centos7 LNMP 源码编译安装

• 这篇笔记记录了在centos7.6中通过源码编译的方式安装Nginx1.14，PHP7.2和MysqL5.7的过程，以及使用systemctl管理服务，MysqL5.7并未使用官网的二进制包，而是从源码开始自己编译的，要提醒的是MysqL5.7编译环境至少需要1G内存，并且非常缓慢，本人实测1G内存很难成功编译，建议1G以上

1.安装Nginx 安装依赖 yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ wget automake autoconf libtool libxml2-devel libxslt-devel perl-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel 创建一个不能登录的Nginx运行用户 groupadd www-data useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g www-data www-data 创建源码保存目录和运行时的临时文件夹，下载Nginx源码，当前稳定版为Nginx-1.14.2 mkdir -p /var/cache/Nginx mkdir -p /usr/local/src/Nginx cd /usr/local/src/Nginx wget -c http://Nginx.org/download/Nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz 解压 tar -zxvf Nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz cd /usr/local/src/Nginx/Nginx-1.14.2 编译前配置检查 ./configure \ --prefix=/usr/local/Nginx \ --sbin-path=/usr/local/Nginx/sbin/Nginx \ --conf-path=/usr/local/Nginx/conf/Nginx.conf \ --error-log-path=/var/log/Nginx/error.log \ --http-log-path=/var/log/Nginx/access.log \ --pid-path=/var/run/Nginx.pid \ --lock-path=/var/run/Nginx.lock \ --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/Nginx/client_temp \ --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/Nginx/proxy_temp \ --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/Nginx/fastcgi_temp \ --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/Nginx/uwsgi_temp \ --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/Nginx/scgi_temp \ --user=www-data \ --group=www-data \ --with-pcre \ --with-http_v2_module \ --with-http_ssl_module \ --with-http_realip_module \ --with-http_addition_module \ --with-http_sub_module \ --with-http_dav_module \ --with-http_flv_module \ --with-http_mp4_module \ --with-http_gunzip_module \ --with-http_gzip_static_module \ --with-http_random_index_module \ --with-http_secure_link_module \ --with-http_stub_status_module \ --with-http_auth_request_module \ --with-mail \ --with-mail_ssl_module \ --with-file-aio \ --with-http_v2_module \ --with-threads \ --with-stream \ --with-stream_ssl_module 配置检查完毕，已经创建了Makefile creating objs/Makefile Configuration summary + using threads + using system PCRE library + using system OpenSSL library + using system zlib library Nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/Nginx" Nginx binary file: "/usr/local/Nginx/sbin/Nginx" Nginx modules path: "/usr/local/Nginx/modules" Nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/Nginx/conf" Nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/Nginx/conf/Nginx.conf" Nginx pid file: "/var/run/Nginx.pid" Nginx error log file: "/var/log/Nginx/error.log" Nginx http access log file: "/var/log/Nginx/access.log" Nginx http client request body temporary files: "/var/cache/Nginx/client_temp" Nginx http proxy temporary files: "/var/cache/Nginx/proxy_temp" Nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "/var/cache/Nginx/fastcgi_temp" Nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "/var/cache/Nginx/uwsgi_temp" Nginx http scgi temporary files: "/var/cache/Nginx/scgi_temp" 编译，安装 make make install 修改配置 Nginx详细配置请移步(nginx的configure参数，配置文件，虚拟主机配置，信号控制) vim /usr/local/Nginx/conf/Nginx.conf user www-data; pid /var/run/Nginx.pid; 启动Nginx /usr/local/Nginx/sbin/Nginx 查看进程 ps aux|grep Nginx 杀掉进程 pkill -9 Nginx 配置服务 vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/Nginx.service 输入如下配置 [Unit] Description=Nginx - high performance web server Documentation=http://Nginx.org/en/docs/ After=network-online.