目录：

graphql-lesson/
├── public
└── src
    ├── assets
    │   └── ...
    ├── components
    │   └── ...
    ├── firebase
    │   └── ...
    ├── pages
    │   └── ...
    ├── redux
    │   └── ...
    ├── App.css
    ├── App.js
    ├── App.test.js
    ├── index.css
    ├── index.js
    ├── logo.svg
    ├── serviceWorker.js
    ├── .gitignore
    ├── package.json
    └── README.md

解决方法

你的输出说

在“/”处找不到“com.apple.pkg.CLTools_Executables”的收据

您需要安装 XCode 或至少 comandline tools

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