Spring REST API - 发布一对一实体 - 无法弄清楚如何使用一对一关系发布 JSON 实体并对其进行测试

如何解决Spring REST API - 发布一对一实体 - 无法弄清楚如何使用一对一关系发布 JSON 实体并对其进行测试

我很难决定如何处理两个实体之间的 @OneToOne 关系。我在后端有 SpringBoot，在前端有 Angular 10。我想制作一个 restfull API 并添加测试以避免使用 Postman 自己测试它，但我无法做到。

当我将解析为 JSON 的完整实体发送到我的控制器 (POST) 时，我得到了 org.hibernate.PropertyValueException: not-null property references a null or transient value : com.macawena.autonhome.entities.Land.advert

这些是我的实体广告和土地。

广告：

@Entity
@Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE)
@Table(name = "advert")
public class Advert implements Serializable {

@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.SEQUENCE)
@Column(unique = true)
private long id;

@OneToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY,cascade = CascadeType.ALL,mappedBy = "advert")
private Land land;

@NotNull
private String title = "New Advert";
private String description;
private int price;

public Advert() {
    this.price = 0;
}

public Advert(String title) {
    this();
    this.setTitle(title);
}

// Getters and setters..
}

土地：

@Entity
@Table(name = "land")
public class Land {

@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Column(name = "id")
private Long id;

@OneToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY,optional = false)
@JoinColumn(name = "advert_id",nullable = false)
private Advert advert;

@Column(name = "surface")
private int surface;

public Land() {
}

public Land(int surface) {
    super();
    setSurface(surface);
} 

// Getters and setters
}

如果 Land 字段为空，我可以毫无问题地发布我的广告。

我的 RestController：

@RestController()
@RequestMapping(path = "/",produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE)
public class AdvertController {

@Autowired
private AdvertRepository advertRepository;

@PostMapping(value = "/adverts",consumes = "application/json",produces = "application/json")
public ResponseEntity<Advert> createAdvert(@RequestBody Advert advert) {
    Advert saved = advertRepository.save(advert);
    URI location = ServletUriComponentsBuilder
            .fromCurrentRequest()
            .port(8080)
            .path("/{id}")
            .buildAndExpand(saved.getId())
            .toUri();
    return ResponseEntity.created(location).build();
}
}

以及通过的@Test：

@Test
void POSTReturnCode201WithCorrectURI() throws Exception {
    String uri = "/adverts";
    Advert advert = new Advert();
    
    mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders
            .post(uri)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE)
            .content(super.mapToJson(advert)))
            .andExpect(status().isCreated())
            .andExpect(header().string(HttpHeaders.LOCATION,"http://localhost:8080/adverts/1")).andReturn();
}

现在我想用土地进行测试、发布和广告。我应该如何进行？

这是我编写的用于测试 PostAdvertWithLand 的测试：

@Test
void POSTAdvertWithLand() throws Exception {
    String uri = "/adverts";
    Advert advert = new Advert();
    
    Land land = new Land();
    land.setSurface(500);
    land.setAdvert(advert);
    advert.setLand(land);

    MvcResult mvcResult = mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders
            .post(uri)
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE)
            .content(super.mapToJson(advert)))
            .andExpect(status().isCreated())
            .andExpect(header().string(HttpHeaders.LOCATION,"http://localhost:8080/adverts/1"))
            .andReturn();
}

super.mapToJson(advert) 输出

{"id":2,"land":{"id":1,"surface":5000},"title":"New Advert","description":null,"price":0}

对应的测试错误：

org.springframework.web.util.NestedServletException: Request processing failed; nested exception is org.springframework.dao.DataIntegrityViolationException: not-null property references a null or transient value : com.macawena.autonhome.entities.Land.advert; nested exception is org.hibernate.PropertyValueException: not-null property references a null or transient value : com.macawena.autonhome.entities.Land.advert