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target Wants=network-online.target [Service] Type=forking PIDFile=/var/run/Nginx.pid ExecStart=/usr/local/Nginx/sbin/Nginx -c /usr/local/Nginx/conf/Nginx.conf ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID ExecStop=/bin/kill -s TERM $MAINPID ExecStartPost=/bin/sleep 0.1 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target #注意：如果你是单核服务器，需要加ExecStartPost=/bin/sleep 0.1 #否则在执行systemctl start Nginx之后，在执行systemctl status Nginx时 #会出现systemd[1]: Failed to read PID from file /var/run/Nginx.pid: Invalid argument #这是因为Nginx还未启动完成，systemctl就去寻找pid进程文件了，这是一个已知的bug #地址https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/nginx/+bug/1581864 重新载入 systemd systemctl daemon-reload 开启开机启动 systemctl enable Nginx.service Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/Nginx.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/Nginx.service. 启动和查看Nginx状态 systemctl start Nginx systemctl status Nginx ● Nginx.service - Nginx - high performance web server Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/Nginx.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since 五 2019-01-04 18:24:18 CST; 9min ago Docs: http://Nginx.org/en/docs/ Process: 75573 ExecStop=/bin/kill -s TERM $MAINPID (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Process: 75576 ExecStart=/usr/local/Nginx/sbin/Nginx -c /usr/local/Nginx/conf/Nginx.conf (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 75577 (Nginx) CGroup: /system.slice/Nginx.service ├─75577 Nginx: master process /usr/local/Nginx/sbin/Nginx -c /usr/local/Nginx/conf/Nginx.conf └─75578 Nginx: worker process 1月 04 18:24:18 jmsiteos7 systemd[1]: Stopping Nginx - high performance web server... 1月 04 18:24:18 jmsiteos7 systemd[1]: Stopped Nginx - high performance web server. 1月 04 18:24:18 jmsiteos7 systemd[1]: Starting Nginx - high performance web server... 1月 04 18:24:18 jmsiteos7 systemd[1]: Started Nginx - high performance web server. 2.安装mysql 注：MysqL从5.5版本开始，通过./configure进行编译配置方式已经被取消，取而代之的是cmake工具。因此，我们首先要在系统中源码编译安装cmake工具。 安装依赖 yum install -y cmake gcc-c++ bison bison-devel ncurses-devel perl-Data-Dumper boost boost-doc boost-devel 创建MysqL用户和用户组 groupadd MysqL useradd -g MysqL MysqL 创建源码存放目录，下载，解压 mkdir -p /usr/local/src/MysqL cd /usr/local/src/MysqL wget -c https://dev.MysqL.com/get/Downloads/MysqL-5.7/MysqL-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz tar -zxvf MysqL-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz cd MysqL-5.7.20 创建相应目录并授权 mkdir -p /usr/local/MysqL/data chown -R MysqL:MysqL /usr/local/MysqL/ touch /var/log/MysqL.log chown -R MysqL:MysqL /var/log/MysqL.log mkdir -p /var/lib/MysqL chown -R MysqL:MysqL /var/lib/MysqL mkdir -p /var/run/MysqLd chown -R MysqL:MysqL /var/run/MysqLd 配置检查 cmake \ -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/MysqL \ -DMysqL_DATADIR=/usr/local/MysqL/data \ -DSYSconfdIR=/etc \ -DMysqL_USER=MysqL \ -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_READLINE=1 \ -DMysqL_UNIX_ADDR=/var/lib/MysqL/MysqL.sock \ -DMysqL_TCP_PORT=3306 \ -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \ -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \ -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_unicode_ci \ -DWITH_DEBUG=0 \ -DMysqL_MAINTAINER_MODE=0 \ -DWITH_SYstemD=1 \ -DWITH_BOOST=boost \ -DWITH_SSL:STRING=bundled \ -DWITH_ZLIB:STRING=bundled 编译，安装 make make install 修改MysqL配置 