如何解决实时音频图
我正在尝试使用 python 和 matplotlib 绘制麦克风语音（实时）。
这是我所做的：
file:chart_1.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from PyQt5 import QtCore,QtGui,QtWidgets
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib import dates as mpl_dates
from matplotlib.animation import FuncAnimation
from pydub import AudioSegment
import numpy as np
import datetime
import pyaudio
class Ui_MainWindow(object):
def setupUi(self,MainWindow):
# constants
self.CHUNK = int(16384/4)
self.CHUNK_TIME = 125 #msec
self.FORMAT = pyaudio.paInt16
self.CHANNELS = 1
self.RATE = 32750
self.p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
MainWindow.resize(630,200)
sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding,QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Fixed)
sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(MainWindow.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
MainWindow.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
MainWindow.setMinimumSize(QtCore.QSize(0,200))
MainWindow.setMaximumSize(QtCore.QSize(16777215,200))
self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
self.verticalLayout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.centralwidget)
self.verticalLayout.setContentsMargins(0,0)
self.verticalLayout.setSpacing(0)
self.verticalLayout.setObjectName("verticalLayout")
MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
self.chart = Canvas(self)
self.chart.ax.set_facecolor((1,1,1))
self.chart.ax.tick_params(labelcolor='white')
self.stream = self.p.open(format=self.FORMAT,channels=self.CHANNELS,rate=self.RATE,input=True,output=True,frames_per_buffer=self.CHUNK)
self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)
def retranslateUi(self,MainWindow):
_translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow","Microphone chart"))
def plot_microphone_data(self):
now = datetime.datetime.now()
self.x_vals = []
self.y_vals = []
while(True):
data = self.stream.read(self.CHUNK)
#slice = AudioSegment(data,sample_width=2,frame_rate=self.RATE,channels=1)
#print(len(slice))
#print(len(slice.raw_data))
self.stream.write(data)
audio_data = np.frombuffer(data,np.int16)
self.chart.li.set_xdata(np.arange(len(audio_data)))
self.chart.li.set_ydata(audio_data)
self.chart.fig.canvas.draw()
self.chart.fig.canvas.flush_events()
class Canvas(FigureCanvas):
def __init__(self,parent):
self.fig,self.ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(5,4),dpi=200)
self.fig.patch.set_facecolor((6/255,21/255,154/255))
self.ax.set_position([0.,1.,0.8])
self.ax.xaxis.tick_top()
self.ax.tick_params(color=(1,1))
super().__init__(self.fig)
parent.verticalLayout.addWidget(self)
plt.cla()
plt.xticks(fontsize=5)
self.ax.grid(False)
self.li,= self.ax.plot([],[])
self.ax.set_xlim(0,1000)
self.ax.set_ylim(-8000,8000)
self.show()
if __name__ == "__main__":
import sys
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
MainWindow = QtWidgets.QMainWindow()
ui = Ui_MainWindow()
ui.setupUi(MainWindow)
MainWindow.show()
ui.plot_microphone_data()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
效果很好，但在 x 轴上没有时间，所以我制作了文件 chart_2.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from PyQt5 import QtCore,MainWindow):
# constants
self.CHUNK = int(16384/4)
self.CHUNK_TIME = 125 #msec
self.FORMAT = pyaudio.paInt16
self.CHANNELS = 1
self.RATE = 32750
self.TIME_WINDOW = 3000 #display 3 seconds on chart
self.p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
MainWindow.resize(630,1))
self.chart.ax.tick_params(labelcolor='white')
self.stream = self.p.open(format=self.FORMAT,frames_per_buffer=self.CHUNK,stream_callback=self.microphone_callback)
self.x_vals = np.array([])
self.y_vals = np.array([])
self.now = datetime.datetime.now()
self.stream.start_stream()
self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)
def retranslateUi(self,"Microphone chart"))
def microphone_callback(self,in_data,frame_count,time_info,status):
data = in_data
#slice = AudioSegment(data,channels=1)
#print(len(slice))
#print(len(slice.raw_data))
audio_data = np.frombuffer(data,np.int16)
time_data = np.array([])
for i in range(0,len(audio_data)):
time_data = np.append(time_data,self.now)
self.now = self.now+datetime.timedelta(milliseconds=self.CHUNK_TIME/len(audio_data))
self.x_vals = np.concatenate((self.x_vals,time_data),axis=0)
self.y_vals = np.concatenate((self.y_vals,audio_data),axis=0)
if(self.x_vals.size>audio_data.size*(self.TIME_WINDOW/self.CHUNK_TIME)):
self.x_vals = self.x_vals[audio_data.size:]
self.y_vals = self.y_vals[audio_data.size:]
self.chart.li.set_xdata(self.x_vals)
self.chart.li.set_ydata(self.y_vals)
x_ticks = []
for i in range(0,self.TIME_WINDOW+1,1000):
tick = self.x_vals[0]+datetime.timedelta(milliseconds=i)
x_ticks.append(tick)
plt.xticks(x_ticks)
self.chart.ax.set_xlim(x_ticks[0],x_ticks[-1])
self.chart.fig.canvas.draw()
self.chart.fig.canvas.flush_events()
return (data,pyaudio.paContinue)
class Canvas(FigureCanvas):
def __init__(self,1))
super().__init__(self.fig)
parent.verticalLayout.addWidget(self)
self.now = datetime.datetime.now()
self.chart_stop = self.now+datetime.timedelta(milliseconds=parent.TIME_WINDOW)
plt.cla()
date_format = mpl_dates.DateFormatter("%H:%M:%S")
plt.gca().xaxis.set_major_formatter(date_format)
plt.xticks(fontsize=5)
self.ax.grid(False)
self.li,[])
self.ax.set_ylim(-8000,8000)
x_ticks = []
for i in range(0,parent.TIME_WINDOW+1,1000):
tick = self.now+datetime.timedelta(milliseconds=i)
x_ticks.append(tick)
plt.xticks(x_ticks)
self.ax.set_xlim(x_ticks[0],x_ticks[-1])
self.show()
if __name__ == "__main__":
import sys
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
MainWindow = QtWidgets.QMainWindow()
ui = Ui_MainWindow()
ui.setupUi(MainWindow)
MainWindow.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
图表 2 在上 x 轴上有时间，但有一些延迟问题。 你能建议我解决这个问题吗？
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