vim /etc/my.cnf 如下设置 [MysqL] default-character-set=utf8 socket=/var/lib/MysqL/MysqL.sock [MysqLd] init-connect = 'SET NAMES utf8' character-set-server = utf8 basedir=/usr/local/MysqL datadir=/usr/local/MysqL/data socket=/var/lib/MysqL/MysqL.sock user = MysqL explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true bind-address = 0.0.0.0 server-id = 1 log_error=/var/log/MysqL.log # disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 # Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used. # If you need to run MysqLd under a different user or group, # customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the # instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd [MysqLd_safe] log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid 加入环境变量 vim /etc/profile 尾部加入下面两行 PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/MysqL/bin/ export PATH 执行source使环境变量立即生效 source /etc/profile 初始化数据库,安装密钥 MysqLd --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize-insecure --basedir=/usr/local/MysqL --datadir=/usr/local/MysqL/data --user=MysqL MysqL_ssl_rsa_setup #–initialize-insecure不生成随机密码 #–initialize生成随机密码 设置开机启动 cp /usr/local/MysqL/usr/lib/systemd/system/MysqLd.service /usr/lib/systemd/system 重新载入 systemd systemctl daemon-reload 开机启动 systemctl enable MysqLd.service systemctl start MysqLd.service [root@jmsiteos7 MysqL-5.7.20]# systemctl status MysqLd.service ● MysqLd.service - MysqL Server Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/MysqLd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since 五 2019-01-04 15:36:52 CST; 3s ago Docs: man:MysqLd(8) http://dev.MysqL.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html Process: 30737 ExecStart=/usr/local/MysqL/bin/MysqLd --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/MysqLd/MysqLd.pid $MysqLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Process: 30719 ExecStartPre=/usr/local/MysqL/bin/MysqLd_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 30740 (MysqLd) CGroup: /system.slice/MysqLd.service └─30740 /usr/local/MysqL/bin/MysqLd --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/MysqLd/MysqLd.pid 1月 04 15:36:51 jmsiteos7 systemd[1]: Starting MysqL Server... 1月 04 15:36:52 jmsiteos7 systemd[1]: Started MysqL Server. 设置密码（如果初始化参数是–initialize，这步跳过） MysqL_secure_installation 登录MysqL [root@jmsiteos7 ~]# MysqL -uroot -p MysqL: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MysqL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MysqL connection id is 4 Server version: 5.7.20 Source distribution copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered Trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be Trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MysqL> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | @R_394_4045@ion_schema | | MysqL | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) MysqL> set password for root@localhost = password('yourpassword'); MysqL> flush privileges; MysqL> quit; Bye 3.安装php 安装依赖 yum install libxml2 libxml2-devel curl-devel openjpeg openjpeg-devel openjpeg-libs libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng freetype libpng-devel freetype-devel openssl openssl-devel 创建源码保存目录，下载，解压 mkdir -p /usr/local/src/PHP72 cd /usr/local/src/PHP72 wget -c http://cn2.PHP.net/get/PHP-7.2.13.tar.gz tar -xzvf PHP-7.2.13.tar.gz cd PHP-7.2.13 配置检查 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/PHP72 \ --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/PHP72/etc \ --with-config-file-scan-dir=/usr/local/PHP72/etc/PHP.d \ --with-mhash \ --disable-debug \ --disable-rpath \ --enable-MysqLnd \ --with-MysqLi \ --with-pdo-MysqL \ --enable-fpm \ --with-fpm-user=www-data \ --with-fpm-group=www-data \ --with-gd \ --with-iconv \ --with-zlib \ --enable-bcmath \ --enable-xml \ --enable-shmop \ --enable-sysvsem \ --enable-inline-optimization \ --enable-mbregex \ --enable-mbstring \ --enable-ftp \ --with-openssl \ --enable-pcntl \ --enable-sockets \ --with-xmlrpc \ --enable-zip \ --enable-soap \ --without-pear \ --with-gettext \ --enable-session \ --with-curl \ --with-jpeg-dir \ --with-png-dir \ --with-freetype-dir 编译，安装 make -j4 make install 设置环境变量 vim /etc/profile 文件末尾加入如下两行代码 PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/PHP72/bin/:/usr/local/PHP72/sbin/ export PATH 使之立即生效 source /etc/profile 测试一下 [root@jmsiteos7 PHP-7.2.13]# PHP -v PHP 7.2.13 (cli) (built: Jan 4 2019 17:35:17) ( NTS ) copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group Zend Engine v3.2.0, copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies 设置PHP.ini和PHP-fpm.conf，www.conf 进入源码目录 cd /usr/local/src/PHP72/PHP-7.2.13 复制示例配置 cp PHP.ini-development /usr/local/PHP72/etc/PHP.ini #或 cp PHP.ini-production /usr/local/PHP72/etc/PHP.ini 进入PHP.ini目录 cd /usr/local/PHP72/etc 打开配置文件 vim /usr/local/PHP72/etc/PHP.ini 更改pdo_MysqL.default_socket为上面安装MysqL时.sock设定的位置 pdo_MysqL.default_socket = /var/lib/MysqL/MysqL.sock 如果不设置，PHP通过pdo连接MysqL时会报sqlSTATE[HY000] [2002] No such file or directory 复制fpm示例配置 cp PHP-fpm.conf.default PHP-fpm.conf 进入PHP-fpm.d目录 cd /usr/local/PHP72/etc/PHP-fpm.d 复制www.conf cp www.conf.default www.conf 设置PHP-fpm开机启动 cp /usr/local/src/PHP72/PHP-7.2.13/sapi/fpm/PHP-fpm.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/ 重新载入 systemd systemctl daemon-reload 启用开机启动 systemctl enable PHP-fpm Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/PHP-fpm.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/PHP-fpm.service. 启动PHP-fpm systemctl start PHP-fpm 查看状态 [root@jmsiteos7 PHP-fpm.d]# systemctl status PHP-fpm ● PHP-fpm.service - The PHP FastCGI Process Manager Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/PHP-fpm.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since 五 2019-01-04 17:55:16 CST; 5s ago Main PID: 70669 (PHP-fpm) CGroup: /system.slice/PHP-fpm.service ├─70669 PHP-fpm: master process (/usr/local/PHP72/etc/PHP-fpm.conf) ├─70670 PHP-fpm: pool www └─70671 PHP-fpm: pool www 1月 04 17:55:16 jmsiteos7 systemd[1]: Started The PHP FastCGI Process Manager. 4.验证安装的Nginx，PHP，MysqL 编辑Nginx配置文件 vim /usr/local/Nginx/conf/Nginx.conf #更改运行用户 user www-data; #编辑server段，默认文件添加index.PHP location / { root html; index index.PHP index.html index.htm; } #匹配PHP的配置块取消注释并更改/scripts为$document_root location ~ \.PHP$ { root html; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.PHP; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } 保存并退出，重启Nginx systemctl restart Nginx Nginx默认的web目录下新建index.PHP vim /usr/local/Nginx/html/index.PHP 输入如下PHP代码 <?PHP $dbms='MysqL'; //数据库类型 $host='localhost'; //数据库主机名 $dbname='MysqL'; //使用的数据库 $user='root'; //数据库连接用户名 $pass=''; //对应的密码 $dsn="$dbms:host=$host;dbname=$dbname"; try { $dbh = new PDO($dsn, $user, $pass); //初始化一个PDO对象 echo "连接成功<br/>"; foreach ($dbh->query('SELECT db from db') as $row) { print_r($row); } $dbh = null; } catch (PDOException $e) { die ("Error!: " . $e->getMessage() . "<br/>"); } ?> 浏览器访问你的站点